Title: Hierarchical agent-based MRSA transmission simulation model of university classrooms for risk assessment: mobility, contact, and cleaning

Authors: Yijie Chen; Md Tariqul Islam; Young-Jun Son; Marc Verhougstraete

Addresses: Systems and Industrial Engineering, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, 85721, USA ' School of Industrial Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47906, USA ' School of Industrial Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47906, USA ' The Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, 85724 USA

Abstract: Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a bacterium capable of triggering infections that range from minor to life-threatening. Surface hygiene is crucial to prevent MRSA transmission, especially in public places such as schools and university campuses where large numbers of people congregate and routinely contact shared surfaces. The current study developed hierarchical agent-based models that simulated human-behaviour-based characteristics, MRSA transmission dynamics, and student interactions in the university classroom settings. The micro-scale model focused on individual touch behaviours and other environmental factors influencing the transfer rate. The macro-scale level included cleaning and class schedules scenarios to inform policy. The models allow for the manipulation of critical components of MRSA transmission at the individual and classroom level. Results demonstrate the importance of hand sanitiser and twice weekly surface cleanings to control transmission rates. This study advances facilities and health management capacities by highlighting robust quantitative relationships among micro-activities, contamination levels, and infection risks.

Keywords: MRSA; methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus; agent-based simulation; fomite touch; university facility.

DOI: 10.1504/IJRAM.2023.139017

International Journal of Risk Assessment and Management, 2023 Vol.26 No.2, pp.160 - 174

Received: 06 Jul 2023
Accepted: 05 Mar 2024
Published online: 07 Jun 2024 *

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