Title: A validation of a multidimensional cyberloafing scale using partial least squares structural equation modelling

Authors: Kian Yeik Koay; Pang Kiam Lim; Wei Ying Chong

Addresses: Department of Marketing, Sunway University, 47500 Bandar Sunway, Selangor, Malaysia ' Graduate School of Business, SEGi University, Jalan Teknologi, Kota Damansara, 47810 Petaling Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia ' Graduate School of Business, SEGi University, Jalan Teknologi, Kota Damansara, 47810 Petaling Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia

Abstract: The purpose of this research is to validate the cyberloafing scale proposed by Akbulut et al. (2016). Specifically, the reliability, validity, and dimensionality of the cyberloafing scale are assessed using partial least squares structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM). An online survey was administered to employees working in public listed companies in Malaysia (n = 255), who have a personal computer and internet access at the workplace. SmartPLS 3 software was used to validate the cyberloafing scale. The findings showed that the cyberloafing scale by Akbulut et al. (2016) was comprehensive, valid, and reliable. All items loaded appropriately on their assigned dimension constructs; thus, proving construct validity. Each dimension construct showed high internal consistency, where their average variance extracted values were greater than 0.5; thus, proving reliability and convergent validity. Based on the results from a confirmatory tetrad analysis, it should be modelled as a reflective-formative construct. Future studies are highly encouraged to use this scale. Overall, the cyberloafing scale by Akbulut et al. (2016) is a valid and reliable instrument that can be used formally to assess employees' cyberloafing behaviour.

Keywords: cyberloafing; cyberslacking; PLS-SEM; scale validation; construct validity; convergent validity; confirmatory tetrad analysis; higher-order analysis; Malaysia.

DOI: 10.1504/IJBIS.2023.133512

International Journal of Business Information Systems, 2023 Vol.44 No.1, pp.24 - 39

Received: 20 Apr 2020
Accepted: 19 Aug 2020
Published online: 19 Sep 2023 *

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