Title: Bird's eye view of the global dairy industry: overview of milk-producing countries, dairy processes and cost comparison

Authors: Amulya Gurtu; Prafulla Salunke; Tushar Kanti Debnath

Addresses: Department of Business Administration, Austin E. Cofrin School of Business, University of Wisconsin-Green Bay, 2420 Nicolet Dr., Green Bay, WI, 54311, USA ' Dairy and Food Science Department, South Dakota State University, Alfred Dairy Science Hall 113G, Brookings, SD, 57007, USA ' Department of Management Studies, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Uttarakhand – 247667, India

Abstract: This paper studied the dairy industry in top milk-producing countries. It compares the structure and operations of the dairy industry in these countries. It also discusses factors affecting milk productivity, such as weather, environment, food, and dairy conditions. Different milk production and handling processes have been summarised to provide a comprehensive idea of the existing dairy industry in different countries. Dairies in high-income countries, such as Switzerland, the USA, and New Zealand, have a high number of cows per farm, a higher degree of automation, and high milk productivity. This research is based on secondary data and is limited to the top five milk-producing countries: Switzerland, the USA, India, New Zealand, and Brazil. A systemic approach to improving productivity in agrarian economies, where milk is a source of income and nutrition, would improve social sustainability.

Keywords: dairy industry; milk production; milk processing; dairy economics; top milk producing countries.

DOI: 10.1504/IJARGE.2023.133330

International Journal of Agricultural Resources, Governance and Ecology, 2023 Vol.19 No.1, pp.22 - 40

Received: 24 Jun 2022
Accepted: 09 Feb 2023
Published online: 12 Sep 2023 *

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