International Journal of Education Economics and Development (31 papers in press)

Regular Issues

• Understanding e-book continuance intention among students in a developing country: the role of relative advantage, satisfaction and e-reading habits
  by Duong Luu Thi Thuy, Van Nguyen Thi, Binh Do Thi 
  Abstract: Regarding as a cutting-edge, digital reading method and as a teaching tool for students, e-books are increasingly invested by several of Vietnam’s higher educational institutions in the effort to encourage students to switch to and continue reading e-books in light of the 4.0 revolution. This study proposes a research model that integrates. The hierarchy of effects model (HEM) and diffusion of innovation theory (DIT) to examine e-book continuance intention among students in a developing country. The partial least squares structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM) method validates the causal model. This study confirms the mediating role of satisfaction and reading habits in the relative advantage and continuance intention relationship and a significant direct impact of relative advantage on e-reading habits. The study’s findings substantially impact students’ behaviour with reference to future book utilisation and highlight several implications for Vietnam’s publishers.
  Keywords: e-book; continuance intention; satisfaction; relative advantage; e-reading habits.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJEED.2025.10059243
   
  
• Human capital and job seekers: which is faster to work, vocational colleges or university? Indonesian experience
  by Padang Wicaksono, Debrina Ferezagia, Ida Ayu Wayan Regita Iswari Puri 
  Abstract: Students can continue their studies at vocational colleges or universities after graduating high school. Which is faster to work, an associate’s or bachelor’s degree? It is ironic when vocational education aims to produce a skilled and competent workforce, but the unemployment rate in Indonesia is dominated by vocational education. The non-absorption of human resources from vocational education graduates can trigger employment problems. This study compares the duration of time getting a job among vocational and university graduates. The analytical method used is multilevel survival analysis and two-step Heckman. The reason is the demand for high wages and specific types of work. Based on the results of the multilevel survival analysis and Heakman’s two-step, it can be concluded that fresh graduates with associate degrees have a longer duration of looking for work than fresh graduates with bachelor’s. The reason is the demand for high wages and specific types of work.
  Keywords: human capital; job seeker; vocational colleges; universities; bachelor’s degree; associate’s degree; Indonesia.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJEED.2025.10061204
   
  
• Government financial assistance in higher education: An empirical analysis of efficiency in Australian universities  
  by Thi Thanh Dung Tran, Jerrie Ngoc Nhu Binh Tran 
  Abstract: Government financial assistance (GFA) plays an important role in higher education to facilitate the process of teaching, learning and research of staff and students. However, very little has known about efficiency of using GFA in higher education. This paper aims to investigate efficiency of using GFA in Australian universities in the context of substantial variation in public funding distribution. The stochastic frontier input requirement model was developed to measure efficiency of using GFA for 2009-2016. The findings reveal that the overall efficiency of using GFA on average at 0.956, implying a high level of efficiency in using public funding. However, bigger is not better in the performance of universities through using GFA. In addition, contextual factors potentially influence temporary transient efficiency (0.974), other than long-term managerial efficiency (0.982) decomposed from the overall efficiency index of GFA. Some suggestions are made for more appropriate solutions to funding distribution in Australian universities.
  Keywords: Australia; higher education institution; long-term efficiency; transient efficiency; government financial assistance; GFA; stochastic frontier analysis; SFA.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJEED.2025.10061451
   
  
• Assessing the students’ digitalization at country level by building a composite index based on PISA 2018  
  by Maria Veronica Alderete 
  Abstract: This paper contributes to measuring ICT (Information and Communication Technologies) adoption by students and compares it among different countries. A composite index named students digitalisation index (SDI) is built based on the 2018 PISA database and by applying multivariate statistical techniques. The index assesses ICT adoption beyond equipment acquisition (ICT access) and activities performed by using ICT (ICT use) and includes students’ perception of their digital skills and competencies (ICT engagement). A digital gap between countries was detected. Statistically significant mean differences are observed in terms of type of country, household income, gender, grade repetition, and parents’ highest education. There are no other composite indexes to compare students’ digitalisation among countries. The SDI index is useful to explain the consequences of mass quarantine due to COVID-19 in the educational field. Countries with a low SDI are expected to suffer more as they are less prepared for virtual education.
  Keywords: digital gap; students’ digitalisation; education; ICT adoption; PISA; composite index.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJEED.2025.10061452
   
  
• The current state and long-term development forecasts of doctoral education: a case study of Armenia  
  by Ruzanna Shushanyan, Maria Ohanyan, Anush Sargsyan, Shushanik Sargsyan 
  Abstract: Across a wide variety of global contexts, the role of higher education is exceptionally important for sustainable economic development Therefore, the implementation of educational reforms to support integrative and internationally-oriented doctoral studies is one of the most important challenges for policymakers. This study aims to investigate the current state of doctoral education in Armenia and trends found within, touching upon the socioeconomic disparities, gender inequalities, and policy issues of doctoral education in Armenia for the last decade following the collapse of the Soviet Union mainly focusing on 2012-2021 period. The results of this study indicate the need for the implementation of long-awaited reforms regarding R&D growth, flexible management of doctoral research, student assessment, licensing, and international accreditation in doctoral education. This study may be useful for scholars, policymakers, and experts who investigate the issues of scientific and educational systems across the state and global contexts.
  Keywords: education policy; Europeanization; doctoral education; PhD; R&D; thesis; Armenia.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJEED.2025.10061514
   
  
• Employer perception on graduate employability: evidence from Uttar Pradesh  
  by Mohd Malik, Kulsoom Raza, Irsad ., Ranjana Singh 
  Abstract: The current paper is an attempt to understand the skill gap and foreseen job market skills needed. Thus, following the set of objectives and review of the literature, 13 types of skills relevant to employment were identified and classified into three categories: technical skills, non-technical skills, and behavioural skills. Out of the 13 talents chosen by businesses, technical skills in graduates were deemed the most significant, followed by skill flexibility. Students and HR executives were asked to rate all talents on a Likert scale of 1 (least essential) to 5 (most important) using structured questionnaires (most important). There is a gap between the required and apparent abilities of graduates, resulting in poor performance of employees in new workplaces. Graduate foreign language skills have a 0.45 gap, while conceptualising skills have a 0.44 difference. Academic excellence and numeric skills have the smallest difference, with a 0.11 index value. This highlights the importance of identifying the most crucial talents for employers.
  Keywords: behavioural skills education; employability; non-technical skills; skills gap; technical skills graduate employability.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJEED.2025.10061882
   
  
• Job discrimination or false wage gap in the current century? An analysis of graduates of the Faculty of Agricultural Economics.  
  by Rina Bucaram-Leverone, Victor Quinde-Rosales, Francisco Quinde-Rosales, Pamela Vera- Pianda 
  Abstract: Wage equality continues to be a problem to be solved in the world and an utopia in most Latin American countries, including Ecuador, which considers and establishes gender as a conditioning factor in labour market insertion. In this regard, the present study aims to analyse the salary differences among graduates of the Faculty of Agricultural Economics based on the observable characteristics of individuals. Using the Mincerian equation, together with the Heckman bias correction and the Oaxaca-Blinder decomposition, we intend to demonstrate the existence of wage disparities. The results indicate the existence of a salary difference between graduates of around 52% in favour of the male gender, of which only 44% of the disparity is explained by factors attributable to human capital endowment.
  Keywords: discrimination; wage disparity; labour market.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJEED.2025.10061921
   
  
• Sustainable development and blended learning in accounting education  
  by Chara Kottara, Dimitra Kavalieraki-Foka, Fragiskos Gonidakis, Sofia Asonitou, Apostolos Zaridis, Vasiliki Brinia 
  Abstract: In recent decades, the scientific community has focused on sustainable development, as there are concerns about economic, social, and environmental resources. One of the key sustainability goals is Sustainable Development Goal (SDG 4) focusing on the quality of education both lifelong and university education where it is oriented towards free access, non-discriminatory, increasing the prospects for enhancing employment, entrepreneurship, and the acquisition of skills through new educational teaching methods that promote sustainable principles. The exploration of sustainable teaching approaches is inextricably linked to blended learning practices, which promote sustainability through the management of educational resources and the reduction of educational costs. Even today there is a limited number of published studies, where this academic study attempts to elucidate and reduce this gap by investigating blended learning in accounting courses through a literature review in order to identify any potential for sustainable development in academic environment.
  Keywords: sustainable development; blended learning; accounting education; university; sustainability perspective.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJEED.2025.10062903
   
  
• The price of progress: how much are households spending on shadow education in India?  
  by Pushpendra Singh, Archana Singh 
  Abstract: This study examines the factors driving the growth of private coaching institutes in India and their impact on educational equity and accessibility. Using data from the National Sample Survey Organization (NSSO), specifically the 75th round of 20172018. The result indicates that private coaching is more prevalent among students from urban areas, affluent households, and upper-caste families. However, coaching expenses, comprising 15.2% of total educational expenses, pose a significant financial burden on students in rural areas. The study underscores the importance for policymakers, educators, and families to address the challenge of accessing educational coaching and managing the financial strain on students and their households. Furthermore, it suggests that the proliferation of private coaching centres may worsen existing disparities in educational opportunities and perpetuate cycles of inequality.
  Keywords: private coaching institutes; educational equity; shadows education; education expenditure; India.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJEED.2025.10064376
   
  
• Education financing: a bibliometric survey of educational spending  
  by P.D. Singh, Abhinav Chandel, Deepti Semwal, Abhishek Kumar Singh 
  Abstract: Education financing is a new concept to improve education quality. Until now, however, no study has provided a comprehensive review of this field. To overcome this gap, we postulate a comprehensive overview of educational expenditure using bibliometric analysis technology. Using Co-citation analysis, we have concluded the knowledge and thematic structure of educational funding for 2001-2020. The results help researchers identify appropriate levels of emphasis on education financing. The scope of the present study is restricted to the bibliographical examination of biographical information obtained exclusively from the Scopus database. Furthermore, since only one of these quality papers is listed, future research may be conducted using merged bibliography data from Scopus and Web of Science. To better understand the research paradigm from high-quality publications, future research can use only bibliographic analyses of articles listed on the SCI, SSCI, and ABDC lists.
  Keywords: education; public spending; education spending; education policy; higher education; bibliometric analysis; financing on education.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJEED.2025.10064814
   
  
• Remittance and financial development: a comparison between highly- and less-educated migrants  
  by Md Abdur Rahman Forhad, Gazi Mahabubul Alam, Vesna Skrbinjek 
  Abstract: While many studies explored the impact of remittances on recipient countries’ economic development, this study uniquely investigates a comparative analysis between highly-educated and less-educated migrants on financial development. This study uses macro-level data from the World Development Indicators and employs an instrumental variable approach. Findings indicate that remittance generally boosts the financial development of recipient countries, with remittances from low-educated migrants promoting better financial inclusion. To ensure a sustainable positive impact of remittance from both groups of migrants on financial development, easing domestic and international policies related to foreign employment and investment opportunities is important.
  Keywords: remittances; highly-educated migrants; low-educated migrants; financial development.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJEED.2025.10065155
   
  
• Unveiling the impact of abusive supervision on life satisfaction in Indian higher education: a trust-breaking phenomenon  
  by Manisha Singh 
  Abstract: The purpose of this study is to examine the linkages between abusive supervision, emotional exhaustion, and life satisfaction. In addition, we aim to investigate whether external social support moderates the effects of abusive supervision on life satisfaction. The sample of the study comprised 255 academic staff from the higher education institution of Jaipur Data were collected using a self-administered questionnaire and collected in three waves. Hypotheses were tested with structural equation modelling to verify the proposed linkage in the study. We found that abusive supervision leads to emotional exhaustion that, in turn, negatively predicts life satisfaction. Furthermore, external social support attenuates the impacts of abusive supervision on life satisfaction. We contribute to the literature by demonstrating that sustained exposure to abusive supervision affects subordinates’ life satisfaction indirectly through emotional exhaustion, and that the positive impacts of abusive supervision and emotional exhaustion on life satisfaction are weaker among individuals who are.
  Keywords: abusive supervision; emotional exhaustion; life satisfaction; external social support; higher education; India.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJEED.2025.10065620
   
  
• The impacts of technology and human capital on Malaysias multifactor productivity  
  by Noorazeela Zainol Abidin, Ng Wei Jian 
  Abstract: Despite rising tertiary education in Malaysia, MFP growth remains unaffected, and the increasing number of skilled workers has not significantly influenced MFP. As Malaysia moves toward Industrial Revolution 4.0, low R&D expenditure continues to hinder productivity. This study aims to analyse the impacts of technology and human capital on MFP from 1990 to 2021 using the ARDL method. The findings reveal that R&D positively affects MFP in both the short and long run. High-skilled labour has a positive impact in the long run but a negative one in the short run. Education positively influences MFP in the short run but negatively in the long run. Policymakers should prioritise enhancing the education system by introducing more initiatives and support. Additionally, the government should provide subsidies for employers to promote skill-enhancing training programs and increase R&D spending to foster innovation. These measures will drive productivity growth and technological advancement in Malaysia.
  Keywords: human capital; technology; multifactor productivity; MFP; skill labour; Malaysia.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJEED.2025.10066624
   
  
• National university systems as agents for regional development: the Brazilian case  
  by W. E. Hewitt  
  Abstract: Post-secondary institutions in the Global South are playing an increasingly important role in the regional development process, providing educational services and training to citizens, developing important policy levers, and by supporting research and innovation. At the same time, such interventions within regional economies have been relatively uneven, and dependent upon the particular strengths and ambitions of regional institutions. Based upon an in-depth analysis of Brazil’s extensive federal university network, this study attempts to move beyond current understandings within the literature to shed additional light on the factors that could help determine the effectiveness of the regional university’s development function particularly in a context of uneven regional growth. Specifically, it examines which elements of the national university system are effectively capable of undertaking this role, and then for these, how investments in post-secondary education have positioned federal universities to achieve this end. The study concludes that despite strong national policy incentives, significant challenges remain in the development of a national system that can fully address the needs and aspirations of Brazil’s less affluent regions.
  Keywords: Brazil; federal universities; regional development; post-secondary institutions.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJEED.2025.10066651
   
  
• Whistleblowing, fraud and forensic accounting subjects: a perception of accounting students in East Java, Indonesia  
  by Saarce Elsye Hatane, Juan Michael, Agustino Leo Sutanto, Hendri Kwistianus, Hatane Semuel 
  Abstract: This study aims to ascertain the factors that influence students’ attitudes towards engaging in or refraining from whistleblowing and the factors that contribute to the incorporation of fraud and forensic accounting subjects. This study employs a survey-based approach from 101 active accounting students from East Java, Indonesia universities, focusing on the Surabaya area and its surrounding regions. The integration variable of forensic accounting topics in the curriculum includes three indicators. The student perception variable includes six indicators related to forensic accounting topics. Four indicators are formulated to identify the variables motivating students to whistleblowing. Four indicators explain the factors that discourage students from engaging in whistleblowing. This study highlights the significance of implementing an accounting curriculum to adequately train future accountants in effectively combating fraud. Future studies can utilise these indicators to examine the influence between variables and other pertinent causal relationships.
  Keywords: forensic accounting; fraud; whistleblowing; accounting curriculum; Indonesia.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJEED.2025.10066800
   
  
• The perceptions of experience and satisfaction after the implementation of the electronic information system SEI at the Federal Institute of Rondonia  
  by Ana Paula Camarinha , António Abreu, Marcelo Tenório Matos Junior 
  Abstract: The Federal Institute of Rondonia IFRO has been using 2017, the Electronic Information System SEI for the execution of administrative activities. This research sought to analyse the perceptions of experience and satisfaction of employees separating them into two groups: employees of the institution who participated in the implementation of the system and employees who entered the institution after the implementation of the system. This quantitative and exploratory research used a questionnaire to collect the data. The respondents were separated into two groups, with the time of work in the institution as a milestone. To compare the groups, the Mann-Whitney test (U test) was used, where it was possible to observe that there was no significant difference between the two groups in the construct ‘experience’ and there was a difference in the construct ‘ satisfaction’ , which suggests concluding that employees perceive satisfaction differently from the group in which they are inserted.
  Keywords: information system; satisfaction analysis; experience; digital transformation.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJEED.2025.10067321
   
  
• The effectiveness of a gamification-based training program in developing some social communication skills of students with autism spectrum disorder  
  by Worud Awamleh 
  Abstract: This study examined the effectiveness of a gamification-based training program in developing the social communication skills of students with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). To achieve the objectives of the study, the researcher prepared a training program based on gamification in developing some social communication skills, a test to measure some social communication skills, and a post-measuring test to measure the students' performance level at the end of the training program. The study followed the comparative descriptive approach due to its suitability to the objectives of the study. The results of the study indicated the effectiveness of the gamification-based program in developing some social communication skills among the study sample. The use of a gamification strategy has increased the development of some social communication skills in the post-achievement academic test as a whole compared to the traditional method.
  Keywords: effectiveness; gamification; social communication skills; autism spectrum disorder; ASD.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJEED.2025.10067323
   
  
• “Digital teaching revolution: bridging the gap with tech self-efficacy and citizenship” empowering teachers through innovative digital resources  
  by Shamrao Parashram Ghodake, Vinod R. Malkar, Ankita Pathak, Radhika Gandhi Shah, Rakesh Sarvaiya, Mohhammedshakil S. Malek, Ravi Rajai 
  Abstract: Technological innovation is crucial in educational settings, particularly in incorporating online classrooms for student development and fostering a virtual learning environment. Educational institutions urge teachers to become proficient in using technology to increase instruction effectiveness. The main objective of study was to find out the impact of digital resources, digital citizenship and teachers technological self-efficacy on teachers teaching experience. This researcher employed a cross-sectional survey methodology by employing a quantitative methodology. Data was collected from 615 respondents working as academicians at various designations in public and private university in various cities of Gujarat state. The results show that Organisational digital resources may help teachers use technology successfully by fostering collaboration, curating content, offering technical assistance, stimulating digital civics, and streamlining input and assessments. Implementing digital citizenship allows educators to adapt in the digital realm more effectively. According to the results, teachers with high self-efficacy in digital citizenship are more likely to model appropriate technological savvy behaviour, which leads to enhanced self-confidence and trust in lecture deliverance, eventually overriding digital citizenship in their teaching approaches. The final results show that teachers’ technological self-efficacy boosts self-confidence, enabling more effective work, leading to increased trust and self-efficacy, overpowering digital citizenship.
  Keywords: educational digital resources; EDRs; digital citizenship; teachers teaching experience; teachers teaching self-efficacy.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJEED.2026.10068068
   
  

Special Issue on: Digital Transformation in Education A Paradigm Shift in Teaching Learning Methods

• Enhancing innovation performance in the Latin America and Caribbean region: evidence, proposals, and improvement strategies from the case of Brazil  
  by Paulo Vinicius Petriz Maciel Monteiro , Fábio De Oliveira Paula, David Nunes Resende, Branca Regina Cantisano Dos Santos e Silva , Carlos Eduardo De Andrade Lima Da Rocha, Jorge Ferreira Da Silva, Murilo De Alencar Souza Oliveira 
  Abstract: The Global Innovation Index (GII) serves as a benchmark for assessing an economy’s innovation performance and systems, as well as informing policies. Despite recent post-pandemic progress, the literature highlights Brazil’s unsatisfactory innovation performance that needs improvement. This research investigates the factors that significantly impacted Brazil’s innovation performance from 2011 to 2020 (pre-pandemic period), examining GII ranking data. The study highlights significant weak and strategic points for growth, outlined across four pillars, ten sub-pillars, and 34 indicators, emphasising the need to invest in enhancement across ‘institutions’, ‘market sophistication’, ‘creative outputs’, and ‘human capital and research’. These insights guide stakeholders and policymakers, not only within Brazil’s innovation system but also for others seeking to replicate this approach. Ultimately, the study recommends and suggests strategies and improvement actions aimed at fortifying and fostering a more conducive environment for innovation in the economy, as well as addressing relevant topics for future research.
  Keywords: Brazil; Global Innovation Index; GII; innovation performance; innovation systems; Latin America and Caribbean; policymakers; public policies; pandemic; stakeholders; upper-middle income.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJEED.2024.10061053
   
  
• Credible and non-credible sources of information: students' perception of their skills  
  by Olinda Gil, Cesar Freitas, Joao Pascoinho, Estrela Paulo, Rosa Martins, Sofia Gonçalves, Joana Cavalcanti, Teresa Macedo 
  Abstract: The study aimed to: 1) get to know the students’ perception of their abilities to identify and distinguish credible information from non-credible information; 2) understand if there are differences between 3rd cycle and secondary school students regarding their ability to identify and distinguish credible information from non-credible information; 3) to understand if there are differences between students of regular education and professional education regarding their ability to identify and distinguish credible information from non-credible information; 4) to identify the students’ perception of the role of the school library in the development of skills to distinguish between credible and non-credible sources of information. The results allow us to conclude that students reveal essential knowledge to distinguish and select, in part, in-formation for their research work, although they still need training to develop these skills.
  Keywords: information literacy; media literacy; digital literacy; reading; information sources.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJEED.2024.10061656
   
  
• Necessary skills for teachers towards digital information and communication technologies in the current era  
  by Victor Borges Canella, Maria Batista, Áurea Sousa, Maria Rocha, Luisa Borges Canella 
  Abstract: The study aimed to: 1) get to know the students’ perception of their abilities to identify and distinguish credible information from non-credible information; 2) understand if there are differences between 3rd cycle and secondary school students regarding their ability to identify and distinguish credible information from non-credible information; 3) to understand if there are differences between students of regular education and professional education regarding their ability to identify and distinguish credible information from non-credible information; 4) to identify the students’ perception of the role of the school library in the development of skills to distinguish between credible and non-credible sources of information. The results allow us to conclude that students reveal essential knowledge to distinguish and select, in part, in-formation for their research work, although they still need training to develop these skills.
  Keywords: information literacy; media literacy; digital literacy; reading; information sources.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJEED.2025.10062378
   
  
• Actors involved in the acquisition processes of higher education institutions in South America  
  by Juan Carlos Armijos, María De Miguel Molina, Carlos Ripoll Soler 
  Abstract: University acquisitions usually have two main reasons or characteristics. Firstly, they may be related to the absorption of universities (large versus small) and, secondly, to the growth, expansion or positioning of these institutions. To determine its main characteristics and describe these processes in detail, the research proposes - as an analysis tool - the implementation of mixed research methods, whose main objective is to analyse in detail what are the causes that led higher education institutions to the implementation of these processes, their characteristics and importance, what has been the role of the state, international private groups and accreditation and quality assurance systems? Based on information from primary and secondary sources, articles from scientific and written press, reports and information from institutional websites are analysed, the result of which reflects that these processes are carried out for various reasons (commercial, financing, quality, political), being, in most cases, problems related to quality and institutional management.
  Keywords: acquisitions; mergers; higher education institutions; interest groups; university management; students; academics; universities; accreditation systems; South America.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJEED.2025.10063261
   
  
• Determinants of relational marketing in customer satisfaction and loyalty: a study applied to products of mass consumption in Portugal  
  by Adriano Costa, Joaquim Antunes 
  Abstract: This research aims to identify the factors that precede consumer satisfaction and how this influences brand loyalty in the Portuguese consumer products and services market. The methodology used was based on a literature review on relationship marketing, brands, satisfaction and loyalty. Subsequently, an online survey was carried out, distributed via social networks. A total of 513 valid responses were obtained. The data was processed using SPSS, version 27.0. The results show that there are three factors that precede satisfaction and that two of them influence it positively, while one factor influences satisfaction negatively. It was also found that there is a very strong and positive relationship between satisfaction and loyalty, as in other studies. The results of this research could be useful for the academic community, particularly in marketing education, as well as for marketing professionals interested in studying loyalty factors.
  Keywords: relationship marketing; customer relationship management; CRM; brands; satisfaction; loyalty; Portugal.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJEED.2025.10063578
   
  
• Analysis of the use of e-commerce in Baja California, Mexico: higher education students 2023.  
  by Juan Antonio Meza Fregoso, Nora Del Carmen Osuna Millan, Rigoberto Negrete Urbano, Ricardo Fernando Rosales Cisneros, Hector Luis Gonzalez Diaz 
  Abstract: In order to analyse the use of Electronic Commerce by students of the Autonomous University of Baja California, a questionnaire was implemented to identify the personal characteristics of the respondents and whether they have made online purchases. From a sample of 1,741 students, it is concluded that 85% of students have made purchases, with females being the ones who buy the most, in addition to the pandemic being an important part for students to make purchases online, generally students who do not work They are the ones who buy clothes online, in addition to using their cell phone to make the online purchase since it allows them to review complete and detailed information about the product. Finally, students who have purchased in virtual stores recommend this service. Students who have not completed this procedure are students who distrust the service.
  Keywords: e-commerce; information and communication technologies; innovation.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJEED.2025.10063820
   
  
• Characterisation of the training of the auditor accountant in Ecuador. A look through university public statements.  
  by Juan Carlos Armijos, Ariel La Paz, Ängel Higuerey 
  Abstract: The purpose of the study is to carry out a comprehensive analysis of the accountant auditor career in Ecuador, analysing the characteristics of the curricular construction in terms of the design and construction of the graduation profiles. It seeks to answer: what are the main characteristics of the training of the auditor accountant declared by the Ecuadorian universities? For this, descriptive qualitative research is proposed to understand the complexity of the discipline, through an ontological framework. For the present study, information was collected regarding the graduation profiles and study plans of all current universities in Ecuador. The results show the accentuated practical profile of the graduates; and in skills, the power to audit, make decisions and advice, highlighting a solid command of accounting and auditing, although concerns remain about quality and a heterogeneity in the curricula that are potentially confusing for the milieu of applicants and employers.
  Keywords: auditor accountant; graduate profiles; curriculum design; higher education; Ecuador.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJEED.2025.10063821
   
  
• A critical analysis of the "neoclassical tradition" and economics education in Turkey.  
  by Sema Yilmaz , Rahmi Deniz Özbay, Rui Alexandre Castanho 
  Abstract: In the field of economics education, neoclassical economics serves as the foundation for Orthodox thought, drawing upon a theoretical and methodological framework that centres around the concept of a 'sovereign power' relationship. This framework informs the traditions and frequently held practices within the field. The term 'dismal science', originally used by Scottish historian Thomas Carlyle in 1849, can be employed as a critique of the intricate, paradoxical, inscrutable, and detached nature of neoclassical economics. Several criticisms have been raised regarding the utilisation of mathematical techniques primarily as an objective rather than a means of elucidating economic phenomena. This study highlights the significant issue arising from an economics education that lacks methodology and disregards interdisciplinary engagement with other social sciences, particularly under the dominance of neoclassical economics. It demonstrates that the detachment from reality is not only prevalent in Turkey but also observed in many other parts of the world.
  Keywords: neoclassical economics; economics education; orthodox thought; sovereign power relationship; dismal science; criticisms; mathematical techniques; social and historical dimensions.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJEED.2025.10063822
   
  
• The practice of special education teachers in remote teaching during and after the Covid-19 pandemic  
  by Isabel De Castro Chaves, Ana Isabel Carvalho, Rosa Martins, Estrela Paulo, Joao Pascoinho, Ana Isabel Rodrigues, Ana Camões, Cindy Vaz 
  Abstract: The study was carried out with special education teachers, in a total of 43 participants, from a school in the north of Portugal. The study is of a quantitative nature and the general objective was: to identify the attitudes and practices of special education teachers during and after the COVID-19 pandemic in Portugal. Statistical analysis was performed using the IBM/SPSS program, version 26.0 with exploratory factor analysis. Ethical issues were taken into account, safeguarding the anonymity of participants throughout the process. The main results were the frequency of use of digital technologies did not change significantly between during and after the remote teaching period and the type of digital technologies tools and their use by Special Education teachers during the pandemic determined their practices after the pandemic. This study makes evident the importance of training special education teachers in the use of digital technologies tools.
  Keywords: digital technologies; remote learning; teachers; students; specific needs.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJEED.2025.10065005
   
  
• Research management in higher education institutions in Bolivia and Paraguay: a SWOT analysis  
  by Makhabbat Ramazanova, Maria De Fátima Matos Da Silva, Helena Albuquerque, Jorge Fuentes Ávila, Beatriz Margarita Barrera Zuleta, Silvia Marín Guzmán 
  Abstract: The primary purpose of this article is to present the results of a SWOT analysis of research management in higher education institutions in Bolivia and Paraguay. When managing research, it is crucial to comprehensively understand the internal and external factors that might influence the efficacy of the research management process within higher education institutions (HEIs). This involves identifying the strengths and weaknesses of HEIs and assessing the potential opportunities and threats in the broad external environment. It is essential to involve all stakeholders in the governance process, from researchers to senior managers. In this context, this study applied the SWOT methodology to gather insights from key stakeholders in higher education institutions management and ministries participating in the INNOVA project in Bolivia and Paraguay and presents their perspectives and the results obtained. The findings indicate that despite research being incorporated into Bolivias and Paraguays national policies, it still needs to be developed, and there are no concrete indicators regarding the fulfilment of political objectives. The main actors in this study recognise the importance of the government
  Keywords: higher education institutions; HEIs; research; research management; SWOT analysis; Bolivia; Paraguay.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJEED.2025.10065279
   
  
• The role of sustainability in university curricula: trend analysis and research agenda  
  by Luis F. Garcés-Giraldo, Diana C. Velasco-Cardona, Juan C. Patiño-Vanegas, Alejandro Valencia-Arias, Jhennifer Rojas-Arias, Waldo Albarracín Sánchez 
  Abstract: The development of society, at present, has demanded an increasingly robust analysis of sustainability, in social, ecological, economic, political and educational spheres, the latter being key for the design of sustainable curricula by educational institutions. higher education. However, in the literature there are limited articles that consolidate existing knowledge, so the objective is to identify trends in research on the role of sustainability in university curricula. For this, a bibliometric analysis is carried out based on the PRISMA parameters. Among the main findings, the authors Lozano R and Azeiteiro UM are determined as the academic references, and that have allowed to identify the trends of the subject towards sustainable development and its incidence in the teaching-learning processes, which, in turn, it demands inter and multidisciplinary analysis, as emerging concepts that need future research.
  Keywords: sustainable development; PRISMA declaration; teaching-learning; environmental engineering; education.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJEED.2025.10066090
   
  
• Teachers’ perceptions about professional motivation and well-being: an actual perspective  
  by Helena Dias, Inês Gonçalves, Susana Sá, Joana Costa, Joao Pascoinho, Aldina Sofia Silva 
  Abstract: At COVID-19 health crisis, teachers were considered first-line professionals in education. Nevertheless, the impact of the teaching career statute revision, teachers’ social and economic devaluation, the school management and administration model, and teachers’ performance assessment is still a cause of demotivation and dissatisfaction. Therefore, our aim was to understand the motivation and well-being of teachers with the educational policies applied in recent years. For that, a questionnaire was applied to 238 teachers. Subjects were not very motivated, unsatisfied with their profession, little recognised, and perceived their working conditions as unsatisfactory. Moreover, there is an unsatisfactory perception of leadership and their professional future. In conclusion, teachers reveal they were exhausted and unmotivated with their professional conditions due to the educational policies applied in recent years, the statute of the teaching career the main cause of the discomfort, namely teaching performance assessment and the lack of professional social recognition.
  Keywords: motivation; leadership; school environment; learning; teaching.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJEED.2025.10067322
   
  
• Creation of an ICT appropriation unit as a mechanism for relating with the environment. Case: Faculty of Telecommunications Engineering of the University of Santo Tomas  
  by Juliana Arevalo-Herrera, Tatiana Zona-Ortiz, Carlos Hernán Fajardo-Toro , Sebastian Arias 
  Abstract: Innovation in a society is energised by cooperation between academia and industry. The Faculty of Telecommunications Engineering of the Universidad Santo Tomas, aware of this reality, has structured a unit for technology transfer called the ICT Appropriation Unit, based on the capabilities of its professors and students, which operates in synergy with the activities of the substantive functions. This structure allows the generation of ICT appropriation processes in communities and individuals. It also allows technology transfer from the academy to the environment in two ways, in collaboration with industry and with the generation of enterprises from the unit.
  Keywords: ICT consultancy; ICT appropriation; teaching; research; social projection.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJEED.2025.10067813