Title: Alumina industrial waste management of red mud: a review

Authors: Dan Bahadur Pal; Amit Kumar Tiwari; Sumit Kumar Jana

Addresses: Department of Chemical Engineering, Harcourt Butler Technical University, Kanpur-208002, Uttar Pradesh, India ' Department of Chemical Engineering, Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra-835215, Ranchi, Jharkhand, India ' Department of Chemical Engineering, Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra-835215, Ranchi, Jharkhand, India

Abstract: Bauxite ores are digested with caustic soda to produce alumina and red mud is left as a solid waste product. Environmental worries about its disposal continue to be a global problem. Many academics have put forth much effort over the years to create different, cost-effective ways to use red mud. The 2 to 4 tons of red mud could be ejected for every ton of alumina produced. This essay offers an analysis of red mud's extensive use around the globe. Worldwide, enormous amounts of red mud are produced each year, creating a very significant and worrying environmental issue. This essay discusses red mud and characterisation concerning the global and Indian contexts. It provides a thorough analysis of red mud neutralisation and disposal techniques and a detailed evaluation of the work done up to this point to use red mud in various sectors. Red mud's chemical and mineralogical features are outlined.

Keywords: red mud; utilisation; cement; brick; mining.

DOI: 10.1504/IJMME.2024.142844

International Journal of Mining and Mineral Engineering, 2024 Vol.15 No.4, pp.396 - 415

Received: 09 Mar 2024
Accepted: 10 Jul 2024
Published online: 28 Nov 2024 *

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