Title: Microalgae: a review of classification, roles and applications

Authors: Seon Hamer; Temitope D. Timothy Oyedotun; Marianela Cobos Ruiz

Addresses: Department of Environmental Studies (DoES), Faculty of Earth and Environmental Sciences (FEES), University of Guyana, P.O. Box 10 1110, Turkeyen Campus, Greater Georgetown, Guyana ' Department of Geography, Faculty of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Guyana, P.O. Box 10 1110, Turkeyen Campus, Greater Georgetown, Guyana ' Laboratorio de Investigacion de Productos Naturales Antiparasitarios de la Amazonia (LIPNAA), Universidad Nacional de la Amazonía Peruana (UNAP), Pasaje Los Paujiles s/n, AA.HH., Nuevo San Lorenzo, Iquitos, Peru

Abstract: Microalgae are crucial to ecosystems as autotrophic foundations. Research has primarily focused on their biotechnological applications, alongside studies on taxonomy, physiology, and ecology. This review synthesises information from reputable sources, including review papers and peer-reviewed articles, to provide an updated overview of microalgae classification, roles, and applications. Despite over 10,000 studies advancing microalgae knowledge, significant research gaps persist. This paper highlights legislative, scientific, socio-cultural, and economic challenges hindering microalgae research but also identifies opportunities for biofuel production, bioremediation, and carbon capture. These opportunities could shift economies from exploiting wild marine resources to creating additional income for coastal and rural communities. Future microalgae research may address global issues like food security, climate change, and water contamination. This study underscores the potential of commercialising microalgae for their bioactive compounds and their role in sustainable development.

Keywords: classification; diversity; industrial applications; microalgae.

DOI: 10.1504/IER.2025.143618

Interdisciplinary Environmental Review, 2025 Vol.24 No.1, pp.36 - 63

Received: 10 May 2024
Accepted: 28 Jun 2024
Published online: 02 Jan 2025 *

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