Title: Estimation of shipping emissions in the Iskenderun Gulf, Turkey

Authors: Aydin Tokuslu

Addresses: Multinational Maritime Security Center of Excellence, 34330, Istanbul, Turkey

Abstract: The Iskenderun Gulf is the main industrial and transportation region affected by the emissions emitted by its eight ports and industrial facilities. The air pollutants generated from vessels in the Iskenderun Gulf by using AIS data was created for the Iskenderun Gulf. In this study, total emissions from vessels were estimated as 2.551 t y⁻¹ for NO_X, 135.100 t y⁻¹ for CO₂, 968 t y⁻¹ for SO_X, 99 t y⁻¹ for VOC, 139 t y⁻¹ for PM based on ship activity-based method. Port emissions in the gulf may have negative effects on the health of a minimum of 32.364 people living 1 km from the port area including other city emissions (domestic heating, road traffic, and industry). The environmental cost of the port emissions was estimated as $82 million and $17.146 per ship call. This is the first study to estimate port emissions in the Iskenderun Gulf.

Keywords: Iskenderun Gulf; environmental pollution; environmental costs; AIS movement data; regional inventory; ship engine exhaust emissions; Turkey.

DOI: 10.1504/IJGW.2021.114345

International Journal of Global Warming, 2021 Vol.23 No.4, pp.397 - 414

Received: 03 Jun 2020
Accepted: 31 Aug 2020
Published online: 19 Apr 2021 *

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