Article: Nexus of Religion, Economic Model and Culture: Impacts on Moral Development Journal: Journal of Business and Management (JBM) 2021 Vol.27 No.2 pp.69 - 108 Abstract: Purpose - We explored the influence of religiosity on making moral decisions across countries with either post-communist or developed economies. People higher in religiosity and those from developed economies were expected to show cultural characteristics of universalism, conformity, and regard for tradition, as defined by Schwartz. Method - We used a multinational cross-sectional survey design to test our hypotheses. Specifically, we collected data from five countries with a total sample size of 1,229 participants. Findings - Significant main effects of religiosity and type of economy were found in the expected directions for both dependent variables. As expected, religiosity impacted Kohlberg's Stage 4 moral development (Law and Order Orientation) more than the other stages, thus revealing stronger adherence to Schwartz's cultural characteristics of universalism, conformity, and regard for tradition. Gender was not a significant variable in overall moral development but was significant in the level of moral development attained in Stage 4. Limitations - Limitations in this study include some operational and methodological issues. Given that there are issues with Kohlberg's original measure of moral development, we approached moral development through insight into one's values. Implications - These findings further inform managerial practices to effectively manage human resources in diverse economic, political, social, and cultural venues. Originality - This study utilizes a multinational data collection and includes two post-communist countries (i.e., Poland and Bulgaria) in the sample. Furthermore, we connect certain values with certain stages of moral development by associating Kohlberg's stages of moral development with Schwartz's model of values. Inderscience Publishers - linking academia, business and industry through research

Title: Nexus of Religion, Economic Model and Culture: Impacts on Moral Development

Authors: Marek Pawlak; Dinah Payne; Christy Corey; Matt Zingoni

Addresses: Author address listing can be found in the "About the Authors" section at the end of the article.

Abstract: Purpose - We explored the influence of religiosity on making moral decisions across countries with either post-communist or developed economies. People higher in religiosity and those from developed economies were expected to show cultural characteristics of universalism, conformity, and regard for tradition, as defined by Schwartz. Method - We used a multinational cross-sectional survey design to test our hypotheses. Specifically, we collected data from five countries with a total sample size of 1,229 participants. Findings - Significant main effects of religiosity and type of economy were found in the expected directions for both dependent variables. As expected, religiosity impacted Kohlberg's Stage 4 moral development (Law and Order Orientation) more than the other stages, thus revealing stronger adherence to Schwartz's cultural characteristics of universalism, conformity, and regard for tradition. Gender was not a significant variable in overall moral development but was significant in the level of moral development attained in Stage 4. Limitations - Limitations in this study include some operational and methodological issues. Given that there are issues with Kohlberg's original measure of moral development, we approached moral development through insight into one's values. Implications - These findings further inform managerial practices to effectively manage human resources in diverse economic, political, social, and cultural venues. Originality - This study utilizes a multinational data collection and includes two post-communist countries (i.e., Poland and Bulgaria) in the sample. Furthermore, we connect certain values with certain stages of moral development by associating Kohlberg's stages of moral development with Schwartz's model of values.

Keywords: Cross-cultural; moral development; values; religion; religiosity.

DOI: 10.1504/JBM.2021.141291

Journal of Business and Management, 2021 Vol.27 No.2, pp.69 - 108

Published online: 05 Sep 2024 *

Title: Nexus of Religion, Economic Model and Culture: Impacts on Moral Development

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