Role of income in pollution and growth across Belt and Road Initiative countries: new insights from dynamic functional regression model
by Mohanned Abduljabbar Hael; Haiqiang Ma; Fahmi Al-Selwi; Mushref Mohammed; Khin Sandi Myint; Hamas A. Al-Kuhali
International Journal of Global Warming (IJGW), Vol. 33, No. 4, 2024

Abstract: This study employed function-on-scalar regression (FOSR) to model the complex nexus and spatial-temporal dynamic impact of income distribution on carbon dioxide emissions (CO₂) and economic growth (EG) for 80 Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) countries (1990-2021). Results discovered a robust positive nexus between income, CO₂, and EG across the spatial-temporal BRI domain. Increased income levels are associated with heightened EG, subsequently driving higher CO₂. Decreased income levels were linked to reduced EG and a corresponding decline in CO₂ intensity. Accordingly, we suggested policy implications to guide BRI towards a balanced and sustainable development pattern.

Online publication date: Tue, 09-Jul-2024

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