Title: Is 'pollute thy neighbour' valid for Turkey?

Authors: Gizem Kaya; Mehmet Ozgur Kayalica; Burç Ulengin; Merve Kumas

Addresses: Department of Management Engineering, Faculty of Management, and TEGAM, Istanbul Technical University, Macka, 34367, Istanbul, Turkey ' Department of Management Engineering, Faculty of Management, and TEGAM, Istanbul Technical University, Macka, 34367, Istanbul, Turkey ' Department of Management Engineering, Faculty of Management, Istanbul Technical University, Macka, 34367, Istanbul, Turkey ' TEGAM, Istanbul Technical University, Macka, 34367, Istanbul, Turkey

Abstract: This study investigates the impact of trade in 'dirty' industries on the environment in both the short-run and long-run for Turkey. We use annual data of gross domestic product per capita (constant US$, 2010), carbon dioxide emission, energy use in GDP, the share of exports in dirty industries over total export, and the share of imports in dirty industries over total import for the period 1972-2018. By using threshold regression models, we show that the share of imports in dirty industries over total import affects CO₂ emissions negatively in the long-run for the period 1972-2010. Besides, for the period 2011-2018, the share of exports in dirty industries over total export affects CO₂ emissions positively in the long-run. Turkey seems to have polluted its trade partners unconsciously for a long time. However, Turkey has recently started to pollute itself more.

Keywords: dirty industries; CO₂ emissions; import; export; environmental Kuznets curve; EKC.

DOI: 10.1504/IJSE.2020.110279

International Journal of Sustainable Economy, 2020 Vol.12 No.2, pp.163 - 183

Received: 14 Mar 2020
Accepted: 28 May 2020
Published online: 12 Oct 2020 *

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