Title: Experimental study on viscosity of Al₂O₃/Fe₃O₄ hybrid nanofluid according to different surfactant additives

Authors: Jeonggyun Ham; Yunchan Shin; Honghyun Cho

Addresses: Department of Mechanical Engineering, Graduate School of Chosun University, Chosun University, 309 Pilmundaero, Dong-Gu, Gwangju 61452, South Korea ' Department of Mechanical Engineering, Graduate School of Chosun University, Chosun University, 309 Pilmundaero, Dong-Gu, Gwangju 61452, South Korea ' Department of Mechanical Engineering, Chosun University, 309 Pilmundaero, Dong-Gu, Gwangju 61452, South Korea

Abstract: Viscosities of 1 wt% Al₂O₃ and Fe₃O₄ NFs(nanofluid), and Al₂O₃/Fe₃O₄ hybrid NF were investigated experimentally based on surfactant type and pH. Cetrimonium bromide (CTAB) as a cationic surfactant, polyactylic acid (PAA) and sodium dodecyl (SDS) as anionic surfactants, and gum Arabic (GA) as a high molecular surfactant were used to manufacture NFs. The most increase of viscosity in 1wt% Al₂O₃ NF was presented with the addition of GA. Furthermore, the viscosity ratio of Fe₃O₄ NF for pH 3 was 1.08, lower than that for other pHs. Surfactant-dependent viscosity of Al₂O₃/Fe₃O₄ hybrid NF increased in the following order: GA, CTAB, SDS, and PAA. Al₂O₃/Fe₃O₄ hybrid NF viscosity did not increase noticeably with addition of PAA and SDS because the strength of the ionic bond did not increase. The highest increase in viscosity for Al₂O₃ and Al₂O₃/Fe₃O₄ hybrid NFs was observed with the addition of GA.

Keywords: hybrid nanofluid; viscosity; surfactant; pH; dispersion stability; ferrofluid (Fe₃O₄ nanofluid).

DOI: 10.1504/IJNT.2019.104467

International Journal of Nanotechnology, 2019 Vol.16 No.4/5, pp.237 - 243

Published online: 13 Jan 2020 *

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