Article: Optimisation of cold extrusion process parameters on AA 2024 alloy using grey relational analysis Journal: International Journal of Materials Engineering Innovation (IJMATEI) 2023 Vol.14 No.2 pp.178 - 198 Abstract: The present work investigates the influence of process parameters on cold extrusion process. Die angle (DA), ram speed (RS) and coefficient of friction (CoF) are chosen as input parameters. The output responses are extrusion force, damage factor, work piece displacement and extrusion time. AA 2024 material is considered as work piece material. The input process parameters are subjected to three levels of variation. Numerical simulations are performed by using DEFORMTM-3D. The simulations are conducted as per L27 orthogonal array. The percentage of contribution of DA, RS and CoF on extrusion force, damage factor, work piece displacement and extrusion time are analysed by using analysis of variance (ANOVA). Multi variable optimisation also done by using grey relational analysis (GRA). From the individual analysis, it is noticed that DA and RS have significant influence on extrusion force and work piece displacement whereas CoF is insignificant. However, the CoF shows significant impact on damage factor and extrusion time. The highest grey relation grade is obtained for experiment conducted at the 27th. The optimum combination of process parameter for extrusion force, damage factor, work piece displacement and extrusion time are 30ºDA, 4.8 mm/min RS and 0.1 CoF. Inderscience Publishers - linking academia, business and industry through research

Title: Optimisation of cold extrusion process parameters on AA 2024 alloy using grey relational analysis

Authors: Kothasiri Anupama Francy; Chalamalasetti Srinivasa Rao

Addresses: Department of Mechanical Engineering, Vishnu Institute of Technology, Bhimavaram, West Godavari Dist., Andhra Pradesh, 534202, India ' Department of Mechanical Engineering, Andhra University College of Engineering, Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, 530003, India

Abstract: The present work investigates the influence of process parameters on cold extrusion process. Die angle (DA), ram speed (RS) and coefficient of friction (CoF) are chosen as input parameters. The output responses are extrusion force, damage factor, work piece displacement and extrusion time. AA 2024 material is considered as work piece material. The input process parameters are subjected to three levels of variation. Numerical simulations are performed by using DEFORM^TM-3D. The simulations are conducted as per L₂₇ orthogonal array. The percentage of contribution of DA, RS and CoF on extrusion force, damage factor, work piece displacement and extrusion time are analysed by using analysis of variance (ANOVA). Multi variable optimisation also done by using grey relational analysis (GRA). From the individual analysis, it is noticed that DA and RS have significant influence on extrusion force and work piece displacement whereas CoF is insignificant. However, the CoF shows significant impact on damage factor and extrusion time. The highest grey relation grade is obtained for experiment conducted at the 27th. The optimum combination of process parameter for extrusion force, damage factor, work piece displacement and extrusion time are 30ºDA, 4.8 mm/min RS and 0.1 CoF.

Keywords: AA 2024; extrusion force; grey relational analysis; GRA; die angle; DA; ram speed; RS; and coefficient of friction; CoF; displacement.

DOI: 10.1504/IJMATEI.2023.130139

International Journal of Materials Engineering Innovation, 2023 Vol.14 No.2, pp.178 - 198

Received: 16 Mar 2022
Accepted: 25 May 2022
Published online: 05 Apr 2023 *

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Title: Optimisation of cold extrusion process parameters on AA 2024 alloy using grey relational analysis

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