Title: Social bonds: migration and comparative analysis of remitting behaviour between Pakistani and Indian diaspora

Authors: Muhammad Zubair; Dieter Bögenhold

Addresses: Sociology Department, Institute for Sociology, Alpen Adria University, Universitätsstr. 65-67, 9020 Klagenfurt, Austria ' Sociology Department, Institute for Sociology, Alpen Adria University, Universitätsstr. 65-67, 9020 Klagenfurt, Austria

Abstract: Migration is a global phenomenon and has gained worldwide recognition for its socioeconomic impacts on host and home country. According to the literature, one of the most important emanations of migration are remittances. They facilitate poverty reduction, education improvement, entrepreneurial investments and even the economic evolution of the home state. Globally, India and Pakistan are in the top ten money receiving-countries. This paper provides an overview about migration, and the worldwide remittance flow of migrants from India and Pakistan to their home countries. We sought to make a nonlinear model by dividing remittance per person with the number of immigrants from India and Pakistan worldwide, also focusing on the ratio of male and female immigrants in the population. The results show that remittances change exponentially over the years. This increase is stronger in the case of India than Pakistan and, more interestingly, gender ratios have influenced remittances per year.

Keywords: migration; immigrant; immigration; remittance; gender; finance; diaspora; entrepreneurship; Pakistan; India.

DOI: 10.1504/IJBG.2018.094969

International Journal of Business and Globalisation, 2018 Vol.21 No.2, pp.180 - 192

Received: 04 Jan 2017
Accepted: 03 Mar 2017
Published online: 28 Sep 2018 *