Title: CO₂ mitigation with thermal energy storage

Authors: Halime Paksoy, Hunay Evliya, Saziye Bozdag, Muhsin Mazman, Yeliz Konuklu, Bekir Turgut, Ozgul Gok, Metin Yilmaz, Selma Yilmaz, Beyza Beyhan

Addresses: Chemistry Department, Cukurova University, 01330, Adana, Turkey. ' Chemistry Department, Cukurova University, 01330, Adana, Turkey. ' Geological Engineering Department, Cukurova University, 01330, Adana, Turkey. ' TUBITAK MAM, Energy Institute, Gebze/Kocaeli-Turkey. ' Chemistry Department, Cukurova University, 01330, Adana, Turkey. ' Geological Engineering Department, Cukurova University, 01330, Adana, Turkey. ' Chemistry Department, Cukurova University, 01330, Adana, Turkey. ' Chemistry Department, Cukurova University, 01330, Adana, Turkey. ' Chemistry Department, Cukurova University, 01330, Adana, Turkey.' Chemistry Department, Cukurova University, 01330, Adana, Turkey

Abstract: Thermal Energy Storage (TES) provides us with a flexible heating and/or cooling tool to combat global warming through conserving energy while utilising natural renewable energy resources. This paper aims to show how CO₂ emissions can be decreased by utilising different TES concepts in Turkey. The first project is for the heating and cooling of a supermarket using Aquifer Thermal Energy Storage (ATES) in Mersin. With a 60% higher Coefficient of Performance (COP), the yearly CO₂ emissions reduction contribution of this project is 113 tonnes. The second project concerns ATES for the heating and cooling of a greenhouse in Adana. The greenhouse was used as a |solar collector| and source of energy for the ATES system. No fossil fuels were consumed for heating the greenhouse and cooling was made possible with the ATES system. Energy conservation amounted to 68% and CO₂ emissions were reduced by 26 tonnes/year. The third one is a pilot project using TES in micro-encapsulated phase change materials in a test cabin in Adana with a floor area of 4 m². By using a 3.5 kg Phase Change Material (PCM) together with insulation panels in the test cabin, 7% cooling energy and 28% heating energy can be conserved. The corresponding CO₂ emissions reduction would be 0.5 tonnes/year.

Keywords: global warming; renewable energy; thermal energy storage; TES; CO2 mitigation; carbon dioxide; energy conservation; Turkey; aquifers; supermarkets; heating; cooling; CO2 emissions; greenhouses; solar collectors; phase change materials.

DOI: 10.1504/IJGW.2009.027093

International Journal of Global Warming, 2009 Vol.1 No.1/2/3, pp.253 - 269

Published online: 14 Jul 2009 *

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