Title: Culture and education as factors affecting entrepreneurship in Spain: an analysis of expert opinion

Authors: Jesús García-Álvarez; Ana Vázquez-Rodríguez; Daniel Sáez-Gambín

Addresses: Department of Pedagogy and Didactics, Faculty of Educational Sciences, University of Santiago de Compostela, Spain ' Department of Pedagogy and Didactics, Faculty of Educational Sciences, University of Santiago de Compostela, Spain ' Department of Pedagogy and Didactics, Faculty of Educational Sciences, University of Santiago de Compostela, Spain

Abstract: This article focuses on the Spanish context, which is characterised by high rates of unemployment and social exclusion, in which entrepreneurship can drive innovation and economic growth. The objective was to analyse culture and education as factors affecting entrepreneurship from expert opinion on the subject. The study used the most recent data on Spain in the global entrepreneurship monitor (GEM) database. Following a descriptive analysis, quantitative analyses were performed using non-parametric tests. The results indicated that the experts were not optimistic that culture or education were factors that would encourage entrepreneurship. Our findings support the view that the evaluation of entrepreneurship is affected by variables such as gender, the type of degree obtained, and professional area. The findings of the study indicate the need to reinforce entrepreneurship education and training (EET) in order to compensate for social inequalities that affect the decision to start a business venture.

Keywords: entrepreneurship; entrepreneurship education and training; EET; culture; education and training systems; gender; degree type; professional area; global entrepreneurship monitor; GEM; national expert survey; Spain.

DOI: 10.1504/IJEED.2024.136198

International Journal of Education Economics and Development, 2024 Vol.15 No.1/2, pp.98 - 118

Received: 25 Feb 2022
Accepted: 06 Jun 2022
Published online: 22 Jan 2024 *

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