Title: A liveness detection system for sclera biometric applications

Authors: Sumanta Das; Ishita De Ghosh; Abir Chattopadhyay

Addresses: University of Engineering and Management, University Area, Plot No. III – B/5, Action Area-III, Newtown, Kolkata, 700160, India ' Barrackpore Rastraguru Surendranath College, 6, Riverside Road & 85, Middle Road, Barrackpore, North 24 Parganas, 700120, India ' University of Engineering and Management, University Area, Plot No. III – B/5, Action Area-III, Newtown, Kolkata, 700160, India

Abstract: Liveness detection systems are essential to test whether a biometric sample is from a live person. However, liveness detection for sclera biometric applications has not yet been investigated much. In a sensor-based approach, subjects are requested to view at specified directions. A gaze detection model LivGaze is proposed to verify whether the actual gaze direction matches with the requested one. A mismatch indicates an incorrect user response and hence a probable spoofing attack. In a feature-based approach, deep model LivDense is proposed for presentation attack detection. Three types of fake images are used for our work, namely, images scanned from printed papers, smart-phone display screens, and computer display screens. The two phases in a pipeline can be combined to form a system named LivSclera, which is efficient and cost-effective. We have achieved an average-case AUC of 0.987, accuracy of 0.99, and in the best-case 100% correct classifications on MASDUM dataset.

Keywords: biometric; liveness; spoofing; sclera; PAD; LivGaze; LivDense; LivSclera; MASDUM; SBVPI.

DOI: 10.1504/IJBM.2023.133956

International Journal of Biometrics, 2023 Vol.15 No.6, pp.645 - 664

Received: 16 Feb 2022
Accepted: 21 Jul 2022
Published online: 06 Oct 2023 *

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