Design of an explosive micro-particle accelerator to simulate micrometeoroid impacts in space
by Sabine Fuierer; Noah Manz; Michael Hargather; Paul Fuierer
International Journal of Student Project Reporting (IJSPR), Vol. 1, No. 4, 2023

Abstract: The aim of this paper is to describe the process taken by a small team of engineering students to design, construct and test a benchtop micro-particle accelerator capable of simulating micrometeoroid (MM) impacts. An apparatus, named low orbit kinetic impactor (LOKI), was completed, whose critical components include a vacuum pump and chamber capable of p < 10 torr, electric bridge wire detonator, SiC particle - nitrocellulose film, and adjustable target mount. Target distances of 75-380 mm are possible depending on required particle trajectory and velocity. Windows allow high-speed videography to measure velocities and observe impacts. Gurney velocity and particle drag calculations predict particle velocities to 3.8 km/s in vacuum. Preliminary imaging approximates velocities of 3.3 km/s. Post-test analysis of Kapton and acrylic targets reveal classic impact cratering. The novelty of LOKI includes its ability to accelerate particle sizes typical of MMs to threshold hypervelocity, its simplicity and flexibility. The apparatus and method described could represent a standard for rapid and inexpensive test screening of aerospace materials and coatings.

Online publication date: Fri, 13-Oct-2023

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