Title: Efficient multi-party quantum key agreement protocol based on new bell state encoding mode

Authors: Zexi Li; Kefan Cheng; Yan Sun; Hongfeng Zhu

Addresses: Software College, Shenyang Normal University, No. 253, Huang He Bei Street, Huang Gu District, Shenyang, 110034, China ' Software College, Shenyang Normal University, No. 253, Huang He Bei Street, Huang Gu District, Shenyang, 110034, China ' Software College, Shenyang Normal University, No. 253, Huang He Bei Street, Huang Gu District, Shenyang, 110034, China ' Software College, Shenyang Normal University, No. 253, Huang He Bei Street, Huang Gu District, Shenyang, 110034, China

Abstract: Although there are many quantum key agreement protocols currently in existence, they cannot be merged in terms of resource utilisation, efficiency, security, and other aspects, and there are also significant differences in the nature of two and more parties. Therefore, it is necessary to design a quantum key agreement protocol that can balance efficiency and security and is suitable for multiple participants. In view of this, this paper proposes a multi-party quantum key agreement protocol based on a new coding mode of bell state: temporary session keys are negotiated between adjacent participants, and then shared keys for all participants are negotiated through the exchange, conversion, and computation of quantum resources. During the implementation of the protocol, not only can the identity of the participants be authenticated, but also the quantum resources used are single, and the quantum operations performed are simple. Moreover, efficiency is fixed and does not decrease due to the increase of participants or quantum resources. In addition, the protocol also allows participants to dynamically join and leave. In terms of security, the protocol can resist most common quantum attacks. Under the existing quantum technology, this protocol is completely feasible.

Keywords: bell state encoding; multi-party; quantum key agreement; QKA; authentication.

DOI: 10.1504/IJICS.2024.142681

International Journal of Information and Computer Security, 2024 Vol.25 No.1/2, pp.18 - 30

Received: 12 Jan 2023
Accepted: 17 May 2023
Published online: 18 Nov 2024 *

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