Title: Performance evaluation and direction of arrival estimation in diverse beamforming approaches for enhanced signal reception in wireless communication systems

Authors: Zareena Amin; Naresh Kumar; Subhash Chander Dubey

Addresses: University Institute of Engineering and Technology (UIET), Panjab University, Chandigarh, India ' University Institute of Engineering and Technology (UIET), Panjab University, Chandigarh, India ' Government College of Engineering and Technology (GCET), Jammu, Jammu and Kashmir, India

Abstract: The 5G technology has revolutionised the tech, delivering Gigabits per second speed. To fulfil the data demands of end-users seamlessly, advanced signal processing techniques have been implemented, such as zero forcing, diversity implementation, beamforming, etc. This article offers a comparative assessment of beamforming algorithms, including Minimum Variance Distortionless Response (MVDR), Beamscan, Multiple Signal Classification (MuSiC) and Linearly Constrained Minimum Variance (LCMV). The evaluation revolves around the Direction of Arrival (DoA) estimation for incoming signals, conducted under realistic conditions. Among the algorithms under scrutiny, the MuSiC algorithm exhibits superior performance. Therefore, we extend the scope of the discussion by including an in-depth analysis on the error performance of the MuSiC algorithm. Different factors that can impact the accuracy of the estimating procedure have been considered. Results depict that Signal-to-Noise ratio, Snapshot count and Array size positively correlate with estimation accuracy. Also, for coherent signals, an enhanced MuSiC algorithm is presented.

Keywords: array signal processing; beamforming algorithms; DoA estimation; MSE; mean square error; MuSiC algorithm.

DOI: 10.1504/IJWMC.2024.138850

International Journal of Wireless and Mobile Computing, 2024 Vol.26 No.4, pp.393 - 407

Received: 20 Feb 2023
Accepted: 02 Oct 2023
Published online: 31 May 2024 *

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