Title: Characterisation of arsenic contamination in groundwater by statistical methods
Authors: A.H.M. Faisal Anwar; Nur-E-Kawonine
Addresses: Department of Civil Engineering, Curtin University, GPO Box U1987, Perth WA 6845, Australia. ' PWD Design Division-1, Public Works Department, Purto Bhaban, Segunbagicha, Dhaka-1000, Bangladesh
Abstract: Statistical investigation on groundwater arsenic concentration data of southwest Bangladesh was performed. Two data sets of 1998-99 and 2002-03 were selected for this analysis. Summary statistics of the data shows that the mean concentration exceeds the Bangladesh limit (0.05 mg/l) in all areas. Normality of arsenic concentration data was checked by frequency histogram, skewness coefficient and chi-square goodness-of-fit test and found that the arsenic contamination is not normally distributed. The data were checked for spatial distribution by plotting contour maps and it shows substantial spatial variation. Temporal variability was tested by student's t-test and found that the area closer to the confluence of Ganges-Meghna-Jamuna river showing significant temporal variation. Vertical variability of arsenic contamination shows that more than 80-90% of the shallow aquifer ( < 150 m) are contaminated with arsenic ( > 0.05 mg/l). Though deep aquifer ( < 150 m) is still considered as arsenic free but 1-3% of deep tubewells water was also found contaminated with arsenic.
Keywords: arsenic contamination; groundwater pollution; water pollution; water quality; Bangladesh; arsenic concentration; statistical analysis.
DOI: 10.1504/IJGENVI.2012.049387
International Journal of Global Environmental Issues, 2012 Vol.12 No.2/3/4, pp.302 - 317
Accepted: 21 Mar 2012
Published online: 28 Aug 2014 *