International Journal of Green Economics (6 papers in press)

Regular Issues

• Impacts of climate change exposure on bank performance in Northeast and Southeast Asia from 2010 to 2021: the moderating role of regulatory quality  
  by Lan Luu, Huong Trang Kim, Ha Nguyen, Trang Hoang 
  Abstract: This study investigates the relationship between climate change exposure and bank performance in the banking sector of Northeast and Southeast Asia. We assess firm-level climate change exposure by developing a specialized climate change dictionary, which is constructed by curating and integrating relevant keywords related to climate change. The frequency of these keywords within firm disclosures serves as a measure of the extent to which banks are exposed to climate-related opportunities, regulatory changes and physical risks. We observe that the positive impact of climate change regulatory and physical exposure on bank performance are more pronounced in high regulatory quality environment and after the implementation of the Paris Agreement. This study contributes to the understanding of how climate change exposure influences firms in the banking sector and highlights the importance of regulatory quality and implementation of Paris Agreement in facilitating positive impacts of exposure to climate change topics on these firms’ performance.
  Keywords: climate change exposure; bank performance; annual report; sustainability report; regulatory environment.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJGE.2025.10072109
   
  
• Green entrepreneurial orientation on economic performance: the dual mediating effect of green innovation capability and green brand orientation in Indian SMEs  
  by Pooja Goel, M. Karthikeyan, R. Manigandan, J. Naga Venkata Raghuram 
  Abstract: This study aims to investigate the nexus of green entrepreneurial orientation (GEO) on economic performance (ENP) with a dual mediating effect of green innovation capability (GIC) and green brand orientation (GBO) in Indian manufacturing SMEs. This study is based on the natural resource-based view theory. The data was collected from 261 owners and managers of Indian SMEs. The conceptual model was analysed through structural equation modelling in SMART PLS 4 software. The study performed importance performance matrix analysis. Moreover, the results indicated that green entrepreneurial orientation has an insignificant impact on economic performance. Furthermore, more green innovation capability and green brand orientation are fully mediating between green entrepreneurial orientation and economic performance. This study makes a significant contribution to the existing literature. By emphasising green innovation and branding, SMEs can not only address environmental challenges but also strengthen their competitive advantage in the evolving market landscape. It holds enormous value for managers seeking insights into the effective utilisation of green entrepreneurial orientation in driving economic performance development.
  Keywords: green entrepreneurial orientation; green brand orientation; green innovation capability; economic performance; Indian SMEs; IPMA analysis; SEM analysis.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJGE.2025.10072524
   
  
• Mitigating climate change: the role of technology patents, environmental trade and environmental tax in OECD economies (1995-2020)  
  by Burçin Çakır Gündoğdu 
  Abstract: Humans have long depended on nature for survival, yet technological advancements have often harmed the environment. However, technology does not necessarily require environmental destruction. Innovations in environmental technologies can support sustainability and reduce climate change impacts. Despite their importance, environmental patents key indicators of green innovation are understudied. This paper investigates the effects of environmental patents, environmental taxes, renewable energy consumption, and economic growth on CO emissions in OECD countries from 1995 to 2020. Using the Dumitrescu-Hurlin panel causality test, the study finds mutual causality between variables. These findings highlight the complex relationship between economic policies and environmental outcomes. As climate concerns grow, it becomes increasingly vital to understand how policy tools such as taxes and innovation influence emissions. The study contributes to the literature by offering insights into how environmental technologies and economic instruments can mitigate climate change.
  Keywords: Dumitrescu-Hurlin panel casuality test; environmental tax; environmental trade; environmental patent; renewable energy consumption.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJGE.2025.10073887
   
  
• Effect of COVID-19 on food security in Sub-Saharan Africa  
  by Adama Sawadogo, Mohamed Ben Omar Ndiaye, Assane Beye 
  Abstract: This research aims to analyse the effect of COVID-19 on food security in a sample of 35 Sub-Saharan African countries over the period 2020-2021. We used food security indices from FAOSTAT and the number of people who tested positive for COVID-19 from the World Health Organization. The results are derived from a series of random effects panel models. The results show no statistically significant relationship between COVID-19 and the prevalence of severe food insecurity in the total population at conventional thresholds. However, we notice a significant negative effect on dietary energy supply adequacy. The results of this research suggest that in the event of a health crisis such as COVID-19, policymakers must take measures to limit the spread of the disease, but they must not lose sight of the economic and social impact of the restrictive measures taken.
  Keywords: COVID-19; food security; random effects model; Sub-Saharan Africa.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJGE.2025.10073976
   
  
• Thematic analysis and systematic literature review on make or buy decisions on pro-environmental investments  
  by Appin Purisky Redaputri, Claudius Budi Santoso 
  Abstract: This study aims to systematically review and thematically analyse articles on the relationship between make-or-buy choices and pro-environmental investment decisions. This study conducted a systematic literature review by selecting 63 relevant papers from 365 collected from Scopus and EBSCO databases. Content analysis was used to determine the main areas of inquiry and knowledge gaps. Then the collection of articles was mapped into the AMO framework to answer the factors related to make-or-buy and pro-environmental investment decisions and answers potential future research questions. This study is based on several theories, including game theory, investment decision theory, fundamental option theory, and transaction cost theory. For future research frameworks, this study suggests the use of AMO to determine which variables can be further studied.
  Keywords: investment decision; pro-environment decisions; make-or-buy; systematic literature review; SLR; AMO framework.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJGE.2025.10073977
   
  
• Does population growth affect carbon emissions? Selected West African studies, 1980-2022  
  by Richard Chinye Osadume, Edih O. University 
  Abstract: Some theories, like Malthuss, predict that population growth will outpace resources, while others disagree. This study investigated the impact of population growth on carbon emissions in Nigeria, Ghana, Senegal, and Niger from 1980 to 2022. The research, using secondary data from the World Bank Group and tested at a 0.05 confidence level, found that a 1% rise in population results in a 1.75% (or 174.966 units) increases in carbon emissions. A key finding was that while population growth positively impacts carbon emissions, it was insignificant to proxies of wealth creation, such as per capita GDP. Additionally, poverty and inequality were found to have a positive and significant relationship with emissions. The study recommends that West African governments implement measures to reduce fossil fuel use, such as carbon taxes on firms, and adopt deliberate population control strategies to mitigate climate change.
  Keywords: carbon emission; greenhouse gas; population growth; West Africa.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJGE.2025.10074020