Title: Robust control of frequency considering operations of AC microgrid in islanded mode

Authors: Sanjiv Kumar Jain; Shweta Agrawal

Addresses: Electrical Engineering Department, Medi-Caps University, Indore, M.P., 453331, India ' Indore Institute of Science and Technology, Indore, India

Abstract: Modelling and control of an autonomous microgrid with both governable and non-governable sources is discussed in this paper. Power sources utilised in microgrid are solar, wind, fuel cell (FC) and diesel-based generator (DG). Batteries, flywheels (FW), and aqua electrolyses (AE) are used as energy storage elements. Recently, due to the increased penetration of non-inertial distributed generations in the microgrid, frequency deviation has become a matter of concern. If the loading conditions and active power generation changes unexpectedly, then the power system frequency would deviate largely. The output of the flywheel, battery, diesel generator, FC, and aqua electrolyser is regulated using the proportional-integral-differential (PID) controller. In this paper, a novel mathematical framework is proposed to tune PID controllers. For zero frequency deviations in steady state, optimum values of proportional, differential, and integral gain coefficients are proposed. The importance of the proposed scheme is to achieve better steady state frequency response.

Keywords: diesel generator; frequency regulation; microgrid; PID control; renewable energy sources.

DOI: 10.1504/IJESMS.2024.135114

International Journal of Engineering Systems Modelling and Simulation, 2024 Vol.15 No.1, pp.1 - 10

Received: 31 Oct 2021
Accepted: 04 Feb 2022
Published online: 01 Dec 2023 *