International Journal of Indian Culture and Business Management (161 papers in press)

Regular Issues

• The Association between Corporate Attributes and HR Disclosure Level: Evidence from India  
  by Dr. Kirti Aggarwal  
  Abstract: The objective of the present study is to investigate the association between corporate attributes and HR disclosure level of Indian listed companies. The present study is conducted on 34 companies listed on Nifty Fifty Index. The data of variables are gathered from annual reports and CMIE ProwessIQ Database of the sample companies. The latest time period is used for conducted the study and it is ranging from F.Y. 20122013 to 20192020 (eight years). For analysis, descriptive statistics, Pearsons correlation matrix, two-way least square dummy variable (LSDV) regression model are used. The outcomes of descriptive statistics show that the mean percentage of HRDI is 51.08. It indicates that it is lies on moderate side. The overall trend of HRDI is also on continuous increasing side. Further, the results of two-way LSDV regression model shows that there is significant positive effect of age, net fixed assets, net sales, promoters holding, quick ratio, pages of an annual report and significant negative of debt-equity ratio, current ratio on HRDI. Overall, it can be said that the study is beneficial for the stakeholders to take their investment decisions more wisely based on HR disclosure which is made by the Indian listed companies.
  Keywords: corporate attributes; human resource disclosure; content analysis; annual report; human resource disclosure index; India.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJICBM.2023.10057796
   
  
• Manifesting globalness through country of origin advertising and its effect on consumer’s apparel purchase intention  
  by Aastha Garg, Sibichan K. Mathew 
  Abstract: Associating a brand with foreign origin remains a prevalent way to create desirable product associations. Though associating the country of brand (COB) is not mandatory by law in most countries, many brands use COB on their labels, with some brands going as far as to make deceptive claims. This paper attempts to study the consequences of implying COB from a country with favourable image by fashion brands in their promotional or advertising campaigns, which may be counter-factual. This paper studies the effect of misleading claims of COB on consumers’ perceived quality judgement, social value, purchase intention and willingness to pay. Authors use cognitive dissonance theory and equity theory as a theoretical basis to test the hypothesis and find a diminution in consumers’ perception of quality and perceived social value. This research intends to help apparel retailers manage and build marketing strategies for the Indian market.
  Keywords: country of origin; COO; advertising; purchase intention; apparel; Indian consumer.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJICBM.2023.10057845
   
  
• Economic Impact of Factors Affecting Automotive Industry Marketing Strategies in GCC Countries with Reference to Oman  
  by Prashant Rastogi, Sanjay Sharma 
  Abstract: This research investigates the economic impact of marketing strategies in the automotive industry, specifically focusing on the GCC countries with an emphasis on Oman. The study aims to identify key parameters that significantly influence marketing strategy performance in this sector. The research employs interview sessions, questionnaire surveys, exploratory factor analysis (EFA), correlation analysis, and regression analysis to evaluate the relationships between independent and dependent variables. Internal factors such as economic environment, competitors, automotive industry infrastructure, legal environment, and customers are examined. In addition, the regression analysis was carried out to check the developed research hypotheses. The findings reveal that the external factor, legal environment, has a greater impact on marketing strategies than internal factors like human resources, existing marketing strategies, business networks, technological capacity, facility, and financial potential. The study highlights the economic significance of the legal environment in shaping marketing strategies within the automotive industry.
  Keywords: marketing strategies; automotive industry; legal environment; LE; economic impact; GCC countries.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJICBM.2023.10057874
   
  
• The Indian Muga silk industry: An integrative review of its business ecosystem and a management perspective  
  by Arshad Hussain, Tridib Ranjan Sarma, Pratim Barua 
  Abstract: A literature review was conducted on the Muga silk industry of Assam, based on Richard J. Torraco's integrative literature review model. Available literature was systematically collected, ranging a period of 360 years from 1660 to 2020 CE. Results include 142 literary works, which were divided by the nature of works being research articles, books, theses, government gazettes, and field investigation reports. The finalised works were reviewed to identify major concepts/themes that recur in the literature pool. A concept/theme map was drawn that directed a structured critique of each identified concept to converge on an overall management perspective of the entire industry. Research gaps were identified and presented while managerial implications were drawn. The final output should serve as a reliable index of literary works of managerial significance on the business ecosystem of the Muga silk industry of Assam in India.
  Keywords: integrative literature review; Muga silk industry; Assam; Muga; management perspective; business ecosystem.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJICBM.2023.10058055
   
  
• Three decennaries of artificial neural networks in finance: a bibliometric review and future research agenda  
  by Amit Kumar, Manpreet Kaur 
  Abstract: Artificial neural networks (ANNs) have revolutionised financial operations due to their abilities to learn from nonlinear and unstructured financial data. The current study aims to systematically map the conceptual and intellectual structure of research on ANNs in the finance domain based on bibliometric analysis and network visualisation of 3,106 articles published during the period 1992 to 2022. The study identifies the research trends, major contributors, and scientific collaborations in the field. Bibliographic coupling analysis and co-citation analysis of the documents revealed five clusters and three clusters of documents, respectively. Additionally, the current study intensively reviewed the important studies lying in each cluster to provide a comprehensive assessment of the relevant literature, thereby uncovered the knowledge gaps and challenges, and provided recommendations for future studies. Therefore, the study can be taken as a baseline by future researchers and financial practitioners to advance in the concerned field with the appropriate approach.
  Keywords: neural networks; bibliometric; finance; forecasting; network analysis; research trends.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJICBM.2023.10058292
   
  
• A Study of Perceived Store Image and Behavioural Intentions of Indian Grocery Consumers: The Mediating Effect of Satisfaction  
  by Dr. Parmod, Usha Arora, Farhat Akhtar, Parveen Kumar 
  Abstract: This paper aims to analyse the relationships among perceived store image (SI), satisfaction (SAT), and behavioural intentions (BI) of grocery consumers in the Indian context. Further, it examines the mediating role of satisfaction among store image and behavioural intentions. Psychometric properties of measurement scales of these constructs were tested with factor analysis. Subsequently, relationships between these were analysed through structural equation modelling. Results suggest a significant positive effect of store image on grocery consumers' satisfaction and behavioural intentions. Further, results showed a robust positive relationship between satisfaction and behavioural intentions. Satisfaction demonstrated a significant partial mediating effect between store image and behavioural intentions. This study manifests store image as a strong predictor of consumers' behavioural outcomes and thus advocates for more focus. It further shows that satisfied grocery consumers have beneficial behavioural intentions, so grocery managers should focus on satisfying them through personalised services, quality grocery, home delivery options, and managing productive relationships.
  Keywords: grocery consumers; store image; satisfaction; behavioural intentions; mediation analysis; organised grocery store; Indian grocery market; confirmatory factor analysis.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJICBM.2023.10058429
   
  
• E-payment: A Bibliometric Analysis and Systematic Literature Review  
  by Arti Gaur, Sanju Verma 
  Abstract: In today’s world, everything is digital, from payments to purchasing to manufacturing. E-payment research has gained traction in recent years. Biblioshiny and VOSviewer tools were used to visualise the data and demonstrate the link using a sample of 1,274 articles obtained from the Scopus database. The goal of the current study is to pinpoint significant players, important geographies, and existing trends while also outlining potential future research avenues in the domain of e-payments. The study uses bibliometric, network, and content analysis in addition to a systematic examination of the literature. To determine the most influential papers and authors, citations and PageRank are used. To determine how the research area is structured intellectually, a co-citation network is developed. Using bibliometric tools, three clusters of research papers have been discovered, and the papers in the clusters have been analysed via content analysis. This study helps to present the development of the scientific literature on e-payment. In addition to identifying research gaps, the study proposes two actionable future research directions.
  Keywords: e-payment; co-citation; systematic literature review; bibliometric analysis; network analysis.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJICBM.2023.10058481
   
  
• Does Global Spillover Matter in the Indian Money Market? A Vector Error Correction Model  
  by Avijit Bakshi, Dr. Pujari Sudarshan Reddy 
  Abstract: This study investigates the impact of transmission channels, including global liquidity, confidence, and exchange, on the Indian money market. The research aims to identify the predominant transmission channel and its influence on the repo and call money rates. A vector error correction model (VECM) analysed weekly data collected from the Reserve Bank of India, Bank of St. Louis, and Federal Reserve Bank from April 29, 2001 to March 21, 2021. The study finds a stable, genuine long-term relationship between call money rates and global liquidity, confidence channels and exchange channels. A long-run causality is also observed between call money rates and broad market indicators. Repo rates similarly exhibit a long-term, stable relationship with these factors, with short-term impacts observed from global liquidity and the exchange channel, but not from the VIX. The exchange channel and VIX are proven to be more predominant in influencing policy and call money rates.
  Keywords: global spillover; vector error correction model; VECM; weighted average call money rate; WACR; repo rate; confidence channel.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJICBM.2023.10058597
   
  
• Role of Managerial Innovation Behavior for Moderating the Effect of The Dynamic Innovation Capability on Banking Performance  
  by Manisha Raj, Abhay Singh Chauhan, Viral Bhatt 
  Abstract: The study tried to address the role of dynamic innovation capabilities along with innovative work behaviour of managerial employees for explaining banking performance. Furthermore, a moderating role of innovative work behaviour is examined too in this study. For testing the required set of hypotheses, the research collected a primary dataset of 413 participants working in managerial positions in different banks across. The study employed a structural equation modelling approach for achieving the research objectives, which revealed internal and external reliability and validity along with a statically fit model. It was found that innovation capabilities, especially organisational innovation and process innovation, along with managerial innovation behaviour, strongly affect the bank’s performance. Furthermore, innovative work performance strongly moderates the impact of dynamic innovation capabilities on banking performance. The study provided managerial and practical implications for the policymakers, leaders, higher management, and decision makers in the banking sector of Pakistan. Furthermore, the study also highlighted limitations and suggestions for future research.
  Keywords: innovation capabilities; innovative work behaviour; banking performance; process innovation; marketing innovation.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJICBM.2023.10058692
   
  
• Human Resource Disclosure Practices among Indian Corporates:A comparative Analysis of Public and Private Sector Listed Companies  
  by Dr. Kirti Aggarwal, Anju Verma 
  Abstract: The purpose of the study is to make comparison of human resource disclosure practices among public and private sector listed companies in India. The outcomes portray that there is a significance difference in Human Resource Disclosure Index (HRDI) between both the sectors. The HRDI of public sector is more in comparison to private sector. Further, the results of one-way LSDV regression model show that, in case of public sector companies, age, net sales, market capitalisation, return on total assets, quick ratio, pages of an annual report have significant positive and current ratio, type of auditor have significant negative effect on HRDI. In case of private sector companies, net sales, market capitalisation, earnings per share, return on total assets, return on equity, quick ratio, type of auditor, pages of an annual report have significant positive and age, promoter's holding, profit after tax, current ratio have significant negative effect on HRDI.
  Keywords: public sector; private sector; annual report; human resource disclosure; content analysis; India.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJICBM.2023.10058790
   
  
• The Association between Corporate Characteristicsand Human Resource Disclosures: The Case of Indian Corporate Sector  
  by Dr. Kirti Aggarwal  
  Abstract: The purpose of the present study is to investigate the association between corporate characteristics and voluntary human resource (HR) disclosure practices of the Indian corporate sector. The study has been conducted on 267 companies listed on the Bombay Stock Exchange (BSE-500 Index) from the time period of starting from F.Y. 20122013 to 20192020. The outcomes of Two-way LSDV regression model show that some characteristics have had significant effects on HR disclosure practices of the Indian listed companies, such as company age, leverage, ownership concentration, liquidity, total number of pages of an annual report and company size, profitability are partly affect the HR disclosure practices of the sample companies. Overall, it can be said that The Institute of Chartered Accountants of India (ICAI) and other regulatory bodies will take steps based on the HRDI developed in this study to make HR disclosure practices mandatory in India.
  Keywords: corporate characteristics; human resource disclosure index; HRDI; annual reports; content analysis; India.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJICBM.2023.10058817
   
  
• Segmenting and Profiling of Mobile App Users on their Lifestyle  
  by Neerja Arora, Deepak Chawla 
  Abstract: Extant literature is abundant with studies of technological adoption in varied contexts. However, there is a dearth of segmentation studies which have delved into mobile app usage. With psychographics gaining traction, it was decided to investigate the market segments of mobile app usage in the National Capital Region (NCR) of India using lifestyle variables as a basis. Literature review and the output of a qualitative research study was used to design the research instrument which was pilot tested. The questionnaire was distributed online through convenience sampling which resulted in 407 valid responses. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) was conducted and three factors were extracted. Subsequently, cluster analysis was conducted and three clusters multiple benefit users, app-dependent users and socially driven users were obtained. Differences among the three clusters in terms of attitude towards mobile apps and actual usage was also examined using ANOVA. Managerial implications for each of the segments were discussed.
  Keywords: segmentation; factor analysis; cluster analysis; psychographics; AIO statements; ANOVA.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJICBM.2023.10058819
   
  
• Company Characteristics and Human ResourceDisclosure Practices in Indian Corporates  
  by Dr. Kirti Aggarwal, Anju Verma 
  Abstract: The objective of the present research paper is to examine the effect of company characteristics on human resource (HR) disclosure practices in selected Indian listed companies. The study has been conducted on 345 companies listed on NSE-500 Index. The findings of the study show that net fixed assets, net sales, market capitalisation, earnings per share, return on total assets, return on equity, quick ratio and pages of an annual report have positive effect on HRDI and this effect is significant. Profit after tax has negative effect on HRDI and this effect is also significant. The HRDI constructed in the present study used by Indian corporate sector as a yardstick to improve their HRDI in future. The Accounting Institute of India and other regulatory bodies should develop guidelines for better reporting of HR. They should come up with HR disclosure sheet for better disclosing the HR information.
  Keywords: human resource disclosure practices; company characteristics; Human Resource Disclosure Index; HRDI; annual reports; content analysis; India.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJICBM.2023.10059082
   
  
• Navigating the Road to Success: Unraveling the Key Factors Influencing PPP Selection in Indian Road Projects  
  by Sarthak Bhatt, Mohhammedshakil Malek, Jayesh Juremalani 
  Abstract: The government uses important success factors (ISF) to choose PPP projects. This study examines India's public-private partnership (PPP) road projects' institutional and systemic factors (ISFs). A thorough literature study found 41 ISFs in the early phase. A group of public-private-academic specialists reviewed and confirmed these ISFs. In this paper, a study on important success factors (ISFs) of Indian road PPP projects is carried out. The study regulated a crucial participant opinion survey. The importance index method revealed twenty-six critical success criteria. Six stages were analysed pre-qualification, bidding, concession, building, performance, and handover. Statistics were used to analyse percipience. This research investigates the adoption of public-private partnerships (PPP) in the Indian road sector. This report will inform PPP road project decisions. The research improves comprehension of public-private partnership (PPP) road projects.
  Keywords: important success factors; ISFs; importance index; public-private partnership; PPP; roads.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJICBM.2023.10059086
   
  
• Entrepreneurial intention of post-graduate Business Administration students of a public university of West Bengal: An empirical study  
  by SOURAV PAUL, Abhik Mukherjee, Kallal Banerjee 
  Abstract: This study aims to identify the relevant factors influencing the entrepreneurial intention of post-graduate students of the business administration programme and then focuses to measure the difference in responses among the students on the relevant factors as per personal and family background. As a sample, 70 post-graduate students with different specialisations in the business administration programmes of a public university in West Bengal have been considered in this study. RWS has been undertaken to identify the relevant factors influencing the entrepreneurial intention of students and the difference in responses among the students on the relevant factors as per personal and family background has been measured using Mann-Whitney U and Kruskal-Wallis H tests. Male students have more intention towards entrepreneurship than females. Moreover, students whose fathers are self-employed and have high family income tend to have a higher inclination towards entrepreneurship. Additionally, TM specialisation students have a strong intention to become entrepreneurs in future endeavours.
  Keywords: entrepreneurship; entrepreneurial intention; students; business administration programme.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJICBM.2023.10059092
   
  
• Holistic Development of Learners: A Case Study of Selected Indian Gurukuls for Modern Age Education  
  by Amit Kishore Sinha, Sanjay Saxena, Sandeep Singh 
  Abstract: Globally educational institutions are trying to improve their teaching pedagogies and resources to ensure the overall development of students. Schools are putting sincere efforts towards the betterment of the learning environment. But still, some of the areas of a student's personality are not significantly developed in modern schools. If we look at the ancient Indian period, Gurukuls were at the centre of learning. Even today too few gurukuls are operating in the world. Through this paper, the authors are trying to study the activities conducted for learners at the gurukuls. To identify significant features of gurukul education system, case study method is being used. The authors visited two prominent gurukuls of India, interviewed the administrators, teachers, and students, and summarised the findings. After a detailed analysis of the collected information, it is found that many gurukul-related activities can be used by modern-age educational institutions for the holistic development of students.
  Keywords: holistic education; gurukul education; school education; ancient Indian education system; Indian knowledge system.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJICBM.2023.10059147
   
  
• An Analytical Study of Burgeoning Post Covid Business Strategies for Reviving MSMES in India- with Reference to Delhi NCR  
  by Nisha Pavithran, Surendra Kumar Bhogal 
  Abstract: The nationwide lockdown due to the COVID-19 pandemic has impacted many economic sectors. The MSME sector was nearly destroyed by the nationwide lockdown brought on by the deadly pandemic due to the moratorium of businesses, upheaval in the supply chain, business loss, widespread worker reverse relocation, and, most importantly, a cash flow crisis. As a result, the government stepped up to support the revival of the MSME sector through various interventions. However, the government's relief plan for the MSME sector was criticised for being insensitive to the unique requirements of micro and small businesses. This article analyses the implication of COVID on MSMEs in the Delhi NCR region. The present study will emphasise the degree of risks and vulnerability to which MSMEs are exposed to COVID-19. Moreover, this study has a significant need in future since it will also highlight post-COVID-19 strategies to revive the position of MSME in India.
  Keywords: COVID-19; economy; business strategies; micro; small medium enterprises; India.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJICBM.2023.10059226
   
  
• Analysing the effects of several service quality metrics on the leading online shopping sites  
  by Sunil Patel, Sudip N. Dutta, Krupa Mistry, Sharad Shekar Shetty, Purnima Gupta, Pratima Shukla 
  Abstract: Buying online products or services is the most common and essential practice of Indian consumers. There is huge competition among online shopping platforms. These service providers provide a better price, heavy discounts and most importantly efficient services. Indian customers are expecting a higher level of services from online shopping platforms. The mindset of various age groups in terms of service provided by the online service provider is changed. This study aims to understand that, how different group of consumers prefers different service quality. The entire study was conducted with an opinion of 385 responses from online shoppers. The inferential statistical tools were deployed to understand variations amongst the different age group. Outcomes indicate that the age group 1825 are more demanding in terms of service and technical quality from online shopping platform.
  Keywords: service quality; online shopping platform; online shoppers; variations.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJICBM.2023.10059284
   
  
• Revisiting the Service Quality Dimensions of Banks in India during the Pandemic Times: The Moderating Role of Gender and Banking Experience  
  by Charu Saxena, Pardeep Kumar 
  Abstract: Withstand the changing market conditions and revenue pressure in the global economic downturn due to the COVID-19 crisis, service quality has emerged as the most critical component of the competitiveness of the banking industry in India. This study aims to revisit and analyse the quality of services rendered by the public sector and private sector banks in India during the pandemic. The moderating role of gender and banking experience of customers is also assessed in the current research. To examine the proposed model, a structural equation modelling (SEM) technique is employed on a sample of 600 banking customers from the Punjab District, using AMOS software. The results suggest that factors such as reliability, accessibility, assurance, tangibility, and responsiveness influence customer satisfaction in the banking sector. However, empathy factors do not hold any relevance to customer satisfaction. Gender plays a moderating role in the linkage between service quality and customer satisfaction. Additionally, people with more banking experience are found to be more satisfied with banking services.
  Keywords: service quality; customer satisfaction; moderating role; banking experience; India.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJICBM.2023.10059285
   
  
• Perceiving E-emotional Conscience in Indian Advertisements  
  by Anilaa Pillai  
  Abstract: A more complete understanding of one’s own behaviour is made possible by positive psychology, which offers a unique viewpoint on what drives people, how they feel, and how decisions are made. The psychology of advertising focuses on fostering empathy for a good or service in order to increase one's propensity to use or purchase it. How we relate to advertisements can be influenced by their physical components, such as people, images, and even colours along with the shared feelings on screen. The objective is to examine advertising, which is generally considered a time invader, through the lens of emotional intelligence. The paper also proposes a new term, e-emotions, for the analysis since the emotions that are the key element of the study are expressed through the digital space of advertisements in traditional media using self-awareness dimension of emotional intelligence proposed by Daniel Goleman to analyse selected Indian advertisements.
  Keywords: emotional intelligence; self-awareness; decision making skills; Indian advertisements; emotions; soft skills; traditional media.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJICBM.2023.10059332
   
  
• Financial sentiment analysis of news articles with long text corpus for equity portfolio construction  
  by Senthil Arasu Balasubramanian, Nancy Christina J, P. Sridevi 
  Abstract: Forecasting stock performance is a well-researched area. In recent times, textual data related to stock market are considered to have more meaningful insights and various natural language processing (NLP) techniques are employed to process it. Several studies have used news headlines to predict stock market performance and most of the studies focus on short-term forecasting which considers lags of days or less and pose a higher risk than investing over a long-term. In this study, long text corpus of news articles of non-financial stocks from Nifty 50 is analysed with an objective to construct an equity portfolio. A pre-trained NLP model FinBERT was used to analyse the sentiment of the financial text. The resulting portfolio was found to outperform the market. However, few stocks with extraordinary performance were missed as the stocks for the portfolio were selected using news articles as the only source.
  Keywords: sentiment analysis; natural language processing; NLP; news corpus; BERT-base-NER; FinBERT; Nifty; equity portfolio.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJICBM.2023.10059333
   
  
• Prominent Behavioral Biases Affecting Investment Decisions: A Systematic Literature Review with TCCM and Bibliometric Analysis  
  by Shubhangi Gautam, Pardeep Kumar 
  Abstract: Behavioural finance since its inception is centred on bridging the gap between psychology and finance. The study aims to discover the most common behavioural biases in investment decision-making and to find new emerging dimensions for further research. This research employed the PRISMA guidelines to finalise the research studies for final review. The review paper adopted the TCCM a theory development, context, characteristics, and methodology and bibliometric approach to analyse the Scopus-indexed research publications. The study establishes that behavioural biases are inescapable; and they are bound to influence individuals, corporates, financial analysts, or other investors investment choices, whether positively or negatively. The research concludes that prospect theory, heuristics, and herding are three categories of biases that mostly influence and impact the opinions of prospective investors. Moreover, the relationships of behavioural finance with neurofinance and emotional intelligence are recognised as the most promising emerging areas for future research.
  Keywords: behavioural biases; herding bias; investment decision; mental accounting; overconfidence bias.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJICBM.2023.10059339
   
  
• Link between various construct of workplace spirituality and job satisfaction in banking sector in Indian context: a proposed model.  
  by Parveen Kumar, Anu Lohan 
  Abstract: The aim of this research is to investigate the link between workplace spirituality and job satisfaction in the banking sector within the Indian context. For this study, 250 managers from 10 banks were contacted through personal interactions and emails to collect data. The research explores the correlation between workplace spirituality and job satisfaction, and it also develops a regression equation considering various constructs of workplace spirituality as independent variables and job satisfaction as the dependent variable. The findings indicate a positive and significant correlation between workplace spirituality and job satisfaction. Therefore, it is suggested that banks should explore the option of institutionalising spiritual values and techniques in the workplace.
  Keywords: workplace spirituality; job satisfaction; Indian culture; correlation; regression.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJICBM.2023.10059340
   
  
• The Impact of Macroeconomic Determinants on Gold Prices: An Empirical Study on Indian Market Using ARDL Approach  
  by Sonia Garg, Karam Pal Narwal, Priyanka Rani 
  Abstract: The present study investigates the relationship between gold prices and macroeconomic determinants such as the consumer price index (CPI), gross domestic product (GDP), interest rate (INT), and exchange rate (EXR) by applying an autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) for the period spanning from January 2011 to March 2020 in India. The results of the study found that the price of gold has a cointegration relationship with inflation, GDP, interest rate, exchange rate, and stock market index. Further, in the long run, CPI and the stock market index are the major macroeconomic variables that impact gold prices. In the short run, only the exchange rate significantly influences gold prices, along with the different lagged periods of other variables. The results of this study are significant for economists, policymakers, investors, and academicians.
  Keywords: Macroeconomic determinants; gold; autoregressive distributed lag model; futures prices; exchange rate.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJICBM.2023.10059353
   
  
• Strategic Human Resource Management and organizational performance- Mediating effect of relational climate in public sector in India  
  by Anurag Chourasia, Prakash Chandra Bahuguna 
  Abstract: Interactions and relationships among the members of an organisation constitute the foundation of an organisation. The purpose of this paper is to explore the interactional aspect of strategic human resource management (SHRM) and empirically test the role of relational climate in enhancing organisational performance (OP). This research is anchored on the 'relational models theory' of Fiske (1992) to explain relational climate and the social interdependence theory of Johnson and Johnson (2005) to comprehend how relational climate affects OP. Data were obtained from 327 executives through a questionnaire survey from ten public sector oil companies in India and analysed through SPSS and structural equation modelling. By empirically examining a positive correlation between relational climate and organisational performance, this study adds to the body of knowledge on relational HRM. Hence, managers must build an effective relational climate that will facilitate in developing a relational climate in the workplace to improve organisational performance.
  Keywords: relational climate; relational models theory; social interdependence theory; organisational performance; strategic human resource management; SHRM; India.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJICBM.2023.10059374
   
  
• Examining Grievance Handling Procedures and Employee Satisfaction: A Study of Procedural Justice in Indian Organizations  
  by Priyanka R. Naagar, Shabnam Saxena 
  Abstract: This study examines how grievance handling procedures, policies, reporting, and identification sources influence employee satisfaction in Indian organisations. A questionnaire was distributed to 520 employees in the manufacturing and service sectors, and 331 responses were analysed using SPSS-21 and AMOS-21. Descriptive and correlational analyses revealed interrelationships among the constructs. Multiple regression analysis, supported by bootstrapping effects, provided strong evidence of the positive impact of grievance handling procedures on employee satisfaction. Practical implications include recommendations for HRM and the manufacturing and service sectors to implement a robust grievance handling procedure based on procedural justice. This study contributes empirical evidence to the field of HRM, highlighting the substantiated impact of grievance handling on employee satisfaction.
  Keywords: employee satisfaction; grievance handling procedure; GHP; open door policy; procedural justice; grievance reporting.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJICBM.2023.10059409
   
  
• Intrinsic Motivational Factors and Creative and Innovative Work Behavior of Employees: The Mediating Effect of Creative Personality  
  by Manohar Kapse, Pragya Sharma, Anuradha Pathak, Jeanne Poulose, Vinod Sharma 
  Abstract: The study investigates the relationship among intrinsic motivational factors, employee creative behaviour, employee innovative behaviour, and creative personality. This study analysed the mediating effect of creative personality between intrinsic motivational factor with creative and innovative behaviour of IT sector employee. Hypotheses were tested using structural equation modelling. The study found a positive relationship between intrinsic motivational behaviour and creative personality; creative personality and employee creative behaviour; creative personality and innovative behaviour; and intrinsic motivational factor and employee innovative behaviour. The study also found partial mediating effect of creative personality between intrinsic motivational factor and creative behaviour and also innovative behaviour. Findings contribute to new insights to the existing literature by examining the mediating effects of creative personality between intrinsic motivational behaviour, and creative and innovative behaviour of IT sector employees.
  Keywords: creativity; intrinsic motivational factors; innovative work behaviour; creative behaviour; creative personality.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJICBM.2023.10059410
   
  
• Investigating impact of Spiritual Leadership on organization performance with mediating role of calling and membership: IT sector as a case study  
  by Komal Pandya, Narayan Baser 
  Abstract: Spiritual leaders have a deep sense of purpose, ethical standards, and compassion for their employees, which this study examines. According to a study, spiritual leadership improves organisational performance, employee engagement, dedication, and productivity. Using structural equation modelling (SEM), 453 IT professionals’ perceptions of spiritual leadership and business performance are examined. SEM examines how spiritual leadership affects company success. Study shows direct and indirect effects. Spiritual leadership boosts IT team performance. Calling and membership also mediate spiritual leadership-organisational success. This study emphasises the relevance of spiritual leadership in IT businesses and the need for leaders to have a clear purpose, fundamental values, and genuine concern for employee well-being. It also shows how giving employees a feeling of purpose and belonging can increase organisational performance. IT, HR, and organisational strategists can boost employee performance and corporate success by prioritising spiritual leadership and fostering a sense of calling and membership.
  Keywords: spiritual leadership; organisation performance; IT; structural equation modelling; SEM; calling membership.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJICBM.2023.10059411
   
  
• Understanding the Influence of Psychological Factors on Consumer Behavior: A Study of Green FMCG Purchases  
  by Aamer AL-Aflak, Priya Vij 
  Abstract: Consumer interest and concern in environmental issues have increased, which increased attention on environmental sustainability. The research goal to examine consumer behaviour towards buying green fast-moving consumer goods (FMCG) utilising norm activation theory with personal norm mediating role and extended variables perceived consumer effectiveness and environmental concern. A survey method used, the data collected from 302 valid surveys was assessed by the ‘partial least squares-structural equation modelling’ approach. The research targeted consumer from the top three cities in Punjab from population and literacy aspect. The findings indicated that customer behaviour to purchase green items influenced by personal norm. With the exception of environmental concern, had no indirect significant impact on purchase behaviour, perceived consumer effectiveness, awareness of consequences plus attribution of responsibility, were all positively correlated with buy behaviour. This study seeks to ascertain the role that psychological factors play in influencing a person’s choice to buy green products.
  Keywords: consumer behaviour; green FMCG; psychological factors.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJICBM.2023.10059445
   
  
• Relationship of Accounting Information system’s characteristics & profitability: A perceptual study of the Insurance sector in India.  
  by Pooja Sharma, Ankita Chaturvedi 
  Abstract: The accounting information system (AIS) is a constituent of an organisation’s information system that benefits data processing. Such a dataset aids management in making choices that have a big impact on the business’s profitability. Data collection, maintenance, records keeping, and information production are only a few of the essential functions offered by accounting information systems. The purpose of the study was to determine what factors contributed to the Indian insurance industry’s increased profitability in terms of accounting information system characteristics. 400 insurance professionals from these chosen insurance companies made up the study sample. Reliability analysis and regression approach applied to analyse the results using SPSS. Data were obtained through simple random sampling. The results showed a statistically significant relation between the AIS’ characteristics and these insurance companies’ profitability. The study’s findings demonstrated that higher profitability is a direct outcome of accounting information systems’ efficiency, reliability, usability, data quality, and accuracy.
  Keywords: relationship; accounting information system characteristics; profitability; regression; insurance companies.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJICBM.2023.10059471
   
  
• Analysis of Overall Customer Satisfaction towards Bancassurance in Emerging Economies  
  by Ajitav Acharya, Abhijit Mohanty, Manoranjan Dash, Biswo Ranjan Mishra, Kamalakanta Muduli, Suchismita Swain 
  Abstract: The study’s goal is to analyse customers' overall satisfaction with bancassurance products offered by retail banks in India. This study conceptualises three second-order categories, satisfaction with agent, satisfaction with company, and satisfaction with functional services, and assesses their impact on overall consumer satisfaction with bancassurance in an emerging economy like India. Primary data was gathered using a structured questionnaire. Purposive sampling was used to choose 344 customers. PLS-SEM 4.0 was used to assess hypotheses as well as the constructs validity and reliability. The results show that the second-order factor model was empirically valid and that the three second-order constructs have a positive and significant impact on overall consumer satisfaction with bancassurance. Similarly, the association between first-order constructs and their associated second-order constructs was found to be statistically significant. This study proposes a novel paradigm for predicting total customer satisfaction in the banking industry that combines second-order constructs. This study will be valuable for mapping the quality dimensions of bancassurance services in order to improve customer satisfaction in an emerging economy.
  Keywords: bancassurance; service quality; overall customer satisfaction; Indian retail banking; PLS-SEM.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJICBM.2023.10059593
   
  
• A Machine Learning Perspective in Predicting Historical Index Data  
  by Christo Aditya Bikram Bepari, Manoranjan Dash, Bibhuti Bhusan Pradhan, Ibanga Kpereobong Friday 
  Abstract: Predicting the stock market is a perpetual challenge due to the vast amount of data generated daily. This study explores the application of machine learning (ML) techniques to address this challenge. With the aid of big data analytics, we investigate the advancements in ML for stock market forecast. The primary focus of this study is the prediction of Historical Index Data Nifty, with implications that extend to other stocks. Through an extensive literature review, we examine existing research on stock market prediction and identify gaps in the current understanding. Through systematic experiments and rigorous evaluation, we contribute to the existing body of knowledge on stock market prediction. Our findings highlight the potential of ML techniques, particularly the hybrid XGBoost-GRU model, for accurate and informed stock market forecasting.
  Keywords: financial innovation; machine learning; XGBoost-GRU; artificial intelligence.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJICBM.2023.10059596
   
  
• COVID-19 Influences the Academic Education of Hotel Management Students in India and Educational Development based on National Education Policy  
  by Aby Emmanuel Lopus, Libina Babu 
  Abstract: Hotel management education is one of the most competent and skilful programs available around the world. This study investigates the influence of the COVID-19 pandemic on the educational system of hotel management students in India. People studying hospitality should have strong communication skills, moral attitudes, team spirit, and several other abilities that are impacted by the pandemic and cannot be experienced through virtual learning. The National Education Policy (NEP) is an extensive principle that explains the nation's educational success. It offers the potential for foreign universities to gain access to Indian higher education. The policy is the best choice for training and assessment. It tries to eliminate several existing impediments to students pursuing an additional career. NEP's existing plans include investigations and the reconstruction of hotel management higher education.
  Keywords: National Education Policy; NEP; COVID-19; hotel management institution; hospitality; India.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJICBM.2023.10059633
   
  
• Effect of E-Wallets' prior application on consumer satisfaction  
  by Naveen Luthra, Manish Solanki, Vivek Karmokar, Vishal D. Chavan, Rafique Khan, MAULIN SHAH 
  Abstract: Online transactions increased considerably after the demonstration. This creative challenge is growing exponentially in relation to the strength of the deliverables from providers of e-wallet services. The purpose of this study was to determine whether current e-wallet users were happy with the platform's numerous features. This cross-sectional study was conducted in an effort to investigate the effects of several performance factors that are important to e-wallets, such as transaction speed, authentication, encryption, soft wale performance, and main Details. 451 usable samples were collected from the respondents who were using e-wallets for the transaction purpose. The two factors that had the greatest impact on user satisfaction with electronic wallets were authentication and encryption mechanism. This study used multiple regression analysis to assess the impact of all contributing factors.
  Keywords: online user; e-wallets; satisfaction encryption mechanism; authentications; performance.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJICBM.2023.10059704
   
  
• Exploring preventive healthcare behaviour in the Indian context  
  by Gourab De, Ayona Bhattacharjee, Neena Sondhi, Himanshu Joshi 
  Abstract: With the increasing global incidence of lifestyle diseases in modern times, it is imperative to adopt preventive healthcare behaviour to avert the occurrence of these ailments efficiently. This study adopts a qualitative methodology using in-depth interviews and focus group discussions with urban adult Indian consumers to understand different aspects of preventive healthcare behaviour. The exploratory study identifies key factors influencing an individual's adoption of such healthcare behaviour. The study also reveals how adopting this behaviour may impact a person's subjective well-being. The findings are theoretically significant, providing a comprehensive framework for understanding preventive healthcare behaviour. The study has important implications for firms in the segment of preventive healthcare products and the services sector as it provides information about factors that can enhance the adoption of preventive healthcare behaviour.
  Keywords: preventive healthcare behaviour; PHB; subjective well-being; SWB; qualitative approach; health value; health literacy; self-efficacy; health consciousness.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJICBM.2023.10059730
   
  
• Consumer Purchase Intention for Green FMCG: Mediating Role of Green Brand Attitude and Moderating Effect of Neutralization  
  by Aamer AL-Aflak, Shanul Gawshinde 
  Abstract: This study aims to investigate the behavioural intention of consumers towards green fast-moving consumer goods brands. The theoretical framework of the current study is based on the decomposed theory of planned behaviour. Purposive sampling was used to gather data from Syrian consumers obtaining 375 respondents, which were analysed using a structural equation model. The current study determines consumers’ purchase intention towards green brands of fast-moving consumer goods (FMCG) through perceived behavioural control and subjective norms. Both perceived behavioural control and subjective norms have a significant impact on green purchase intention. Furthermore, attitude plays a significant mediating role in the relationship between the perceived behavioural control, subjective norms, and green purchase intention. While the moderator has an insignificant effect on consumers’ decisions to purchase green FMCG brands. The result recommends approaches for green product marketing. Prior research on green buying intentions has mainly focused on straightforward models at each given time.
  Keywords: green brands; fast-moving consumer goods; FMCG; green purchase intention; consumer behaviour.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJICBM.2023.10059735
   
  
• Knowledge and Uses of Ethnomedicinal Plants: A Study on Tribal Communities of Joypur Forest, West Bengal (India)  
  by Tanmoyee Bhattacharjee, Anirban Baitalik, Biplab Bera 
  Abstract: This research delves into the ethnomedicinal expertise held by tribal communities residing in the Joypur forest region of West Bengal, India. The study's primary focus is to document and analyse the knowledge of 21 key plant species integral to their traditional healthcare systems. Notably, the Asteraceae, Acanthaceae, and Apocynaceae plant families are identified as prominent contributors, addressing a wide range of ailments. Innovative indices such as knowledge relevance index (KRI), usage value (UV), fidelity level (FL), and relative frequency of citation (RFC) evaluate the significance of each plant species in ethnomedicinal practices. The analysis reveals a positive correlation between age and traditional knowledge, underscoring the older generation's role as custodians of invaluable wisdom. Interestingly, waning interest in traditional remedies is noted among the youth, who prefer easily accessible allopathic treatments. This study provides insights into cultural dynamics and underscores the urgency of preserving ethnomedicinal wisdom.
  Keywords: ethnomedicinal knowledge; plant species; traditional health practices; tribal community; West Bengal.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJICBM.2023.10059762
   
  
• A Study on the Rationale for the Practice of Diversity and Inclusion in the Workplace (An Empirical Research in the North East Indian Context)  
  by Pankaj Kumar Sharma, Shazeed Ahmed, Dipankar Malakar 
  Abstract: The policy of promoting diversity and inclusion in the workplace is a prominent area in organisation management. The study is an attempt to know how executives perceive the practice of diversity and inclusion in the workplace. The study was exploratory by nature and was carried out in two stages with samples of 515 respondents and 232 respondents respectively using attitudinal statements. The study used a convenience sampling technique. Data was processed using logistic regression. The outcome of the study suggests that diversity and inclusion were viewed to lead companies to be customers oriented, motivate employees to work in a team, ensure satisfaction in the jobs performed and develop a sense of equity and due recognition. However, the policy was not viewed to help organisations to earn significant profits or promote creativity among employees in work. Managers can take inputs to manage the perception of executives for the benefit of organisations.
  Keywords: workplace; inclusion; perceptual; communality; innovations; diversity.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJICBM.2023.10059816
   
  
• Factors impacting the behavioral intention towards sustainable fashion consumption: An Empirical Study of Gen Z Consumers  
  by Mariya Ali, Sadaf Siraj, Syeedun Nisa 
  Abstract: The increasing number of young environmental activists worldwide has sparked a strong movement that encourages action against global warming and advocates sustainability. This has led to an increase in the popularity of sustainable products. The demand for sustainable clothing has increased and is continuing to gather momentum in the fashion business, which is acknowledged as the second-largest polluter. The younger generation is most concerned about environmental issues. The current study aimed to investigate college students' intentions to purchase sustainable apparel using the extended theory of planned behaviour. The data from 226 students at three Indian universities were gathered through an online survey and used in structural equation modelling. The findings demonstrated that behavioural belief, attitude, and pricing substantially impact purchase intention for sustainable clothing. The results will assist retailers in gaining notable insight into consumers' viewpoints on sustainable apparel, allowing them to devise robust marketing tactics to boost favourable intentions and attitudes.
  Keywords: sustainable apparel; generation Z; purchase intention; PI; theory of planned behaviour model; sustainable consumer behaviour; eco friendly.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJICBM.2023.10059882
   
  
• Paytm IPO, A case of Deliberate Overpricing?  
  by Seshadev Sahoo, Saurabh Khandelwal 
  Abstract: This case study presents a technical analysis of Paytms IPO launched in November 2021, which garnered 18,300 crores through a combination of new issuances and offers for sale (OFS). The study investigates the reasons behind the subsequent 56.5% share price decline within three months. In-depth examination of Paytms pre-IPO performance, post-IPO financials, and potential forecast impacting the listing price is conducted. The authors delve into the motivations driving the IPO and discuss shareholder profit maximisation. Regulatory oversights role in approving such listings is also scrutinised. The study highlights the necessity of comprehensive due diligence, including financial performance assessment, management evaluation, and corporate governance analysis, in IPO investments.
  Keywords: regulatory oversight; due diligence; digital economy; financial performance; fintech; initial public offering; IPO; pre-IPO investors; anchor investors; demonetisation.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJICBM.2023.10059935
   
  
• Measuring the Impacts of Organizational Culture Determinants on Organizational Citizenship Behavior in IT sector  
  by Neha Singh, Anil Pawar, Radhika G. Shah, Twinkal Thakkar, Aditya Jani, Hiral Vora 
  Abstract: In India, the information technology (IT) sector has emerged as a dynamic, swiftly expanding industry with numerous employment opportunities. This study investigates the crucial role of organisational citizenship behaviour (OCB) in fostering the expansion of IT companies. Our cross-sectional survey includes the opinions of 378 middle-and senior-level IT administrators from a variety of organisations. Using multiple regression analysis and path analysis techniques, this study evaluates the impact of OCB on the overall efficacy of IT companies. Notably, our findings disclose that a substantial proportion, specifically 70.60%, of an IT company's efficacy can be attributed to the various OCB-influencing factors within these organisations. This study highlights the significance of fostering and recognising OCB in the workplace to increase the success and growth of IT companies in India.
  Keywords: organisation citizenship; behavioural effectiveness; motivation job satisfaction; quality of work life; QWL; organisation culture; organisational citizenship behaviour; OCB.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJICBM.2023.10059948
   
  
• Investigating the effects of factors influencing on the satisfaction of M-Banking Users  
  by Manisha Raj, Kakoli Biswas, Sambit Kumar Pradhan, Yaatra Khalil Khan, Himanshu Parcha, Sampada Iyer 
  Abstract: This study aimed to develop a new model that would integrate the level of customer satisfaction with the three aspects of the quality of the mobile banking service: the quality of the system, the quality of the interface design, and the quality of the content. The participants in the sample group were chosen randomly from a group of 337 customers who had previously downloaded mobile banking apps and had experience using them to conduct banking transactions to collect the information required for the research. The research model was verified using validity and reliability criteria. The study model’s hypotheses were then tested using the partial least squares method. This led to the revelation that the effectiveness of the information supplied, the system, and the interface design substantially impacted a customer’s satisfaction with the mobile banking service.
  Keywords: mobile banking; m-banking; satisfaction; e-transaction; service quality.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJICBM.2023.10059962
   
  
• A Framework Model for Synergizing Lean and Industry 4.0 in Indian Heavy Fabrication Industries  
  by Karthikeyan Ramu, J. Jerald, Aadithya B.G, Pranaw V, Ravichandran G. S 
  Abstract: In this digital and competitive world, lean and Industry 4.0 both are creating more impact and influence in the practice of today’s manufacturing industries. Manufacturing development initiatives including lean and Industry 4.0 have piqued the attention of both academia and industry. When it comes to heavy fabrication industries, the strategy of lean and Industry 4.0 can be incorporated into a highly flexible operating environment to achieve more economic benefits by eliminating waste, resulting in enhanced flexibility, productivity, and profit. Many non-flow type organisations have begun their lean with Industry 4.0 journey but are still unable to sustain it. As a result, an effort is made to consolidate various lean and Industry 4.0 perspectives, namely barriers, principles, tools, and performance indicators, and a framework is established on how the implementation of lean with Industry 4.0 philosophies can be adopted systematically.
  Keywords: lean manufacturing; LM; Industry 4.0; I4.0; barriers; tools; principles and performance measures.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJICBM.2023.10059970
   
  
• Enhancing investment decisions in Indian stock market through MCDM approach  
  by Arup Mitra, A.K. Jalan, Prabir Biswas, Sayan Gupta 
  Abstract: The purpose of this paper is to compare a set of Indian stocks listed in the Morgan Stanley Capital International (MSCI-114) index’. The present paper considers the fundamental performance of the stocks as a basis for comparison. A number of financial ratios have been used as criteria to compare the performance of the stocks. The underlying objective is to formulate a portfolio for investment decision-making. Since the decision-making is based on the performance of the stocks subject to multiple criteria, the current work presents a multiple-criteria decision-making (MCDM) framework. Priority of the criteria is based on objective information, and this study uses the inter-criteria correlation method for deriving the weight. It is compared and ranked as per their performance using a compromise solution-based model that trades off the criteria effect with considerable reliability and stability. Finally, the mean-variance (MV) model is incorporated for identifying adverse risks and optimising the portfolio.
  Keywords: decision making; ratio; portfolio; investment; stock market; multiple-criteria decision-making; MCDM.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJICBM.2023.10060047
   
  
• Examine The Investigation of Online Insurance Consumers' Buying Intention  
  by Himanshu Barot, Susmita Dutta, Rahul Bhattacharya, Saksham Misra, Ritesh Patel, Maulin Shah 
  Abstract: The study under consideration pertains to the prediction of customers' online insurance policy purchase behaviour, with a specific focus on major cities located in the Gujarat state of India. The study's variables are formulated based on the prior contributions of the technology acceptance model. The research gathered the viewpoints of 381 participants through a method of convenient sampling, encompassing individuals who were inclined to purchase online insurance as well as those who had already made a purchase. The data analysis was conducted by the researchers using SPSS-20 statistical software, which enabled them to obtain predictive values for buying intentions. The findings derived from the implementation of multiple regression methodologies revealed that the perceived benefit and sustainability factors exerted the greatest impact on the predictive capacity of customers' inclination to purchase insurance via online platforms in the Indian market. The study's model accounted for roughly 64.50% of the total variance in online purchasing intention in the insurance industry. The implications of the research findings extend to policy makers, marketers, and customers operating within the online insurance industry. Finally, the aforementioned findings can assist customers in making well-informed decisions when evaluating various online insurance alternatives.
  Keywords: insurance; online; consumer behaviour; multiple regression.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJICBM.2023.10060050
   
  
• Examine the Factors Affecting the Acceptance of Mobile Banking Payments: A Study of Gen Z  
  by Zankruti Raval, Vishal M. Tidake, Jigar Nagvadia, Farana Kureshi, Rohit Lala 
  Abstract: This research examines how Generation Z in India accepts mobile payments (m-payments). Generation Z, the youngest and most tech-savvy consumer generation, shapes payment system futures. This study examines their attitudes, beliefs, and adoption behaviours about m-payments in India to determine their acceptance determinants. Using quantitative surveys and qualitative interviews, a representative sample of Generation Z from across India will be surveyed. The research will analyse data using technology acceptance theories. The research utilised 381 generation Z mobile banking users from Gujarat. Structural equation modelling tested the theory. Performance expectation, effort expectancy, social influence, enabling circumstance, hedonic incentive, and perceived value promote Gen Z M-Banking acceptance in India. This research illuminates Generation Z’s adoption of m-payments in India’s main drivers and constraints for academics, business, and government. These insights will help design targeted m-payment adoption strategies to promote financial inclusion and digital transformation in the nation.
  Keywords: mobile banking; digital payments; acceptance of Gen Z; technology acceptance.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJICBM.2023.10060189
   
  
• Emerging Patterns in Socially Responsible Investment: An Empirical Study of Indian IT Workers' Behavioural Intention  
  by Sagarika Mohanty, Manoranjan Dash, Lingam Naveen, Ajitav Acharya, Debabrata Sharma, Kamalakanta Muduli 
  Abstract: The present study intends to investigate the behavioural intention of Indian IT workers in socially responsible securities investments. Additionally, it analyses the effectiveness of the theory of reasoned action (TRA) model to forecast the investment behaviour of IT workers in this context. Four variables have been added to the TRA, namely, financial literacy, perceived risk, financial return, and environmental concern. Using a self-administered questionnaire, IT workers from different states of India were surveyed and their responses were analysed with respect to the chosen variables through structural equation modelling (SEM). This study indicates that investors’ behaviour intention towards SRI is influenced by attitude, subjective norms, financial literacy, perceived risks, financial return, and environmental concern. Apart from attitude and subjective norms, the financial decision of investors also impacted by risk and return factors. In the case of SRI investment, financial literacy and environmental concern also plays a prominent role. As a result, it can be inferred that investors’ judgements towards SRI are influenced by impressions from their social networks as well as by financial rationale.
  Keywords: socially responsible investment; SRI; behavioural intention; investment; theory of reasoned action; TRA model; SRI investors.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJICBM.2023.10060470
   
  
• A Study on E-HRM Process in Selected IT and ITes Companies with Special Reference to Chennai  
  by M.M. Shanmugapriya, D. Venkatramaju 
  Abstract: Electronic human resource management (E-HRM) is a relatively new idea for developing countries like India. E-HRM is hardly ever applied in the industrial sector because most of its procedures are labour-intensive. E-HRM is the solution for the 21st century when production will be scaled up, most work will be automated, and human resource management will be extremely complex. This study examines the current E-HRM practices in Chennai's IT and ITES sectors and how they affect business success. Recruitment system, employee system, information management system, salary management system, learning and training system, idea and creativity exchange system are the nine criteria to evaluate E-HRM practices. On the other side, there is little correlation between organisational success and the employee system, information management system, and idea and creativity exchange system. Because HRM is in a transitional phase, the idea and creative exchange system and the staff management system ask for a more humanistic approach. For the evaluation of the individual constructs, descriptive analysis is used. ANOVA and T-tests analyse differences within the individual constructs regarding demographic variables. Cronbachs alpha method was used to test the reliability.
  Keywords: organisational performance; e-hiring; e-performance appraisal; e-learning; e-rewards; human resource management; HRM; electronic human resource management; E-HRM.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJICBM.2023.10060477
   
  
• Surveillance of Importance of Medicinal Plant Chitrak (Plumbago zeylanica) in the Treatment of Lifestyle Disorders and in Wellness Tourism: An Empirical Approach for 21st century Life Style  
  by Dr. Preeti Sharma, Bhavna Singh, Rohit Rastogi, Sandeep Kumar, Gunjan Nagar, Prashant Rathore 
  Abstract: After losing a lot, man has now learned to cherish nature again, slowly he is trying to return to his roots. Nowadays, Ayurveda and herbal medicine are popular. Descriptions of many divine medicines are found in Ayurveda, one of them is chitraka. Much clinical research proved its anti-diabetic and antioxidant properties. These therapeutic qualities of Plumbago zeylanica can be used in wellness tourism and hospitality in different manners. The plants extracts and oils are used in aromatherapy procedures, massages and cosmetic regimens. Visitors leave feeling renewed and rejuvenated and welcoming a real heaven of wellness. Plant of P. zeylanica looks very beautiful with its blue, red and white flowers and lush foliage. In this presented manuscript, we provide detailed knowledge about the plant Plumbago zeylanica as part of classic literature and modern literature as well. This manuscript will be helpful in revealing different facts of Plumbago zeylanica especially in the context of lifestyle disorders and wellness tourism as well.
  Keywords: Chitrak; Ayurveda; Deepana; Pachana; Agni; Lifestyle disorder; Wellness Tourism.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJICBM.2023.10060516
   
  
• A Study on the Impact of Corporate Governance on Working Capital Management MANAGEMENT  
  by Preeti Khatri, Mani Bhatia 
  Abstract: The objective of this research is to investigate how corporate governance mechanism affects working capital management of Indian Energy companies. The sample includes seven companies listed in the National Stock Exchange during the 20132022 financial years. The data was collected from the database of the Centre for Monitoring Indian Economy (CMIE) Prowess and annual reports of the respective company which were downloaded from the National Stock Exchange. We first diversified the characteristics of the board of directors in a diversity of board and diversity in board. Panel data analysis was applied in the study to test the hypothesis. The studys findings showed the positive impact of multiple directorships, ROA, and growth while an insignificant effect was found of other variables on working capital management. The findings are useful for investors, policymakers, and other stakeholders who are concerned with working capital efficiency.
  Keywords: corporate governance; working capital management; panel data; energy companies; India.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJICBM.2023.10060544
   
  
• Entrepreneurs' Self-selection of Informal Funds for Early-stage Start-ups: Empirical Study Using Evidence from India  
  by Vikku Agrawal, Jaykumar Padmanabhan 
  Abstract: The objective of the study is to analyse entrepreneurial funding from a demand-side perspective, focusing on the connection between personal characteristics of entrepreneurs and their inclination towards seeking informal funds for their early-stage venture. The research employs binary logistic regression on a purposive sample of 319 India-based entrepreneurs within the first five years of venture existence, to examine the relationship. Findings suggest that entrepreneurs' choice of informal funds is significantly impacted by the category of personal net-worth that they classify themselves into. Their formal education in business management does not significantly decide if they would choose informal external funds for business in early stages. Focus on early-stage entrepreneurs mitigates survivorship bias in entrepreneurship studies. Emphasis on informal funds in emerging economies suggests a potential for yielding unique insights. These findings can be used by policymakers to tailor initiatives, while other developing economies can adapt the insights to their own contexts.
  Keywords: start-up finance; informal funds; entrepreneur choice; early-stage venture; demand-side perspective; emerging economy; funding challenge; entrepreneur characteristics; entrepreneurship in India.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJICBM.2023.10060605
   
  
• Adapting to the Expectations and Behaviour of Generation Z Workforce at Workplace  
  by Neetika Sharma, Rajeshree Gokhale 
  Abstract: Generation Z is the latest to have entered the workforce. This generation consists of people born between the years 1995 and 2010. With this new workforce, business challenges and problems need to be addressed with a new approach. This generation brings in new patterns of behaviour. The present study aims to help business organisations understand the expectations and behaviour of this new generation in the workplace and create an environment which is conducive to the growth of businesses as well as the development of this generation. The study is based on primary data which was collected by administering a questionnaire that was distributed randomly amongst the Generation Z employees across different industries in Pune (India). The analysis of this data was carried out using factor analysis and Karl Pearson's correlation coefficient. The result of the study reveals that flexibility, communication, salary, benefits and rewards, work-life balance, technology, cross-cultural competence, teamwork and being independent are significant factors that influence the behaviour of Generation Z at workplace. The researcher hopes to equip the managers to understand, engage and retain Generation Z employees more effectively.
  Keywords: employee behaviour; employee expectations; generational differences; Generation Z; workforce; work values.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJICBM.2023.10060611
   
  
• Drivers of Work Engagement: Analyzing Fundamental Self-Evaluations and Psychological Atmosphere in Public and Private Banks in Chhattisgarh  
  by R. Vijaya Lakshmi, A.K. Chandra, G. V. V. Jagannha Rao 
  Abstract: Many professionals consider employee engagement as a fresh approach to human resources that can assist organisations in navigating rough and unpredictable market situations. For the banking sector, figuring out what factors influence employee engagement is still difficult. The purpose of this study was to provide theory-based empirical data on the relationship between employee self-evaluations and views of the organisational work environment. The job demands-resources (JDR) model by Demerouti and colleagues as well as Kahn’s idea of three psychological states served as the theoretical foundations. 412 respondents were surveyed using a standardised questionnaire in Chhattisgarh’s public and private sector banks’ chosen cities. Hierarchical multiple regression analyses were used that core self-evaluations (CSE) and four psychological climate (PSC) factors were positively correlated with employee engagement.
  Keywords: core self-evaluations; CSE; psychological climate; PSC; job demands-resources model; confirmatory factor analysis; hierarchical regression analysis.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJICBM.2023.10060632
   
  
• Analysing Critical indicators of initial performance of IPO: Evidence from an emerging market  
  by P. Sridevi, Nivetha S 
  Abstract: This research aims to develop models for factors that influence the performance of initial public offerings (IPO), by considering opening price acts as a good indicator for estimating the first-day closing price and initial performance of the IPO emerging Indian market using machine learning technique. This study analysed mainline IPOs of 247 Indian companies, traded and issued on NSE in the years 20092020. The study reveals the presence of underpriced IPOs in India, with 67% of IPOs being underpriced at the opening price on the listing day, and 64% remaining underpriced by the time the market closed on the listing day during the research period. The findings of this study strongly suggest that the opening price performance of an Indian IPO is influenced by 21 Day's return on the Nifty 50 index prior to the first trading date (MS21), and the initial day performance of an Indian IPO is influenced by the offer price (OP).
  Keywords: India; IPO performance; market sentiment; offer price; machine learning technique.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJICBM.2023.10060739
   
  
• Exploring the relationship between leadership style and employee engagement: Evidence from the banking industry  
  by Anjum Ajaz, Shabir Ahmad Bhat, Summaira Farooq 
  Abstract: This paper aims to explore the relationship between leadership style, i.e., servant leadership and employee engagement in the banking sector. The study attempts to predict dimensions of servant leadership style through employee engagement. This study was quantitative and used a cross-sectional survey design. Multi-stage cluster sampling technique was employed to select the respondents for the study. Data were collected through self-reported questionnaires of employees from select banking organisations in Jammu and Kashmir (J&K), India. Out of 380 questionnaires administered, 351 valid responses were received resulting in a response rate of 92% from the survey. Our study utilised SPSS 21.0 for analysing the frequencies, summary statistics, correlations of observed variables and coefficient alpha. The partial least squares structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM) technique was used for data analysis and hypothesis testing. The paper finds that the servant leadership style facilitates subordinates to engage in their work and encourages subordinates to speak up. The results indicated that servant leadership is a significant predictor of employee engagement and a positive relationship was found between dimensions of servant leadership and employee engagement.
  Keywords: servant leadership; employee engagement; banking sector; leadership style.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJICBM.2023.10060828
   
  
• Green Financing as a Means for Fostering Organic Farming: An Evidence from the Indian State of Kerala  
  by Jins Varkey, Sujathan PK 
  Abstract: Green financing, thanks to its inherent advantages, has nowadays become the most coveted attraction everywhere. The paper examines the realisation of organic farming via the formal credit overwhelmingly through the linkage between self-help groups and micro finance institutions. There was a marked increase in the growing of organic farming as the formal credit is linked through SHGs. The paper concludes that release of formal credit fructifies the cultivation of organic farming among rural folks which prepares the ground not only for improving the lot of marginalised communities but also for guaranteeing sustainable development in developing nations.
  Keywords: organic farming; green financing; self-help groups; SHGs; micro finance institutions; MFIs; tribes; rural.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJICBM.2023.10060832
   
  
• An empirical comparison of profitability performance from the viewpoints of public, private, and international banks  
  by Hardik Gandhi, Ravi N. Sachula, Timcy C. Mehta, Navneet Kumar, Komal Srivastava , Falguni Prajapati 
  Abstract: In the last two decades, the performances of the service sector catch the attention of economists and trade specialists. The reason of this attention is service sector contributes almost 55%in of the Indian GDP. Banking is one of the key sectors I the areas of financial services. The current study focuses on a comparison of public, private, and foreign banks’ financial performance. Three popular banks from each category were selected on the basis of their financial performance over the last five years. A descriptive longitudinal design was applied to compare the financial performance of the nine banks. Outcomes of ratio analysis found that Bank of America has the lowest debt-equity ratio, while the standard chartered bank has the highest. All nine banks were compared with ranks over performances of financial performance.
  Keywords: service sector; financial performance; public banks; private banks; foreign banks.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJICBM.2023.10060842
   
  
• Impact of Physical and Social Environment on Residential Satisfaction with special reference to Surat City: A PLS-SEM based approach  
  by Gopal Goswami, Hemantkumar P. Bulsara 
  Abstract: This study emphasises the impact of dwelling unit features and the social environment on the overall satisfaction of residents. For the study, a structured questionnaire was prepared using a five-point Likert scale and was filled out by 500 beneficiaries of Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojna (PMAY). Relevant hypotheses were developed to explore the association and mediating effect of variables and analysed through PLS-SEM using multi-group analysis (MGA). The findings reveal that dwelling unit features are significantly related to the social environment and residential satisfaction. Additionally, the social environment also plays a significant role in overall resident satisfaction, mediating the relationship between dwelling unit features and overall satisfaction. This study has important implications for architects, urban planners, and policymakers, who can use these findings to make better decisions to improve housing quality, promote well-being, and enhance overall resident satisfaction. A comprehensive strategy for fostering overall resident satisfaction should be developed based on these insights.
  Keywords: dwelling units; residential satisfaction; physical characteristics; social environment; residential buildings; Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojna; PMAY; neighbourhood; social support; quality of life.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJICBM.2023.10060911
   
  
• Influence of leadership behaviours in enhancing employee performance with reference to work characteristics of virtual teams  
  by Gouri R. Javali, Dr. Madhu B. K. 
  Abstract: For any organisation to be successful, employee performance is very crucial. The growing importance of leadership roles and behaviours in increasing virtual teams' employee performance has been the catalyst of this study. The study is empiric in nature. Focus-group discussions and online survey using a questionnaire were done, yielding 180 replies from virtual groups of software professionals of Bengaluru. The data gathered is then analysed with the IBM SPSS 20 application utilising inference and descriptive statistics. The study indicated a positively significant correlation among the leadership behaviours and work characteristics, which leads to improved employee performance in the teams that are virtual. The analysis provides experiential data that reinforces the idea of leadership behaviours, which states that whenever leaders demonstrate greater levels of task and relations-oriented leadership behaviour contributing to work characteristics in a simulated setting, employee performance can be optimised. The study's managerial implications and potential possibilities for further research are mentioned at the end of the paper.
  Keywords: leaders' behaviours; work characteristics; employee performance; virtual teams.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJICBM.2023.10060958
   
  
• Influencing Factors for Indian Customers' Purchase Intentions for Online Shopping  
  by Divya Vyas 
  Abstract: Understanding of different behavioural aspects of Indian consumers and accordingly designing the online shopping experience for particular customer segments is the need of businesses, it necessitates behavioural research to examine and predict the behaviour and purchase intentions of Indian consumers. This research is conducted to explore the influencing factors of customers' purchase intention in India where purchase is a family decision and complex because of its socio-cultural settings. The study tests the unified theory of acceptance and use of technology2 (UTAUT2) extended model in the Indian context to study factors influencing customers' purchase intention in online shopping. Samples of 630 respondents are collected. Socio-cultural context would also play a significant role in the degree of influence of purchase intention. For this moderating impact of age gender marital status and education are also studied. This study extends UTAUT2 model by adding marital status and education level as a moderating variable.
  Keywords: purchase intention; online shopping; technology acceptance; Indian demographics; age; gender; marital status; education level.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJICBM.2023.10061081
   
  
• Predicting Work Engagement by work place spirituality with mediating role of organizational commitment  
  by Komal Pandya, Narayan Baser 
  Abstract: The primary aim of this research is to investigate the influence of workplace spirituality on organisational commitment. The scale was adopted in the construction of a questionnaire with the aim of investigating the model. The study obtained a total of 417 valid replies from participants living in urban areas, all of whom have at least two years of professional work experience. The PLS-4 system was deployed for empirical analysis, findings reveal a significant impact of workplace spirituality on organisational commitment and job engagement. This research is expected to provide advantages for individuals in, practitioners in the field, and policymakers.
  Keywords: spiritual leadership; organisation commitment; spirituality; work engagement; SEM.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJICBM.2023.10061205
   
  
• Quality of urban life: A bibliometric analysis  
  by Neeraj Patel, Ajay Kumar 
  Abstract: This study aims for bibliometric analysis of a collection of literature on the quality of urban life from the Web of Science and Scopus datasets. We used a final dataset of 609 documents on the quality of urban life after analysis and compilation. This study uses the statistical software R for data processing and analysis and VOSviewer for visualisation. The outcomes reflect data concerning keen authors, the most impactful citation-based articles, the most prolific countries, and other factors. According to the lexical network analysis, the quality of urban life has a substantial co-occurrence link with the three commonly occurring terms sustainable development, urban planning, and sustainability. The countries that publish the most articles are the United States, China, Italy, Germany, Turkey, and the UK. Journals like Social Indicators Research, Sustainability and Cities are the most prominent for research on the quality of urban life.
  Keywords: bibliometric analysis; quality of urban life; urban area; urban development; urban planning.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJICBM.2023.10061210
   
  
• A Comprehensive Employee Performance Enhancement Model for Indian Organised Sectors  
  by Pradip Kumar Nanda, G. Nagasubramaniyan 
  Abstract: The study aims to create a comprehensive model for enhancing employee performance in the Indian organised sector. A longitudinal study was conducted using a self-reported questionnaire with 40 indicators. The model was validated and found to be deterministic, with psychological ownership, employee empowerment, initiatives, and adaptive performance being key factors. This research contributes to performance management literature by integrating these factors into the job demand and resources theory. It offers practical insights for organisations to prioritise resources and interventions, promote informed decision making, and support policies and practices. The study’s originality lies in demonstrating four-factor relationships with employee performance that were not previously documented or expected.
  Keywords: employee performance; psychological ownership; employee empowerment; initiatives; adaptability.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJICBM.2023.10061249
   
  
• Future Research Trends in Green Human Resource Management: A Bibliometric Approach  
  by Bharat Kumar Lakra, Subrata Kumar Sahoo, Suman Choudhary, Biswajit Prasad Chhatoi 
  Abstract: Global warming, pollution, the energy crisis, drought, and other hazardous environmental issues result from industrialisation for economic expansion. Companies are incorporating ecological concerns into their operations as a business strategy to address these problems. Green human resource management (GHRM), has emerged as a crucial business strategy for such organisations. The objective of the current research is to analyse research trends and scientific mapping in GHRM. 324 documents from the Scopus database have been analysed by using the VOSviewer. The findings demonstrate that the GHRM is still in its developing stage. The prominent journal is the Asia Pacific Journal of Human Resources, which has 325 citations for GHRM. Jabbour, C.J.C. is the most productive author in GHRM. The Republic of China has produced the highest number of documents. The subjects of business management and social science are the sole areas of concentration in the reviewed literature.
  Keywords: green human resource management; GHRM; environment management; bibliometric study; VOSviewer.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJICBM.2023.10061252
   
  
• Employee Experience Design of the Employee Onboarding Process at a medium scale Manufacturing Company  
  by Vandana Mohanty, Mangesh Kulkarni 
  Abstract: Employee experience is a holistic perception of an employee’s journey with an organisation, described by the employee life cycle. This study focuses on designing and implementing the employee experience of the onboarding stage. Using the phased transition approach, researchers have created an employee experience model considering critical touch points of the onboarding stage as described in various literature on onboarding. The model is called the new employee transition model of orientation-connection-socialisation. The model is tested with the target population of new employees in a manufacturing company selected through purposive sampling. The findings indicate that each of these transitions correctly defines the growth and significantly impacts the positive employee experience of the onboarding stage for the new employees. A well-designed and executed development across these three steps of the onboarding stage creates a significant positive employee experience for the new employees.
  Keywords: orientation; employee life cycle; onboarding; positive employee experience.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJICBM.2023.10061275
   
  
• Evaluating Stock Performance and Governance in Commercial Banks: A Decision Analytics Perspective  
  by Vinay Kumar Shaw, Sanjib Biswas, Gautam Bandyopadhyay, Prasenjit Chatterjee 
  Abstract: This paper aims to conduct a comparative assessment of stock performance and governance in leading commercial banks, while exploring the link between the two. The study utilises an integrated multi-criteria decision making (MCDM) framework, combining logarithmic percentage change-driven objective weighting (LOPCOW) and compromise ranking of alternatives from distance to ideal solution (CRADIS) for a period of ten consecutive financial years from 20102011 to 20192020. The Borda count method is employed to aggregate ranking results across different years. The findings indicate that private sector banks outperformed their public sector counterparts in terms of stock performance and governance. Furthermore, a significant positive association between stock performance and governance is observed. A comparative analysis with different MCDM methods and a sensitivity analysis have been done to ensure solution stability and reliability. Overall, this study provides decision makers with a comprehensive and objective measurement of stock performance and governance of banks across multiple periods.
  Keywords: bank performance; stock market; Basel III; multi-criteria decision making; MCDM; LOPCOW; CRADIS; Borda count.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJICBM.2023.10061305
   
  
• Does Small Cap fund Out-performance their Counterparts?  
  by Senthil Arasu Balasubramanian, Rajesh A.D.J. Jeyaprakash, Jeevananthan Manickavasagam 
  Abstract: The paper aims to understand the dynamics of small cap fund performance in comparison with midcap and multicap funds in the mutual fund business. The findings from the study provide strong guidelines for investors in selecting mutual funds based on the growth strategies which will add wealth to the investors. Adopted various return and risk frameworks to identify the performance of the funds in the business. Tools adopted are probabilistic Sharpe ratio, Carhart four-factor models, and MI index. The result suggests that small cap fund performance edge over other counterparts in the study for the period of 2016 to 2022. Small-cap fund adds value to the investor in the mutual fund business. Small-cap funds adopted value and momentum strategies to build wealth for the retail investor. The present study provides insight to investors while selecting funds based on market capitalisation in the mutual fund business.
  Keywords: small cap funds; mutual fund industry; investor decision; market capitalisation; Carhart performance model.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJICBM.2023.10061337
   
  
• Examining the Relationship between Debt and Wellbeing amongst Rural Households in India  
  by Muhammed Nowfal S, Sreejith S 
  Abstract: Consumers owe more today than ever, and the household debt to GDP ratio in India is increasing at a higher pace than in any other emerging economy. The present study investigates the effects of debt on life satisfaction and general health among rural households in India. The study further examined the role of financial worry in the association between debt and well-being. The data were collected from 360 lower and middle-income households, and the constructed hypotheses were tested using structural equation modelling in AMOS. The findings suggested significantly negative direct relationships among subjective debt, life satisfaction and general health. Besides, financial worry mediated the relationships between subjective debt, life satisfaction and general health. The study offers solid theoretical and practical implications.
  Keywords: financial worry; debt; subjective well-being; rural households; life satisfaction.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJICBM.2023.10061425
   
  
• A Bibliometric Analysis of Online Shopping Research: Trends, Patterns, and Future Prospects  
  by Vinay . 
  Abstract: This paper provides a comprehensive overview of the existing research on online shopping using bibliometric methodology aiming to identify the key themes, research areas, and influential authors and publications related to online shopping. A total of 8,283 documents were retrieved through the primary search, which was then filtered and finally, 1,331 journal articles were included in the analysis. The findings reveal that the most prominent research themes are e-commerce adoption, online trust and security, online shopping motivations, and website design and usability. The study also identifies the most prolific authors and their research networks, as well as potential areas for future research. This paper provides valuable insights into the current state of research on online shopping and can aid researchers in identifying promising avenues for future investigation.
  Keywords: e-commerce; online shopping; online trust; Amazon; Flipkart.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJICBM.2023.10061474
   
  
• An Empirical Study of the Quality of Education Offered by Universities in the State of Assam, India  
  by Santosh Kumar Anand, Sanjay Pratap Singh, Vivekanand Pandey 
  Abstract: This article aims to study the quality of education provided by the universities in Assam. This paper examines the quality and competence of faculties, the significance of the curriculum and on-campus training, and its relationship with the employability of recent graduates. The study has been conducted using the primary data collected from the students and faculties of the universities in Assam and analysed. The findings suggest faculties do not recognise the needs of students, they are neither giving personal attention nor interested in the academic pursuits of neither students nor treating them equally and politely. Further, the courses offered by the university do not offer practical orientation and the design of courses does not suit the personal and professional requirements of the students. The empirical findings of this study explain the reasons behind the unemployability of the graduates passing out from these institutions, which may be of relevance to policymakers.
  Keywords: cost of education; employability; higher education; quality parameters; quality of education; India.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJICBM.2023.10061606
   
  
• An Overview of Research Evolution in Financial Inclusion: A Bibliometric Analysis  
  by Shveta Singh, Rohtash Bhall 
  Abstract: This reviews focal point thoroughly examines crucial conceptual development and financial inclusion elements using bibliometric Analysis through R and VosViewer. The Scopus database, used to guide the investigation, turned up 2000 documents over 25 years, from 1998 to 2022. To highlight the intellectual organisation of the discipline, pinpoint gaps, and identify essential work, citation networks, co-citation analysis, and publishing trends have all been used. Using bibliometric analysis, the most well-known journals, authors, nations, articles, and themes have been determined. According to the findings, India is the most productive nation, Sustainability is the most productive journal, Munene J.C. is the most productive author, the Department of Finance, Risk Management, and Banking is the most productive division, Makerere University is the most productive university, Sarma M. is the author who has received the most citations, and the word finance is used the most. Potential study fields have been identified after a conceptual agenda that presents the entire picture has been displayed.
  Keywords: : Financial inclusion; Bibliometric Analysis; citation networks,and cocitation analysis.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJICBM.2023.10061664
   
  
• Socio-cultural and motivational dimensions of rural migration decision in Himalayan region: An exploratory factor analysis  
  by Maya Kant Awasthi  
  Abstract: Mountainous rural Himalayan region in India is facing acute livelihood distress and socio-economic crisis in the region. To cope up with this crisis, rural people increasingly consider out migration as an option of achieving economic stability, access to various services and development opportunities. The large out bound migration from the rural areas typically leads to disruption of delicate ecological balance along with the serious social, economic, and ecological consequences. As a result, arresting and reversing rural migration has been a policy goal of various national and state governments in India. Using exploratory factor analysis, study identified livelihood adequacy, ease of living, social and cultural factors, market linkage status in the area, quality of basic services and lifestyle aspirations of rural people as six important motivational dimensions which influence migration decision of rural people. Study findings indicate that rural migration is a multidimensional issue and cannot be looked from the narrow economic and livelihood prism. Study suggests that any rural migration mitigating intervention strategy must address these six dimensions of rural migration to ensure effectiveness of rural migration tackling strategies.
  Keywords: rural migration decision; socio-cultural; motivational dimensions; exploratory factor analysis.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJICBM.2023.10061672
   
  
• Impact of Factor on the Fish Production Among the Small-Scale Fish Farmers and Assessment of Socio-economic status in Cauvery Deltaic Region, Tamil Nadu, Southern India  
  by Sindhuja Sachithanatham, B. Varadarajan 
  Abstract: Socio-economic status of small-scale fish farms is impacted by a various factor. The factors that most significantly impacted the quantity and quality of fish production also had a direct impact on livelihood. From February 2022 to August 2022, a survey was conducted to assess the socio-economic status and its determinants on fish production. 130 small-scale fish farmers surveyed by open-ended questionnaire method. Results shows, men alone were managing farms between the ages of 41 and 50 with 32% of them were undergraduates but without experience. Borewell was more frequently utilised with own land that is less than 2 acres in size. In fishers, disease and pest infestation are huge problems, then other problems. Out of all the variables, ten factors had an 84% high correlation with fish production. We recommended, the appropriate awareness and easily accessible government scheme to the farmers.
  Keywords: fisheries; Mayiladuthurai; production; small-scale; India; socio-economic.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJICBM.2023.10061705
   
  
• Social CRM Continuance Intention: The moderation effect of Customer Privacy Concerns  
  by Libin Thomas, Zakkariya K. A, Muhammed Sajid N 
  Abstract: Social customer relationship management (social CRM) has emerged as a pivot focus for many businesses aiming to enhance their customer experience. This paper aims to understand the customer's continuance intention to use social CRM in the Indian e-travel and hotel booking industry using the technology acceptance model (TAM). This empirical research is based on a survey that involved 476 customers of e-travel booking businesses, and CB-SEM was employed for data analysis. The statistical analysis revealed that social CRM positively impacts attitude and continuance intention to use social CRM through perceived usefulness and ease of use. Customer privacy concerns negatively moderate the relationships between perceived usefulness and ease of use of social CRM and attitude and continuance intention towards social CRM.
  Keywords: social CRM; technology acceptance model; TAM; e-commerce; perceived usefulness; perceived ease of use; attitude; continuous intention.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJICBM.2023.10061706
   
  
• Examine behavioural and cultural aspect of online mutual fund investor intention by technological adoption and intention theory  
  by Kinnarry Thakkar, Shyambihari Prajapati, Harsha Jariwala, Dr.Ajay Trivedi, Priyanka Bhatt, Ritesh Patel 
  Abstract: Online mutual funds are popular among individuals in India. Mobile applications provide investors with the ability to customise digital mutual funds. The present study assesses the various factors pertaining to online mutual funds. A cross-sectional survey was conducted to collect responses from online mutual fund investors in Gujarat, resulting in a sample size of 400 valid responses. The structural equation models (PLS-4) were utilised for the analysis of the model. Research findings suggest that online mutual fund investing is influenced by factors such as performance expectations, perceived benefits, and trust. The adoption of mutual funds is primarily motivated by the desire to achieve superior performance and reap associated benefits. The findings of this study have the potential to assist marketers and policymakers in promoting investor engagement through the streamlining of investment processes and technology.
  Keywords: online mutual fund; buying intention; investment; perceived trust; adoption; technology.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJICBM.2023.10061803
   
  
• Mapping the Landscape of Mutual Fund Flow and Performance Relationships: A Comprehensive Bibliometric Literature Review  
  by Shveta Singh, Dipika Chahal 
  Abstract: The purpose of the bibliometric review is to examine the research publications and to explore the prominent dimensions as well as learn about the major advances on mutual fund flow and performance relationships. The sample of the study is composed of 134 out of a total of 3,998 research articles during 1997 to 2022 from the Scopus database that met the search requirements or is directly related to fund flow and fund performance studies and analysed in R studio and VOSViewer software. The findings exhibited that the field of fund flow and performance is recently evolving with the emerging and growing aspects. The study is significant for its methodological approach and makes several substantial contributions to the body of literature such as; it facilitates the identification of the most impactful studies, the most influential authors, and emerging themes in this field.
  Keywords: fund flow; fund performance; mutual fund; bibliometric analysis; citation analysis; research trends.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJICBM.2023.10061867
   
  
• Delineating Philanthropy and Responsibility in Parsi Businesses: An Analysis Across Timelines  
  by Srushti Govilkar, Sarika Srivastava, Ruchi Tewari 
  Abstract: Acts to social welfare (read responsibility) have been integral to Indian ethos across different religion-cultural segments. This study focuses on Parsis, a minority community but highly active in business activities. It traces their historical and cultural lineage of philanthropy and social development and how it has contributed to nation-building. This paper identifies the motivators of responsibility in Parsi-owned business units. It also brings out the Indianness of corporate social responsibility (CSR) and elucidates the role of communication in promoting responsibility in businesses owned by members of the Parsi community. A systematic content analysis of biographies of leading Parsi entrepreneurs is made to bring out shreds of evidence. The paper discusses the current stance of mandatory CSR against the voluntariness of philanthropy and charity practiced earlier.
  Keywords: responsibility; philanthropy; communication; Indian culture; Parsi; corporate social responsibility; CSR.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJICBM.2023.10061869
   
  
• Project complexity management: Research trends and the way forward  
  by Parnika Singh Yadav, Virendra Kumar Paul 
  Abstract: The issue of poor performance in terms of time and cost overruns of the projects is defined as an outcome of the emerging complexities associated with construction projects. The current paper investigates the research trends and patterns in the field of construction project complexity assessment and management. The research encompasses a methodical analysis using bibliometric analysis of significant academic publications in project complexity management. The major findings of the study include the limitations of existing complexity theories, potential determinants of project complexity and assessment models. The need for specifying complexity specific to project typologies, integration of complexity theories with existing project management practice are identified in this study. Further, this paper attempts to conceptualise a theoretical project complexity assessment and management model associated with complex construction projects.
  Keywords: complexity; projects; project management; frameworks; factors; complexity management; systematic review.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJICBM.2023.10062064
   
  
• Hurdles of Financial Inclusion: a Pragmatic Enquiry from Slum-Dwellers' Perspective  
  by Biswajit Prasad Chhatoi  
  Abstract: The current study examines the causes of the non-accessibility accounts by the beneficiaries. The respondents are the beneficiaries of PMDJY limited to the geographical scope of Rourkela city. Out of nine hundred seventeen scrutinised account holders who opened bank accounts before 2016, 220 account holders were targeted randomly as the respondents. By administrating a close-ended questionnaire, the causes of the non-accessibility of bank accounts have been collected. The interviews are conducted during the evening as the respondents are slum dwellers engaged in income-generating activities during the daytime. A Basic Savings Bank Deposit account cannot ensure and enhance banking participation. The increased supply of banking facilities will gradually strengthen the demand and use of the facilities. To achieve complete financial inclusion and ensure active participation, the banks must enhance their banking infrastructure, product awareness, financial literacy, and technological literacy among the beneficiaries.
  Keywords: PMJDY; financial inclusion; financial literacy; banking infrastructure; product awareness.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJICBM.2023.10062191
   
  
• Linking multiple sources of workplace incivility to service employee creativity: A study among frontline hotel employees in India  
  by Anjaly A, Nemat Sheereen S 
  Abstract: This study aims to examine the association between multiple sources of workplace incivility (co-worker and customer incivility) and service employee creativity and to understand the role of loneliness at work in linking the said relationship. The study also aims to compare the effects of co-worker and customer incivility on loneliness at work. Self-reported data were collected from the frontline hotel employees working in India using a web-based survey. Structural equation modelling was used to test the hypotheses proposed in the study. The study results supported that co-worker and customer incivility impaired frontline hotel employee creativity through the feeling of loneliness at work. In this, co-worker incivility was found to be the most damaging effect on loneliness at work compared to customer incivility. The study findings provide guidelines for managers to identify and take measures to reduce the multiple sources of workplace incivility.
  Keywords: co-worker incivility; customer incivility; loneliness at work; service employee creativity; India.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJICBM.2023.10062192
   
  
• From customer incivility to turnover intention: Roles of negative affect state and customer-oriented perspective taking  
  by Anjaly A, Nemat Sheereen S 
  Abstract: The study aims to empirically analyse the effect of customer incivility on turnover intention and the mediating role of the negative affect state on the said relationship. The study also examines the moderating role of customer-oriented perspective taking in mitigating the adverse effect of customer incivility on negative affect state and turnover intention. The study adopted a time-lagged methodological design by collecting data in two intervals and data was collected from 419 frontline hotel employees. Data analysis was conducted using the structural equation modelling technique and process macro models. The findings supported that customer incivility positively related to turnover intention and negative affect state mediated the positive relationship. Further, customer-oriented perspective taking ability of frontline employees buffers the effects of customer incivility on the negative affect state directly on turnover intention indirectly through the negative affect state. The findings of the study provide various contributions to theory and practice.
  Keywords: customer incivility; negative affect state; turnover intention; customer-oriented perspective taking.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJICBM.2024.10062269
   
  
• Modelling drivers and inhibitors of the automotive belt industry in India: An ISM-ANN approach  
  by Sushant Kumar, Atul Singh 
  Abstract: The study aims to identify critical factors influencing the automotive belt industry in India, which is one of the largest manufacturers and consumers of power transmission belts. The multi-method analysis is followed for this study. First, a review of literature and Delphi techniques with industry experts are used to identify the relevant factors. Then, interpretive structural modelling (ISM) approach is employed to create models exhibiting the linear relationships among them. The second stage includes using artificial neural network (ANN) on models identified using ISM approach. ISM analysis identified six growth-inhibiting factors (GIF) extended over five levels and nine growth-driving factors (GDF) developed over six levels. Further, the results of ANN offered the factors having greater relative importance for GIF and GDF models. This model presents the most influential factors by using the ANN approach that guides managers to take necessary action to ensure the industry’s growth.
  Keywords: automotive belt industry; driving factors; inhibiting factors; interpretative structure modelling; ISM; artificial neural network; ANN; India.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJICBM.2023.10062660
   
  
• Predicting Customer Intention Towards E-Payment Systems in Online Retailers  
  by Rupali Khaire, Kishori Dalwadi, K. Meenatchi Somasundari, Niraj Chaudhari, Manpreet Uppal, Aditya Jani 
  Abstract: This study aims to examine the various factors that influence the intention of e-customers who engage in online shopping. The researchers employed a cross-sectional study design to collect data pertaining to the responses of individuals engaged in online shopping. A convenient sampling method was utilised to gather a total of 430 valid responses from major cities in the GUJRAT region. The ADANCO (VBSEM) software was utilised to analyse the structural model. The findings of the path analysis indicate that trust, reliability, and website have a significant impact on customer intention towards e-payment systems. The current study possesses considerable practical value for policymakers, online enterprises, and managers.
  Keywords: online shoppers; security; trust; reliability; risk; privacy concern.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJICBM.2023.10062343
   
  
• Breaking Down Implementation and Integration Challenges for Lean with Industry 4.0 in the Heavy Fabrication Industries: An ISM Study  
  by Karthikeyan Ramu, J. Jerald, Aadithya B.G 
  Abstract: To improve organisational performance and competitiveness, organisations have started applying lean and Industry 4.0 techniques. Regrettably, many initiatives face some difficulties in execution due to a variety of barriers, resulting in failures. This article attempts to highlight and evaluate the barriers to successful integration and implementation of lean and Industry 4.0 techniques for a clear interpretation and understanding in the heavy fabrication industries. Interpretative structural modelling (ISM) was used to construct the self-interaction and final reachability matrix, with contributions from industrial and educational specialists. Furthermore, the key driving force and dependence strength of the barriers have also been discovered. The important findings of this research are reluctance in top and middle management support, ineffective long-term initiative planning, and Inadequate knowledge of lean and Industry 4.0 methods. This ISM model represents a more detailed look at the issues that professionals in the heavy fabrication sectors experience while implementing lean and Industry 4.0 techniques.
  Keywords: Industry 4.0; lean; interpretive structural modelling; ISM; heavy fabrication industries; matrix impact of cross multiplication applied to classification; MICMAC.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJICBM.2023.10062433
   
  
• Escalation of Frauds in E-Commerce Posting Threats to Consumer Fortuity during COVID-19  
  by Shalini ., Shakshi Kothari 
  Abstract: The leap use of the internet and online transactions in e-commerce dispensed many consumer-related dilemmas regarding their rights and safeguards. This motivated the researchers to touch on the zenith of this problem and attempt for practical resolutions. The central question of this research pertains to whether during the COVID-19 period. E-commerce platforms did justice to the consumers and whether the existing domestic and international legal framework was competent to tackle the emerging digital conundrums. Part of the paper mainly analyses chronologically the development of law in India to deal with the matters of e-commerce and how the same has gradually developed in the recent past. This section of the paper attempts to find the lacunas in the existing laws and regulations which failed to address major problems that online consumers faced during COVID-19. The researchers have relied on an empirical study conducted on a sample of 126 consumers who have indulged in buying goods and services from e-commerce sites. The data presented has been analysed with the intention of understanding the consumer's perspectives about their experience of online shopping during this pandemic. Further, the paper has strived to analyse this consumer's dilemmas in light of the international legal framework also.
  Keywords: e-commerce; COVID-19; online frauds; consumer rights; consumer laws.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJICBM.2023.10062497
   
  
• Glass Ceiling for Women in India: Way Forward to Break it. Evidence from the two decades of Bibliometric Analysis  
  by Murali Ramachandran, Arockiam Kulandai, Arul Sulochana Yesudas 
  Abstract: The concept of women and the glass ceiling is a contentious issue in the world. Women’s under-representation seems to be found in all spheres of life across the globe. The majority of positions are occupied by men in India and are not allowed women to attain higher positions. It is commonly found in wage fixation wherein women are facing discrimination in terms of pay, promotion, and prestigious awards. The researchers have done a bibliometric analysis. The analysis was based on data from the most cited authors in the Scopus database, at the national and international level. However, there is gender gap, slowly the glass ceiling is getting broken and women are getting into top positions across all the industries. The authors conducted bibliometric analysis using the keyword Glass ceiling of women managers in India. Researchers suggest that government intervention is the means to solve problems through procedural and distributive justice.
  Keywords: women; glass ceiling; higher positions; wage discrimination; India.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJICBM.2023.10062498
   
  
• A Bibliometric and Scientometric approach-based review of Indian Cultural and Environmental Indicators Influencing Health and Safety in Construction Industry  
  by Deep Upadhyaya, Mohhammedshakil Malek 
  Abstract: Construction workers have a high rate of serious injuries and deaths due to dangerous working conditions. Understanding the Indicators Influencing Health and Safety in Construction (IIHSIC) may reduce construction dangers and occurrences. This analysis extracted 181 papers from SCOPUS. This study examined the literature to find the International Institute of High Scientific and Intellectual Capacities (IIHSIC). A VOS-viewer is used for scientometric analysis and scientific mapping. An intensive review of the papers obtained allowed the current research to provide a complete qualitative discourse that neatly encompasses four unique clusters of words related to the issue under consideration. These clusters include organisational, behavioural, performance, and protective characteristics. These indicators provide stakeholders and policymakers a framework to improve on-site safety. These indicators help stakeholders and policymakers assess health and safety practises, identify areas for improvement, and execute targeted interventions to reduce risks and enhance workplace safety.
  Keywords: Scientometric; indicators; health and safety; construction; VOS viewer.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJICBM.2023.10062604
   
  
• A study on the effect of non-psychological factors on the adoption of three-wheeler electric vehicles  
  by Navin Mathew, G. Varaprasad 
  Abstract: The introduction of electric vehicles (EVs) is considered to be one of the most effective ways to control the environmental hazards caused by the emissions of internal combustion (IC) engine vehicles. India is the global market leader in the three-wheeler sector, and the emissions caused will also be of significant share. Though three-wheeler EVs are available in the market, consumers continue to exhibit purchasing resistance. This study aimed to find the non-psychological factors affecting the adoption of three-wheeler EVs. The model is analysed using partial least squares structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM) and importance-performance map analysis (IPMA) to rank the significant factors. Cost is the most important factor, followed by government policies and regulations, vehicle performance, and battery performance. This study can assist government agencies, marketers, and manufacturers in developing more effective strategies to determine and meet customer needs, which will increase the rate of adoption.
  Keywords: adoption; willingness to adopt; three-wheeler EV; PLS-SEM; cost; battery performance.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJICBM.2024.10062713
   
  
• Unveiling Influential Aspects Shaping Consumer Post-Purchase Satisfaction in the Consumer Durables Sector in the Context of Sustainable Attributes  
  by Rita Prusty, Manoranjan Dash, Subash Nath, Preeti Shadangi, Kamalakanta Muduli, Adimuthu Ramasamy 
  Abstract: Previous study on consumer post-purchase satisfaction has focused on diverse products in order to understand pleasure, demonstrating the larger interaction between consumer and product. This study seeks to comprehend a different element of the factors influencing post-purchase satisfaction in the consumer durables market. A structured questionnaire was used to collect data from 613 customers who had purchased durables in the previous six months using a quantitative research approach. The model was validated using the SEM model. According to the findings, perceived quality, brand image, and customer service quality all have a substantial impact on post-purchase satisfaction. In contrast, in the consumer durables industry, sustainable attributes and positive online reviews are inconsequential to consumer post-purchase satisfaction. Understanding post-purchase satisfaction determinants informs marketers and managers, aiding in the goods or services enhancement for improved customer loyalty and retention, and contributes to the existing literature on consumer post-purchase satisfaction in the consumer durables industry.
  Keywords: post-purchase satisfaction; consumer durables; brand image; product quality; sustainable attributes.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJICBM.2023.10062714
   
  
• Impact of Human Capital on Bank's Failure Prediction Model: A Study in the Indian Context  
  by Sukanya Wadhwa, Seshadev Sahoo 
  Abstract: This study investigates the link between bank failure and human capital efficiency in the Indian banking sector using generalised linear models. Analysing data from 238 Indian banks from April 1, 2010, to March 31, 2020, the research introduces new variables to enhance the existing bank failure prediction model. Key findings highlight the crucial role of managerial expertise in predicting bank failure, the preventive impact of higher liquidity, and the significance of top management quality. Notably, this study is the first to explore the relationship between bank failure and human capital in the Indian context, providing valuable insights for understanding and predicting banking stability.
  Keywords: human capital; banking; accounting; corporate social responsibility; return on equity.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJICBM.2024.10062825
   
  
• Factors influencing adoption of new improved crop varieties among rural farm holds: The case of rice farm holds in Kerala, India  
  by Neetha Rose C. D, Israel Thomas M 
  Abstract: Rural farm holds continue to use old improved crop varieties act as critical factor for agricultural productivity stagnation. This study aims to assess the adoption rate of improved rice varieties (IRV) with special attention to their release dates and factors affecting adoption of new IRVs at farm hold level in Kerala together with economic factors using Heckman selection model. Only nine per cent of the sample rice farm holds adopted new IRVs and remaining cultivates old IRVs which were released more than 20 years ago. The variables such as knowledge about new IRVs, training and exposure visit and economic benefits in terms of cultivation cost and returns significantly affect adoption probability. The policies exclusively focusing on productivity aspects need to be broadened to consider cost reduction, profit enhancement and complementary gains such as improved market access, value chain etc. for ensuring fair economic returns for farmers from heavy research investments.
  Keywords: adoption rate; Heckman selection model; adoption probability; improved rice variety; IRV; rural farm holds; microlevel adoption.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJICBM.2024.10062917
   
  
• Portraying the trends in Research on Entrepreneurial Scalability: A Bibliometric Analysis  
  by Manidipa DasGupta, Sandhya Kri Shaw 
  Abstract: The present study aims at showcasing the past and future trends in the knowledge area like entrepreneurial scalability which gets high attention of the research fraternity in the recent era. To fulfil the objective of the study, 537 articles firstly were collected from the Scopus e-database from 1980 to 2023 considering the searching tools like entrepreneurship OR entrepreneurs AND scaling OR scalability. From the collected data, 288 documents were finally considered for bibliometric analysis to visualise the research landscape through scientific mapping of VOSviewer 1.6.18. The study portrayed maximum publication in 2022 though started its journey in 1980. Addressing more contributions from developed countries than developing ones, the study identified five clusters in different periods (entrepreneurial scaling vs. poverty, social impact of entrepreneurial scalability, scalability strategies, entrepreneurial sustainability, entrepreneurial skill and innovation) and motivated future research trends towards the theme of entrepreneurial scalability and sustainability.
  Keywords: bibliometric analysis; entrepreneurship; scalability; scale up; small and micro enterprises; SMEs; social impact; sustainability; strategies.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJICBM.2023.10062928
   
  
• CSR and its impact on employee behaviour through Affective Events Mechanism  
  by Deepak Subba 
  Abstract: The study examines how corporate social responsibility helps employees reduce negative emotions. The researcher developed a comprehensive theoretical framework based on the Affective events mechanism. The present research used a cross-sectional design. A self-administered questionnaire was distributed to 268 financial sector employees, and the responses were collected using a convenience sampling technique. The findings indicated that CSR reduces employees' negative emotions and enhances organisational identification. Contrary to the expectations, results showed that organisational identification does not influence employees' negative emotions. Organisational identification does not mediate the relationship between CSR and negative emotion. Further, results indicated that compassion does not moderate the relationship between CSR and negative emotions. Notably, the findings contribute to the existing body of knowledge by scrutinising the persuading influence of CSR on employees' negative emotions by introducing the affective events mechanism. To the researcher's knowledge, this is the first study where organisational identification is tested as a mediator and compassion as a moderator in the relationship between CSR and negative emotions.
  Keywords: corporate social responsibility; CSR; organisational identification; OI; compassion; negative emotions and affective events mechanism.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJICBM.2024.10063412
   
  
• How Do ETF Splits Impact Return and Liquidity in India? Unveiling the Effects Through Event Study  
  by Chanchal Saini, Ishwar Sharma, Bhawana Verma 
  Abstract: The split event in exchange-traded funds is a relatively new phenomenon for an emerging economy like India. We investigate how split events impact the performance of Indian equity and gold ETFs in terms of returns and liquidity. We have used the standard event study methodology and the Wilcoxon signed-rank test. For the robustness of the result, we have used four different event windows, i.e., 61 days, 41 days, 21 days, and 11 days, including the event day. In the Indian context, investors consider split events a positive outlook. However, subsequent negative reactions indicate an overreaction of the market. Additionally, there is no evidence of any enhancement in liquidity. The results are helpful for short-term investors, suggesting they should clear their long positions on the split's ex-date as returns become negative after the ex-date. Moreover, they can hold a short position in ETFs about five days after the split.
  Keywords: ETFs performance; liquidity; split event; event study; exchange-traded funds; India.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJICBM.2024.10063413
   
  
• What drives continuous intentions towards mobile payment services: Probing the users' psychology from information quality, service quality, and system quality perspective.  
  by Shani Kumar, Sonia Chawla 
  Abstract: Existing user retention is critical for mobile payment service (MPS) providers. This research investigates factors influencing customer willingness to use mobile payment services (MPS) through the stimuli-organism-response (SOR) framework. It analyses information quality (IQ), service quality (SerQ), system quality (SQ), satisfaction, and trust as determinants of continuous intention for mobile payments. A sample of 563 Indian consumers is assessed using a mixed-method approach of partial least square-structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM) and fuzzy set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA) to ensure robustness and practical insights. The results identify trust and satisfaction as essential prerequisites for developing continuous intention toward MPS. System quality emerges as the primary determinant of satisfaction and trust, followed by information quality and service quality. These findings underscore the importance for MPS providers to deliver high-quality, technologically advanced solutions while nurturing consumer emotions.
  Keywords: stimuli-organism-response framework; SOR; quality; satisfaction; trust; continuance intention; fuzzy set qualitative comparative analysis; fsQCA; mobile payment service; MPS.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJICBM.2024.10063511
   
  
• Trends in MOOC research performed using technology frameworks: A systematic literature review of (2010-2022)  
  by Bhoopendra Singh, Sonu Goyal 
  Abstract: The massive surge of research studies conducted on MOOCs is a testament to the significance that MOOCs hold within the higher education and upskilling sector. Among the various technological models employed to understand e-learning consumer behaviour, the unified theory of acceptance and use of technology (UTAUT) has successfully shaped the landscape of future research studies. Furthermore, researchers have adapted and extended UTAUT into its enhanced version, UTAUT2, to assess MOOC user behaviour more effectively across four key aspects: adoption, continuance, experience and engagement. This paper explores various aspects of MOOC research by addressing five crucial research questions. By conducting a comprehensive literature review and analysing data, we gain valuable insights into the most investigated themes, extensions of UTAUT-1&2, geographical distribution, research methodologies, and citation trends in MOOC research. These findings serve as a guide for future researchers, shedding light on research gaps, emerging trends, and pathways to advance knowledge in the field. Additionally, it draws attention to under-researched factors such as course quality, content quality, gamification, affiliation, course duration, and educator (instructor) quality, which have the potential to further enhance the effectiveness of the technology framework in explaining MOOC user behaviour.
  Keywords: massive open online course; MOOC; UTAUT; UTAUT2; systematic literature review.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJICBM.2023.10063512
   
  
• Conceptualising and Measuring the Trading Behaviour of Indian Retail Investors in the Derivative Market - an SEM-based Analysis  
  by S.S. Mageswari, P. Sasirekha 
  Abstract: Capital markets' derivative markets have recently experienced stronger growth. In recent years, the financial markets derivative sector has grown more quickly. Investors' attention is shifting away from the stock market and towards the futures market. Individual investors are becoming more active in the derivatives market. While trading, psychological factors will lead investors to make impulsive and emotional judgements. This study tracks how attitude, personality traits and behavioural biases shape their investment intention and analyses the moderating role of financial literacy and self-efficacy on the derivative market. Snowball technique was adopted to collect the primary data from 125 investors from Coimbatore city. Mean and standard deviation, Kruskal Wallis test and structural equational model were used for analysing the collected data. The study concluded that attitude, personality traits and behavioural biases significantly influence investment intention and the moderating effect of financial literacy is more than self-efficacy.
  Keywords: attitude; behavioural biases; derivative market; financial literacy; Indian retail investors; personality traits; self-efficacy.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJICBM.2024.10063716
   
  
• A Study of Capital Structure of Indian Manufacturing Small and Medium Consumer Goods Enterprises  
  by Sunit Prasad, Rohini Jha, Amar Nath Jha 
  Abstract: Researchers worldwide have noted that SMEs confront serious financial management challenges that jeopardise their viability. How to finance their ventures is an issue that Indian SMEs are facing. Their personal funds and short-term debt play a major role in the current funding scenario. To comprehend the financial behaviour of Indian SMEs (especially those in the consumer goods industry), this study focuses on firm-specific determinants influencing the capital structure. Stagnant growth and the annual increase in sick units are the main reasons for selecting a given industry; more crucially, the financial behaviour of a particular SME business has not been examined more frequently. Panel data regression is used to assess the effect of firm-specific determinants on the capital structure of the setup for the period 20062017. The sample consists of 244 active non-financial functioning enterprises. Based on their operational demands, entrepreneurs select the inappropriate financing ratio, according to the findings.
  Keywords: Indian SMEs-specific industry; firm-specific factors; capital structure; panel data regression; consumer goods industry.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJICBM.2024.10063720
   
  
• Factors Determining Technology Adoption among Teachers of Higher Education Institutions in India: An Investigation during Post-pandemic Era  
  by M. Vasan, M. Jayanthi 
  Abstract: The study aims to investigate factors determining technology adoption by teachers in higher education institutions during the post-pandemic era. The research develops an empirical model that focuses on the factors influencing technology adoption by teachers. The required qualitative data were gathered from 278 teachers through an online survey. The study findings revealed that performance expectancy, effort expectancy, social influence, and facilitating conditions positively impacted attitudes towards the use of technology. Similarly, the attitude towards the use of technology positively impacted behavioural intention. This study contributes to the literature by developing and validating a theory-driven framework that highlights the factors influencing technology adoption by teachers in higher educational institutions. Furthermore, the study results may serve as a guide for stakeholders and policymakers to comprehend how teachers accept and use technology.
  Keywords: higher education institutions; technology adoption; UTAUT; behavioural intention.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJICBM.2024.10063859
   
  
• The Arthashastra: A Treatise on International Relations, Diplomacy, and the Creation of Wealth and Power  
  by Muskan Mittal 
  Abstract: Chanakya was recognised as an extraordinary tactician and a brilliant individual. Arthashastra, his magnum book, has a comprehensive account of his sagacity and strategies. The Arthashastra outlines an overarching strategic plan. These techniques apply to economics, politics, and foreign policy and are unchangeable notions. They are relevant in today's world and can be used effectively to address the difficulties that many countries face now while also achieving long-term benefits. The treatise contains three interwoven principles that follow a natural evolution from one to the next: politics, economics, and foreign policy. This study provides a thorough examination of the functionality and significance of each part of the Arthashastra and demonstrates its relevance even today.
  Keywords: Arthashastra; economics; foreign policy; strategy; politics.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJICBM.2024.10064130
   
  
• Comparative Risk Assessment of ESG Portfolios in Emerging Market Vs Developed Market  
  by Vishal Roy, Twinkle Jaiswal, Amit Gautam 
  Abstract: The increasing significance of ESG investments has led to the requirement of a thorough evaluation of their risk under diverse market conditions. In order to shed insight on the unique risk associated with this kind of investment strategy, the present study explores the comparative risk assessment of ESG portfolios in developed and emerging markets. The research uses daily data of ESG indices of China, India, the UK and the USA representing emerging and developed markets respectively. The study models and compares the volatility of the four series using a GARCH process, providing insights into the risk profiles of ESG portfolios in different markets. The persistence of volatility of ESG portfolios in emerging markets is slightly greater than the volatility of ESG portfolios in developed markets for the studied period. This analysis offers insightful suggestions to policymakers, asset managers, and investors looking to maximise their portfolio returns through ESG investing.
  Keywords: ESG Portfolio; Emerging Market; Developed Market; Comparative Risk Assessment; GARCH Model; Sustainable Finance.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJICBM.2024.10064132
   
  
• Determinants of Bank Credit by Commercial Bank in India  
  by Shveta Singh, Rohtash Bhall, Kavita Berwal 
  Abstract: A successful economy depends on banks' ability to allocate loans to borrowers effectively. The current study aims to analyse the determinants of bank credit allotted by commercial banks in India. The ADF and PP tests are used to check the stationarity of the data, and the autoregressive distributed lag approach (ARDL) is used for empirical analysis of the data from 1997 to 2021. The study found that liquidity and bank size affect bank credit in the long run, but credit risk, exchange rate (ER), gross domestic product (GDP), and real lending rate (RLR) have no significant effect on bank credit in the long run. However, in the short run, credit risk and RLR have an important and positive impact on bank credit supply, whereas bank size has a negative and significant influence on bank credit.
  Keywords: bank credit; interest rate; deposits; non-performing assets; NPA; banking system; economic growth; India.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJICBM.2023.10064151
   
  
• Role of Adaptive Project Method in Turnkey Construction Projects  
  by Drisya Murali, Aswathy Sreenivasan, M. Suresh 
  Abstract: The construction industry is experiencing a surge in demand for process enhancements. This shift from task-oriented completion to multifaceted criteria has propelled adaptive methodologies, including agile implementation theories, to the forefront. The adaptive project management (APM) plays a pivotal role in enhancing the adaptability and responsiveness of turnkey construction projects. By prioritising adaptability and iterative progress, APM enables seamless adjustments throughout the project's lifecycle, which brings comprehensive oversight by a builder or contractor and encompasses all phases from design to completion. This approach involves breaking the project into manageable iterations, maintaining close collaboration with the client, and accommodating changes in scope or requirements, particularly within turnkey construction. APM creates a dynamic, client-centric environment that contributes to the successful realisation of turnkey projects in alignment with the client's vision. They provide clients with a streamlined approach to project completion without necessitating extensive involvement in day-to-day operations. However, this approach often adheres to conventional market practices. The study aims to address hurdles in adopting adaptive frameworks in construction by exploring agile methods, assessing barriers to implementation, examining cultural, structural, and systemic challenges, analysing successful adaptability instances, identifying key elements, and proposing industry strategies for effective adaptation, innovation, and competition.
  Keywords: adaptive project method; APM; turnkey projects; construction management; project management; systematic literature review.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJICBM.2024.10064236
   
  
• Influence of Word of Mouth Communication on Consumer Purchase Decision: Testing the Mediating-Moderating Effects  
  by Mukesh ., Mahabir Narwal 
  Abstract: Word of mouth (WOM) provides us information in various ways, i.e., sharing experiences, through stories, conversation. There is a great importance of WOM communication for a consumer as it helps them in their decision making process. The present study was conducted to analyse the mediation effect of brand image between WOM and purchase decision, also the moderation effect of demographic variables (gender, marital status and education qualification) between brand image and purchase decision. The research focuses on brands of smartphone. By using questionnaire method, sample of 552 was collected from Haryana. PLS-SEM was used to analyse the data. The findings reveal that brand image of smart phone significantly play the mediating role between online WOM, offline WOM and purchase decision. Except education qualification, gender and marital status play the moderating role between brand image and purchase decision.
  Keywords: E-WOM quality; word of mouth communication; purchase decision; brand image; mediation impact; moderation impact.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJICBM.2024.10064433
   
  
• Trends, influential Authors, and Emerging Theme in the field of Brand Hate Research: A Bibliometric Analysis  
  by Samridhi Tanwar, Pooja Sharma 
  Abstract: The main aim of this study is to analyse the existing work in the field of brand hate using comprehensive bibliometric analysis and give direction for future research. A systematic procedure was adopted for the study of the data. After using the predefined search string, 178 articles were left. A bibliometric coupling and keyword analysis have been used to understand the current status of brand hate. This study also suggested direction regarding future research. The researcher used VOSviewer to analyse and visualise the data. The findings reveal the most influential authors, leading institutions, leading countries, and leading journals in the field of brand hate. The USA and the UK authors have observed the highest number of collaborations. Keyword occurrence analysis shows the roadmap for the future in the field of brand hate. This study provides valuable insight for marketers to understand the concept of brand hate and the current scenario in this domain.
  Keywords: Brand Hate; Bibliometric Analysis; Literature Review; Brand Hatred.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJICBM.2024.10064910
   
  
• Implementing Lean Manufacturing Strategies Alongside Industry 4.0 Innovations through Fuzzy TOPSIS Methodology and Value Stream Mapping: An Empirical Analysis in the Heavy Fabrication Sector  
  by Karthikeyan Ramu, J. Jerald, Swapnil Chhotiram Ahire 
  Abstract: This research assesses the deployment of lean methodologies and Industry 4.0 strategies to enhance operational efficacy in the heavy fabrication sector. It employs value stream mapping (VSM) to identify inefficiencies within manufacturing processes and to select appropriate lean and Industry 4.0 tools for process optimisation. The study utilises the fuzzy technique for order of preference by similarity to ideal solution (TOPSIS), an advanced multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) approach, for ranking proposed enhancements. Findings highlight total productive maintenance (TPM) 4.0 and just-in-time (JIT) 4.0 as pivotal for organisational advancement. Implementing these strategies yielded a notable decrease in cycle time by 18.64% and an inventory reduction of 32.97%, alongside an increase in value addition from 4.94% to 6.06%. These results demonstrate the significant impact of integrating lean and Industry 4.0 innovations on improving productivity and efficiency in heavy fabrication environments.
  Keywords: lean; Industry 4.0; I4.0; value stream mapping; VSM; multi-criteria decision-making; MCDM; fuzzy TOPSIS; heavy fabrication industry.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJICBM.2024.10064950
   
  
• Identifying Employability skills for Indian doctoral researchers: A thematic analysis of the Supervisors' perception  
  by Parul Pandey, Urvashi Kaushal 
  Abstract: The purpose of this one of its kind Indian study is to examine the perception of supervisors towards employability skills for Indian doctoral researchers who wish to successfully complete their PhD and subsequently have a career in academia. A qualitative research design through purposive sampling was used to conduct 41 semi-structured interviews for this Indian study. Findings resulted in a consolidated list of 44 skills which included communication, academic writing and publishing, hard work, adaptability etc. Supervisors' dissatisfaction towards the existing PhD course was highlighted and suggestions to improve the programme was mentioned. Incorporating the perception of the supervisors while planning courses and activities for doctoral researchers can make the transition from university to work easier and help researchers effectively communicate their findings, collaborate with international peers, and access a broader pool of knowledge.
  Keywords: doctoral researchers; economy; employability; India; knowledge; learning; PhD; R&D; skills; supervisors.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJICBM.2024.10064954
   
  
• The Relationship between Mindfulness and Employability of IT Graduates of Haryana  
  by Sarita Nagal, Priyanka Yadav, Saakshi Singhal, Madhu Verma 
  Abstract: In the present era of technological disruption, employers perceive a deficiency of competitiveness and employability skills among the job aspirants. Insufficient skills are considered an important issue of quality of education. This study investigated the relationship between mindfulness and employability skills of a non-probability sample of 185 students enrolled in BTech (Computer Science) degree programs in different engineering colleges of Haryana. A quantitative survey research design was used to achieve the objective. Multiple regression analyses found that mindfulness contributes significantly to explaining its relationship with participants' employability skill scores. The paper concludes by offering several positive outcomes of mindfulness and hence suggesting IT institutions to have a holistic approach towards the employability of the aspirants and to consider mindfulness as a key ingredient in framing the minds of job seekers preparing for the world of work.
  Keywords: mindfulness; mindfulness practices; employability; employability skills; information technology; IT graduates; IT sector.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJICBM.2024.10065131
   
  
• Internationalisation of Textile Firms in India: A Comparative Study of 'Traditional' and 'Born Global' Firms  
  by Srividhya Mummidi 
  Abstract: This study examines the impact of internationalisation on the performance of 264 Indian textile firms from 2005 to 2019, differentiating between traditional firms, inexperienced born global firms, and experienced born global firms. Employing a random effects model, the study reveals a heterogeneous relationship between internationalisation and firm performance. Traditional firms demonstrate a positive linear association with internationalisation, whereas inexperienced born global firms in the Indian textile sector initially present an inverted U-shaped relationship. This relationship transitions to an M-shape as these firms accrue experience, underscoring the dynamics of performance over time. The analysis also highlights that firm size and working capital are important firm-level resources during internationalisation. This research emphasises the critical phases where born global firms experience performance declines, offering valuable insights for policymakers to provide targeted support, thus contributing significantly to the literature on international business within the context of emerging markets textile industry.
  Keywords: born global firms; textile industry; internationalisation; firm performance; random effect model; firm size; working capital; emerging markets; India.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJICBM.2024.10065132
   
  
• A Bibliometric Analysis of Social Media's Role in Shaping Parents' Behavioural Intention for Preschool Selection  
  by Vartika Bisht, Shanul Gawshinde, Rajwinder Kaur 
  Abstract: The purpose of this paper is to explore the usage of social media and the behavioural intention of parents toward the selection of preschools through bibliometric analysis of manuscripts published in the Scopus database. The period from 2012 to 2022 has been considered. The criteria proved that a total of 421 documents could be found for the analysis with the keywords social media, preschools and behavioural intention. The VOSviewer tool was then applied to the data for analysing the selected papers. Descriptive, tabular, and visual arrangements have been shown for the discussion of the framework. The findings revealed that there has been an increment in the subject area in the past decade, and it is widely spread in the field of management and accounting. Also, the concept of selecting preschools with an understanding of the behavioural intention of parents using social media has yet to be much explored. Recommendations to carry out integrated research on the subject were made.
  Keywords: behavioural intention; bibliometric; preschools; social media.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJICBM.2024.10065165
   
  
• Predicting Performance Anxiety, Workplace Stress, and Resilience: The Role of Workplace Spirituality  
  by Riya Kashyap, Siddharth Soni 
  Abstract: This research explores the relationship between workplace spirituality and key psychological factors, including performance anxiety, workplace stress, and resilience. A quantitative approach was employed using a web-based survey with 120 participants (70 males, 50 females) aged 1864 working full-time. Measures included Tecchios workplace spirituality scale, McCarthy and Goffins workplace anxiety scale, Marlin Companys workplace stress scale, and Ohio State Universitys brief resilience scale. Results reveal a significant relationship between age and workplace spirituality/performance anxiety. Resilience demonstrates a significant negative association with performance anxiety and workplace stress. Workplace spirituality is negatively linked to performance anxiety and workplace stress while positively associated with resilience. Linear regression analysis indicates a statistically significant impact, revealing a positive association between workplace spirituality and resilience. Implications suggest the importance of fostering workplace spirituality to enhance employee resilience and mitigate anxiety and stress. Future research should explore interventions and organisational strategies to promote workplace spirituality and employee well-being.
  Keywords: workplace spirituality; performance anxiety; workplace stress; resilience; quantitative study; linear regression; organisational psychology.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJICBM.2024.10065264
   
  
• Assessing the Effectiveness of Green Loans in Promoting Eco-Friendly Practices among Women Borrowers  
  by Naveen Kumar R., A. John William, Yuvaraj V, Pavithra R, Janani M 
  Abstract: Green banking is a holistic approach to sustainability in banking, encompassing social, environmental, and economic aspects. It includes online banking, unique accounts, and eco-friendly loan options. This shift involves internal changes within financial institutions, assessing environmental impact before financial backing. Green banks are ethical, environmentally responsible, socially conscious, or sustainable. Banks are now recognising the risks associated with environmental practices and are actively collaborating with stakeholders to assess clients' investments, recognising the importance of green banking in mitigating these risks within the banking sector. The study analysed 76 participants in green loan borrowing, categorising them into low- and high-risk groups based on credibility. It provides insights into financial institutions' support for women borrowers, highlighting their benefits, challenges, and satisfaction levels, and recommending improvements for sustainable finance.
  Keywords: green banking; eco-friendly loan options; online banking; sustainability in banking; women borrowers.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJICBM.2024.10065269
   
  
• Unveiling the Recall Power of Covert Advertising A Study on Stealth Advertising in Indian Reality Shows  
  by Gautam Dua, Ravi Vaidya, Gautam Bapat 
  Abstract: Television advertising has historically proven to be a cost-effective and successful method for promoting a diverse array of products and services. In recent years, marketers have harnessed the power of integrating their brands within reality programs, amplifying the visibility and resonance of their messages, thereby capitalizing on the unique allure of the reality genre. This study scrutinises the effect of message Modality, Plot Congruency, and Prominence on recall rate. It also explores the relation between demographic factors and recall of covertly advertised brands. By conducting within-subject studies, the data was collected using a standardised questionnaire and brief video clips from five Indian reality programmes. The results showed that modality and congruity have a significant influence on recall. The study's conclusions will help advertising professionals incorporate their subtly placed advertisements in reality television shows using the most effective strategy.
  Keywords: Covert advertisement; Product placement; Recall rate; Reality show; Stealth advertisements.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJICBM.2024.10065271
   
  
• Navigating Preschool Choices: The Interplay of Technology Awareness and Social Media Influence  
  by Vartika Bisht, Priya Vij 
  Abstract: This study investigates how technology awareness (TA) influences the relationship between social media factors and parents intention to use social media for selecting preschools in Uttarakhand. Using the UTAUT and HMSAM theories, data were collected via an adaptive questionnaire from 452 educated parents between September and December 2023, analysed through PLS-SEM. Results show that TA significantly moderates the impact of performance expectancy, effort expectancy, curiosity, and joy on parents behavioural intention, while social influence is unaffected by TA. Future research could explore TA as a mediator and examine adoption behaviour. Preschools can utilise technology to enhance parents decision-making by improving visual experiences and creating favourable impressions, thereby boosting their intention to select preschools. This study offers a new framework for understanding how TA moderates the relationship between social media factors and behavioural intention in the context of preschool selection.
  Keywords: Behavioural Intention; Parents; PLS-SEM; Social Media; Technology Awareness.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJICBM.2024.10065383
   
  
• Mapping the Landscape of Women's Financial Empowerment : A Bibliometric and Network Analysis  
  by Mamta Aggarwal, Meera Bamba, Priya Gupta 
  Abstract: The core purpose of this investigation is to employ bibliometric methods for analysing the research work conducted on women's financial empowerment from 1995 to 2023. Using the Scopus database, a search is conducted to identify the relevant articles related to women's economic empowerment, which enables the examination of various aspects of performance analysis. Statistical and network analysis results revealed that the maximum number of documents related to women's financial empowerment was published from 2019 to 2022. The key findings suggest that women's economic empowerment is a multidisciplinary field that encompasses various aspects such as reach to financial services, entrepreneurship, financial planning and management, financial education, etc. Additionally, network analysis reveals promising opportunities for future research work, focusing on various dimensions such as economic empowerment and health and well-being, digital financial technology or FinTech and financial empowerment and digital transformation of women, etc.
  Keywords: women's financial empowerment; bibliometric analysis; gender equality; economic empowerment; performance analysis; network analysis; VOSviewer; Scopus database; Biblioshiny.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJICBM.2024.10065421
   
  
• Unlocking Leadership Potential: The Vedic Model for Contemporary Change Management  
  by Deeksha Ahuja, Pankaj Madan 
  Abstract: The phrase leadership is crucial for everyones advancement and achievement in their chosen sectors of interest. This paper explores the traits of leadership in the Vedic shlokas and other ancient literature of India. The research aims to provide a change leadership model based on Vedic wisdom that can help organisations to incorporate change systematically. This research utilised Hermeneutics and the Delphi method of qualitative research. A total of thirty academic and industry leaders were interviewed to validate the model. The result of the research indicates that if leaders transition from practical world to the philosophical world, they can incorporate change more effectively. The outcome of the research is in the form of a Vedic Change Management Model that includes three stages: getting ready, initiate, and sustain, which help organisations to incorporate change in a better way.
  Keywords: leadership; change management; qualitative research; Vedas; organisational change; Vedic leadership; Delphi method; hermeneutics research.
  
  
• Efficacy of Supply Chain Flexibility in Manufacturing Sectors of India  
  by Prashant Kumar Siddhey, Uttam Kaur, Anisha Arora, Mr. Rubel, Dr. V. K. Jain 
  Abstract: Supply chain management has started getting worldwide recognition as a superior strategic alliance among interrelated and interconnected businesses. Due to volatile market demand, frequent technological advancements, and geographical dispersion supply chain has become more complex, interdependent, and more vulnerable. Supply chain flexibility (SCF) plays a vital role to respond such volatility. Thus, there was a need to understand and maintain SCF. In order to maintain SCF, key performance indicators (KPIs) need to be identified and appropriate strategies need to be suggested after critical evaluation of KPIs. The study was an endeavour to explore KPIs of SCF. The main objective of this study was to determine SCF activities being practiced in manufacturing organisations and to develop a measurement tool to study the efficacy of SCF. Additionally, the effectiveness of SCF in the Indian manufacturing sector was identified using self-administered questionnaires, and guidelines were developed.
  Keywords: supply chain flexibility; SCF; supply chain; competitive advantage; flexibility; responsiveness; volatile market demand; modification; customer expectations; India.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJICBM.2024.10065577
   
  
• Exploring the Moderating Effect of Role Stress on Justice and Employee Engagement Relation  
  by Meenakshi Ahlawat, Anjali Attri, Nirmala Chaudhary 
  Abstract: Most of the studies on engagement are rooted in JD-R theory and yet the moderating effects of job demand on it remain ignored in literature. The present study, therefore, aims to examine the moderating effect of role stress on distributive justice and engagement relation. In the context of job demand-resource (JD-R) theory, role stress and distributive were considered as the job demand and job resource respectively. With the help of convenience sampling, a total of 496 valid responses were collected from Indian IT sector employees. The analysis was done using SPSS with process macros. The result of Hayes process macros reported that distributive justice positively predicted employee engagement. Furthermore, role stress moderated the relation between justice and engagement. In the presence of high role stress, the association between distributive justice and employee engagement weakened. The study has both theoretical and practical implications.
  Keywords: employee engagement; distributive justice; role stress; job demand and resource theory; social exchange theory; SET; conservation of resources theory; JD-R theory.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJICBM.2024.10065614
   
  
• Examining the Implication of Electronic Payment in E-Commerce Transaction using SEM  
  by Aarti Joshi, Ankita Pathak, Kinnarry Thakkar, Suresh Sorathia, Ravi Rajai 
  Abstract: Electronic payments are rapidly emerging as a potentially easy yet risky technique of performing financial transactions due to increased cybercrimes. The primary goal of this research is to give a thorough knowledge of electronic payments, with a particular emphasis on its features as a form of cashless transactions enabled by electronic channels. Following a comprehensive literature analysis, the research was done with characteristics such as website qualities, trust, dependability, risk, and privacy concerns in mind. The study's sample size was 430 respondents from various districts across Gujarat who commonly utilised e-payments for buying things online. Data analysis was done using Smart PLSS and SPSS 26. The findings revealed that the usage of e-payment influences the decision to purchase online, which is also influenced by website attributes and ease of use. The trust of users largely depended upon privacy concerns relating to payment portals and security measures offered by the portals.
  Keywords: e-payments; electronic payments; online shopping; consumer behaviour; buying decision.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJICBM.2024.10065626
   
  
• Is HR a Planned or Unplanned Career Choice An Introspection of HR Professionals in India using Intuitionistic Fuzzy Force Field Analysis  
  by Mainak Ranjan Chaki, Banhi Guha, Sanjib Biswas, Gautam Bandyopadhyay 
  Abstract: The present work seeks to investigate what makes a HR professional to select their career? Is it a planned and thoughtful decision or is it selected in due course of life events? To this end, the current study applies an intuitionistic fuzzy set (IFS)-based force field analysis (FFA). The forces have been identified through a primary focused group interview of 21 senior HR leaders and using the mixed theoretic lens of the socio-cognitive theory (SCT), Holland’s theory of career choice (HTC) and Krumboltz's theory. The full consistency method (FUCOM) has been applied for the weighted aggregation of the opinions of the 423 HR professionals. It is observed that the selection of HR as a career has not been a planned or well thought of decision from the childhood. The findings of the current work shall provide an important direction for policy making and career planning.
  Keywords: bank performance; career selection; human resource management; intuitionistic fuzzy set; IFS; force field analysis; FFA; full consistency method; FUCOM.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJICBM.2024.10065680
   
  
• A Study on Indian Parents' Saving and Investment Inclination of Female Child towards Different Avenues in Dibrugarh Town, Assam  
  by Viveka Gupta, Jutimala Bora 
  Abstract: A person's existence will significantly evolve when they become a parent. There is a need for parents to be financially prepared to fulfil their children's dreams. The main purpose of the research paper was to know the preferences of the Indian parents regarding the various different saving and investment avenues of their female children. The study was carried out among 335 government employees of Dibrugarh Town, Assam, India. The present study concludes that parents preferred Sukanya Samriddhi Yojana, life insurance and bank fixed deposits as the first, second and third best investment options for their female children. Saving for girl child, like any other financial aim, should be done in accordance with one's financial goals. This includes selecting the correct products to allow one's money to grow at an appropriate rate while also ensuring that it is available when one need it their child.
  Keywords: female children; government employees; investment options; parent; saving; investment; inclination; financial aim; Dibrugarh Town; Assam.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJICBM.2024.10065817
   
  
• Ancient Wisdom and Modern Responsibility: Exploring CSR's Roots in Epic Narratives and Sacred Texts  
  by Meenu Maheshwari, Ashok Kumar Gupta, Pragya Gaur 
  Abstract: This study examines the origins of corporate social responsibility (CSR) in ancient epics and scriptures, taking inspiration from enduring narratives that transcend cultural and temporal contexts. This analysis explores the ethical and moral ideas that are present in ancient works such as the Bhagavad Gita, Vedas, Upanishads, Ramayana, Thirukkural, and Arthashastra and emphasises the significant relevance of these principles to contemporary corporate social responsibility (CSR) operations. This paper emphasises the comprehensive approach to ethical corporate behaviour by combining ancient wisdom through hermeneutics and modern CSR frameworks. The findings of this study indicate that ancient legends offer significant perspectives on the fundamental nature of corporate social responsibility (CSR), highlighting key principles such as integrity, social responsibility, inclusivity, environmental stewardship, and ethical leadership. The statement affirms the notion that CSR is not solely a duty, but rather a moral and spiritual endeavour aimed at fostering a fairer and more sustainable global society.
  Keywords: corporate social responsibility; CSR; ancient scriptures; hermeneutics; Bhagavad Gita; Vedas; Upanishads; Ramayana; Thirukkural; Arthashastra.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJICBM.2024.10065912
   
  
• The Spiritual Theory of Human Pursuits: pururtha chatuaya  
  by Sukhada Sukhada, Shatrunjay Rawat, Sharda S. Nandram 
  Abstract: Every human being has a desire to be happy and to acquire continuous happiness. These desires and goals collectively along with the means that help in achieving such goals is termed as pururtha chatuaya. This paper aims to explain these four ultimate life goals by delving into the original Sanskrit sources and provides a hermeneutic analysis of their antecedents as well as how they make a whole as a theory of life. Such theory is designed to inspire a way of sustainable living with inbuilt corrective behaviour based on a consciousness where there is space for everyone and everything to co-exist. But to grasp it, it requires a shift in our mind to understand why we do the things we do in the first place in order to redesign how we can do things to face even the more wicked problems that we are dealing with in this era.
  Keywords: puruṣārtha chatuṣṭaya; Trivarga; Chaturvarga; Dharma; Artha and K?ma; Mok?a; human pursuits; spiritual theory; knowledge creation; mindset.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJICBM.2024.10065913
   
  
• Stress Management Theories in Business: Thirukkural Perspective  
  by Jayendira P. Sankar  
  Abstract: This study explores the application of ancient wisdom from the Thirukkural text to address the growing stress problem in modern business environments. Also, the research highlights the gap in current knowledge regarding stress management theories designed explicitly for business contexts. Further, the study analyses three prominent stress management theories: conservation of resources (COR), effort-reward imbalance (ERI), and person-environment (P-E) fit through the lens of the Thirukkural. Moreover, the study demonstrates how these contemporary theories align with Thiruvalluvar's teachings on resource management, balancing work and reward, and cultivating emotional resilience. Hence, the findings suggest that integrating ancient wisdom with modern psychological insights offers a powerful approach to fostering stress-resilient and productive workforces. Thus, organisations can create healthier and more successful workplaces by implementing strategies that conserve resources, ensure fair rewards for effort, and promote person-environment fit. At the same time, this research contributes to a growing body of knowledge that explores the enduring relevance of the Thirukkural for contemporary business practices. So, it offers valuable insights for administrators, policymakers, and business leaders seeking to cultivate ethical and practical work environments.
  Keywords: stress management theories; conservation of resources theory; effort-reward imbalance theory; person-environment fit theory; Thirukkural; Thiruvalluvar.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJICBM.2024.10065915
   
  
• Role of Push and Pull Motivations in Influencing Leisure Travel and Determining the Vacationing Choice of Indians during Covid-19 Pandemic  
  by Debankur Saha, Anirban Chakraborty 
  Abstract: The COVID-19 pandemic significantly disrupted the Indian tourism industry, which is a vital sector contributing to the country's economy. This study tries to analyse Indian tourists' motivation towards vacationing and leisure travel in the midst of a global pandemic. The paper commences by providing a comprehensive review of the current literature pertaining to leisure tourism and looks at push and pull motivation concepts to segregate factors that consumers consider while making a travel decision. The study keeps the pandemic as its over-arching background while also trying to answer questions on tourism-led economic recovery, bearing in mind the uncertainty posed by the evolving nature of the pandemic. After discussing the research methodology, the analysis of responses to an online questionnaire is presented and discussed. The evidence leads us to propose a series of managerial implications and conclusions for relevant stakeholders.
  Keywords: tourism; pandemic; COVID-19; push and pull motivation; leisure travel.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJICBM.2024.10065916
   
  
• Exploring Bankers' Perceptions of the Effectiveness of Red Flags in Fraud Detection: Evidence from Indian Banking Industry  
  by Lalita Soni, Deepa Mangala 
  Abstract: Red flag is an efficacious mechanism in detecting or signalling the possibility of fraud in the nascent stages. The aim of this study is to examine the perceived importance the bankers attribute to red flags in preventing and detecting internal bank frauds. For the purpose of the study primary data were collected via 295 survey questionnaires administered among bank employees across India. Data analysis was conducted using exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and thereafter confirmed that factor via confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). This study identifies 28 red flags that are further categorised into five prominent factors which are likely to be more often exhibited in internal frauds in banking sector. The results further show that in assessing financial statement fraud, bankers assign greater importance to red flags related to management characteristics while red flags pertaining to internal control and operational policies are given greater importance in assessing assets misappropriation.
  Keywords: employee fraud; management fraud; red flags; banking; fraud prevention and detection.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJICBM.2024.10065987
   
  
• Are Indian Investors really Concerned about Socially Responsible Investments? A Mediation and Moderation Model  
  by Tanya Soni, Rashmi Chaudhary 
  Abstract: Market participants from all around the globe are becoming more and more interested in socially responsible investments. This study intends to examine the mediating effect of social investing efficacy, in conjunction with the moderating effect of investors’ gender, in the association between attitude towards socially responsible investments (SRI) and SRI intentions. Data for the research are gathered from 424 stock market individual investors in North India using questionnaire. This research utilises CB SEM and process macro model 5 to assess the mediation and moderation model. Environmental concern is shown to have the greatest influence on attitude towards SRI. Furthermore, the association between attitude towards SRI and SRI investment intention is considerably mediated by social investing efficacy. Gender did not, however, have a moderating influence, demonstrating that male and female investors have the same perception of socially responsible funds. The findings might greatly assist policymakers in understanding the individual investors’ psychology.
  Keywords: attitude; environmental concern; investment intention; social investing efficacy; SIE; socially responsible investment; SRI.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJICBM.2024.10066082
   
  
• Employee Turnover Intentions and the Mediating Effect of Job Satisfaction: A Segmented Mediation Approach  
  by Sulakshna Dwivedi, Sandeep Singh, Shashi Kapoor 
  Abstract: Employee churn has always remained a serious concern for HR Managers. The effects of attrition are wide varying and impact the firms in terms of losses due to various costs. Attrition is a much-studied phenomenon. But there is no standard reason why employees leave an organisation. Literature reveals various antecedents of turnover intentions in Indian banking sector. The objective of this research study was to explore the role of quality of work life (QWL) in explaining job satisfaction (JS) and mediating role of job satisfaction (JS) in explaining the relationship between QWL and turnover intentions (TI) with a view to adding insight from the perspective of the reducing attrition in banking sector. Data from a sample of 499 employees from lower and middle management from private sector bank employees were collected and analysis was carried out. Results revealed a mediating role of JS in relationship between QWL and TI.
  Keywords: quality of work life; QWL; job satisfaction; turnover intentions; private sector banks; attrition.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJICBM.2024.10066129
   
  
• Impact of Ownership Concentration and Diversification on the Financial Stability: Evidence from Indian Commercial Banks  
  by Meena Rani, Meena Sharma, VIKAS KUMAR 
  Abstract: The present study has delved into the implications of ownership concentration and diversification in the Indian public and private sector commercial banks, spanning from 2010 to 2020. By utilising the ownership concentration and diversification as independent variables, the study aimed to assess their effects on both accounting-based and market-based financial stability. The findings reveal that the influence of the top block holders of ownership concentration has a detrimental effect on financial stability. Conversely, other measures of concentration indicate a positive impact. Additionally, the study explored the role of income-based and asset-based diversification, showing a favourable association with the stability of Indian banks. This research is pioneering in nature as it addresses a gap in existing literature concerning the influence of these two factors on the financial stability of Indian banks.
  Keywords: diversification; ownership concentration; Indian banks; financial stability.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJICBM.2024.10066134
   
  
• The Mediating Effect of Psychological Well-Being on the Relationship between Interpersonal Skills and Performance among Young Employees: Self Efficacy Approach  
  by Athar Mahmood, Rakesh Belwal 
  Abstract: The current study draws on self-efficacy theory and investigates the mediating effect of psychological well-being on the relationship between interpersonal skills and work performance. It also examines if gender has a role to play in this mediation and the overall relationship between the three variables. The sample included working professionals selected across eastern, northern, western, and southern India. Data was collected in three steps over one month and the design of the study was cross-sectional. Ryff Scale and FIRO-B instruments were administered at different times. An extremely strong relationship was found between interpersonal skills and performance which was strengthened further upon introducing psychological well-being exhibiting its mediating role. Gender was found to have no impact on the relationship. The results imply that performance management should also include psychological welfare as a dimension.
  Keywords: psychological well-being; PWB; interpersonal skills; performance; young professionals; India; self-efficacy theory.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJICBM.2024.10066172
   
  
• The Impact of Behavioural Biases on Individual Investors' Decisions: an Exploratory and Confirmatory Analysis  
  by Isha Mittal, Anju Verma 
  Abstract: Considering the relevance of the impact of human behaviour on their investment decisions, it is very essential to explore the behavioural biases from which investors decision-making is affected. Hence, this study aims to explore the dimensions of behavioural biases and measure its impact on individual investors decision-making. Previous literature has been reviewed to get deeper insights about the current subject. The study is dedicated to primary source of data which was collected from 308 respondents on a five-point Likert-scale using convenience sampling technique. EFA has been conducted by using SPSS version 26 to explore the dimensions and for hypothesis testing, confirmatory factor analysis is done using Smart PLS 4. This study discovered that behavioural biases are a multidimensional construct with two second-order constructs and seven zero-order constructs. The confirmatory factor analysis confirmed the impact of behavioural biases on individual investment decisions. Even though several previous studies have addressed the concept of behavioural biases concerning individual investors investment decisions. This is one of the first research studies on behavioural biases as a multidimensional construct and checking its impact on the investment decisions of individual investors.
  Keywords: Behavioral Biases; Investment Decision; Structural Equation Modelling; Individual Investors.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJICBM.2024.10066277
   
  
• Thriving in turbulence: resilience, self-efficacy, and work culture dynamics in south Indian it enterprises  
  by R. Selvakumari , K. Punitha , R. Priya , K. Binith Muthukrishnan, Karthikeyan Thangaraju 
  Abstract: This research investigates the effect of human and organisational traits on the success of companies in South India’s IT sector. By collecting data from 320 employees, we analysed the relationships between resilience, self-efficacy, work-life balance, work culture, employee well-being, and organisational performance. Our study’s results indicate strong positive connections among these variables and overall business performance, demonstrating their critical role in enhancing productivity and achieving success. Furthermore, our exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses provided evidence supporting the validity of the measurement model used in this investigation. The results also showed satisfactory model fit statistics, suggesting the suitability of the theoretical framework proposed. These findings contribute to the existing body of knowledge by providing insights into the key factors affecting the performance of organisations in the IT industry. Additionally, they emphasise the importance of promoting the well-being of both individuals and organisations to achieve optimal outcomes.
  Keywords: culture; resilience; work life balance; self-efficacy; employee well-being; work life interference; optimism; self-efficacy; employee performance; India.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJICBM.2024.10066507
   
  
• Examining Customer Perception and Satisfaction in Mobile Banking: A Demographic Perspective  
  by Preeti Ahlawat, Jagdeep Singla, Kuldeep Chaudhary 
  Abstract: Technological advancement has made mobile banking a vital component of electronic banking. This research examines how customers perceive and are satisfied with mobile banking services. Further, it explores how customers' demographics influence the perception and satisfaction of mobile banking services. This research utilises primary data acquired through a structured questionnaire. Data from 200 respondents was analysed using SPSS software. Descriptive statistics of the study are presented with the help of means, percentages, frequencies, and standard deviation. Parametric tests like bivariate correlation and ANOVA are used to test the hypotheses. The findings indicate that most users are satisfied with mobile banking services. Mobile banking customers’ satisfaction and perception are positively correlated. Among gender, age, location, education, and occupation, only education influences mobile banking customers' satisfaction. Also, it is found that urban customers perceive mobile banking more positively than rural customers. Female customers have a much higher and more positive perception.
  Keywords: m-banking; awareness; satisfaction; perception; demographics; technology; relationship.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJICBM.2024.10066693
   
  
• Augmented Reality Adoption for Green Consumerism: A Comprehensive Framework  
  by Aamer AL-Aflak, Priya Vij 
  Abstract: This study evaluates consumer technology adoption and purchase behaviour. Combining TTF and UTAUT2 provides a comprehensive framework for AR in green purchasing decisions. Partial least squares structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM) was used to evaluate the model and identify the main elements impacting consumers' adoption of AR for environmental purposes. Our interdisciplinary approach uses theory and practice to help researchers, corporations, and marketers use AR technology sustainably. AR task characteristics and technologies relate tasks to technology, improving behavioural intention. Performance expectation, effort effectiveness, social impact, and favourable conditions affect AR consumers' green product purchasing. Understanding customers' acceptance factors might help organisations use augmented reality in eco-friendly marketing to encourage green behaviour and consumption. Indian research may restrict regional relevance. The integrated theory explains how buyers use AR for green purchases.
  Keywords: green purchase choices; augmented reality; AR; metaverse; consumer behaviour; technology.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJICBM.2024.10066694
   
  
• An Empirical Study to Assess the Environmental Consciousness of the Workforce in India using Analytical Hierarchical Process  
  by Soma Sinha Sarkar, Jhumoor Biswas 
  Abstract: The pursuit of environmental sustainability is emerging as one of the most critical aspects of an organisation’s holistic growth. Employees can significantly contribute to adopting ecologically sustainable management practices by increasing their general environmental consciousness. This research underlines the evolutionary potential of scrutinising workplace sustainability through a varied lens focusing on specific elements of pro-environmental practices. The relative weightages to the sub-indices of environmental indicators have been assigned using an analytical hierarchical process (AHP). A composite performance index (CPI) has been developed for each respondent and standardised to form a standardised composite performance index (SCPI). A clustering technique was used to group employees into similar or disjoint groups based on their composite scores. This study’s findings are significant. They reveal that just over 30% of the Indian workforce meets the performance benchmarks for environmental consciousness. Notably, manufacturing and information technology (IT) employees demonstrate the highest performance levels in this area.
  Keywords: environmental consciousness; environmental sustainability; analytical hierarchical process; AHP; composite performance index; CPI; standardised composite performance index; SCPI; India.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJICBM.2024.10066700
   
  
• Firm Financial Performance: do Environment, Social, and Governance Drive Predominance?  
  by Savitha T. ., J. Solomon Thangadurai 
  Abstract: Exploring the impact of environmental, social responsibility, governance practices on the financial performance of service sector-listed Indian companies from 2017 to 2023, analysed 161 data points from the Bloomberg Database, employed regression models in panel data using Python. To reveal the relationship between ESG and financial performance varies based on the specific ESG pillars, financial metrics, and industry structure underscores the importance of ESG factors that influence market perception and contribute to a company's financial success. Also highlighted the requirement for ESG implementation in India and suggests that such practices aligning with sustainability goals while benefiting a company's bottom line with findings indicating companies with strong ESG practices tend to have better performance, measured by return on asset and price to book ratio. Contributing to the existing literature by providing empirical evidence to clarify inconsistencies and offers insights for business leaders, stakeholders, and policymakers on the value of sustainability investments.
  Keywords: environment social and governance; ESG rating; firm financial performance; panel regression model; sustainability; firm value; panel data.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJICBM.2024.10066722
   
  
• Factors Affecting the Adoption of Four-Wheeler Electric Vehicles - Modified Social Cognitive Theory  
  by Navin Mathew, G. Varaprasad 
  Abstract: The introduction of electric vehicles (EVs) is one possible solution to control the increasing air pollution and its adverse effects on the environment. Despite various measures by the EV industry in the Indian market, the adoption rate is significantly low. This study aims to identify the factors that influence the adoption of four-wheeler EVs. A model has been proposed by modifying the Social Cognitive Theory (SCT) to find the behaviour of consumers towards four-wheeler EVs. The data collected through the questionnaire survey has been analysed by performing partial least squares structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM) and Importance-Performance Map Analysis (IPMA). The results reveal social norm as the most important factor, followed by self-efficacy, influence on others, creativity, perceived risk, and knowledge. As the Indian four-wheeler EV market is still in its early stages, and the findings of this study can shed light on its rapid adoption.
  Keywords: Adoption; Purchase Intention; Four-wheeler EV; Social norm; PLS-SEM.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJICBM.2024.10066726
   
  
• Relationship between Birth Order, Leadership Skills, Self-Esteem, and Emotional Intelligence: a Cross-Sectional Study Of Young Adults  
  by Rohit Jaiswal, Kaushlendra Mani Tripathi 
  Abstract: This study explores the relationship between birth order and the development of leadership skills, self-esteem, and emotional intelligence among young adults. Employing a quantitative research design, data was collected from 150 participants aged 1825 in India, using established measures for leadership styles, self-esteem, and emotional intelligence. Results indicate significant correlations between birth order and psychological attributes, highlighting the influence of family dynamics on individual development. Findings suggest variations in leadership styles across birth orders, with emotional intelligence exhibiting noteworthy associations. However, limitations such as the cross-sectional nature of the data and sample homogeneity necessitate cautious interpretation. This study underscores the relevance of birth order theory in understanding psychological development and informs future research directions to elucidate nuanced mechanisms across diverse populations and contexts. Integrating insights from this study into educational, familial, and organisational practices can enhance understanding of individual differences and promote positive outcomes.
  Keywords: leadership styles; emotional intelligence; self-esteem; birth order.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJICBM.2024.10066729
   
  
• The Interdependence of Agricultural Technology Management Agency (ATMA) Beneficiaries' Competency Cluster through Unsupervised Learning on their Demographic and Socio-Economic Status in Sikkim  
  by Susmita Lama, Ravi Shekhar Vishal, Muthupandian B 
  Abstract: The study aims to classify and cross-validate the beneficiaries of the Agricultural Technology Management Agency (ATMA) to map them into manual and machine-based (cluster analysis) competency clusters. The study further intends to investigate the statistically significant association between the level of expertise based on cluster analysis and manual classification (mean
  Keywords: Agricultural Technology Management Agency; ATMA; skill clustering; demographic status; socio-economic status; competency mapping.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJICBM.2024.10066930
   
  
• Impact of the Use of ICT on Adolescents' Educational Outcomes: Evidence from Low- and Middle-Income Countries  
  by Samwel Lwiza, Vipin Sharma 
  Abstract: This article examines the causal impact of using ICT on adolescents’ academic achievement. It utilises the data from 46,534 students attending 2,580 schools in 15 low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) extracted from the Program for International Student Assessment (PISA 2022). By using the two-stage least squares (2SLS) approach, results show that the usage of ICT in school significantly positively influences students’ academic achievement. A one-standard-deviation increase in ICT use raises the average test score by 41 points. Results indicate that grade repetition, student safety, truancy, number of siblings, food insecurity, school ownership, location, student-teacher ratio, and ratio of girls in school were important predictors of students’ educational achievement. Further, the use of digital devices positively impacts low and high users. Therefore, unlike developed countries, students from LMICs have not yet reached the turning point resulting from the excessive use of technologies.
  Keywords: ICT use; academic achievement; causality; instrumental variables; developing countries; PISA 2022.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJICBM.2024.10066931
   
  
• Counterproductive Work Behaviour subsequent to the Pandemic: 'Work from Home' Perspective  
  by Sheeja Krishnakumar 
  Abstract: The new norm created due to the COVID pandemic has brought tremendous changes that resulted in work shifting from office to home and some companies are continuing the same. This paper tries to understand the consequences of job burnout on counterproductive work behaviour from those working from home permanently, collecting 423 samples. The data was collected from employees who are working from home. The study revealed the effect and the relationship between job burnout and counterproductive work behaviour, which is seen more among young employees with less experience. The influence of emotional exhaustion and reduced personal accomplishment on withdrawal, abuse, and deviance is evident, and depersonalisation has no impact on abuse and deviance. The findings from this study will be valuable to those companies continuing work-from-home options. Strategies can be formulated for improving both individual and organisational outcomes, creating healthier and more productive work environments.
  Keywords: burnout; counterproductive; behaviour; exhaustion; job.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJICBM.2024.10067079
   
  
• Metaverse-A New Digital Frontier! A Study Exploring Generation Z Behaviour and their Love for Metaverse in the Digital World  
  by Vijay Kumar Jain, Pankaj Chamola 
  Abstract: The metaverse is a rapidly expanding market with vast potential. Retailers may access a new and continuously expanding customer base by comprehending consumer behaviour in this digital realm. Understanding consumer preferences, trends, and purchase behaviours requires analysis of metaverse shopping behaviour therefore; this paper aims to understand the antecedents of customer intent to shop on metaverse. A framework has been developed to understand and empirically verify the antecedents of customers' intent to shop in metaverse. Structural equation modelling has been to test and statistically validate the model using data gathered from 500 respondents. Data was collected from Delhi and NCR region in the months of November and December 2023. Digital ownership and knowledge has emerged as the most important antecedents of customer intent to shop in the metaverse. The findings of the study will help retailers and marketers to frame strategies to make online shopping more engaging and personalised for customers. The enhanced customer's engagement and crafting highly personalised customer experience will allow marketers to leverage metaverse potential.
  Keywords: metaverse; customers engagement; non-fungible token; NFT; digital ownership; hyper personalisation.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJICBM.2024.10067128
   
  
• Share Buyback Trend in India: a Study on the Nexus between Share Buyback Activity and Economic Indicators  
  by Parul Goyal, Deepa Mangala 
  Abstract: Share buyback has evolved as an important event in the corporate world. Although substantially more buyback activity is evident in developed countries (JP Morgan, 2019), an increasing trend of share repurchase activity is witnessed in emerging economies (Reuters, 2021). India is one of the fastest-growing emerging markets globally and has enjoyed higher growth in buyback activity as well. Hence, the present study is undertaken to examine the trend of share buyback which will enable the comparison of the Indian share buyback trend with those experienced globally. Further, the relationship between share buyback activity and economic indicators is examined. The study found a unidirectional relationship between GDP and buyback activity indicating that the economic growth of the country precedes the buyback activity. The findings of the study have implications for stock market investors, corporate firms and regulatory authorities to formulate the appropriate policy for share buyback in India.
  Keywords: share buyback; trend; economy; stock market; Granger causality; India.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJICBM.2024.10067134
   
  
• Unveiling Dynamics of Employee Engagement in the Evolving Workplace through HR Analytics: A Study of the Indian FMCG Sector  
  by Vasuda Jain, Sarbjit Singh Bedi 
  Abstract: Due to the evolving workplace, characterised by factors like remote work, rapid technological advancements, and ever-changing employee expectations, maintaining employee engagement in the Indian FMCG sector remains challenging. The sector demands agility, resilience, and continuous learning from employees. Therefore, effective engagement strategies are essential for maintaining high levels of employee engagement, which in turn drives talent retention, productivity, and innovation. The research aims to examine the transformative role of HR analytics in fostering employee engagement by identifying the challenges and providing a comprehensive understanding of HR analytics' proactive, personalised, and real-time dimensions. Semi-structured interviews with 20 HR professionals employed in the Indian FMCG sector, specifically within their HR departments, were recorded and transcribed, and analysis was carried out using NVivo 14. The findings demonstrate that organisations leveraging HR analytics experience significant improvements in employee engagement, thus contributing to organisational success in the modern landscape.
  Keywords: employee engagement; evolving workplace; HR analytics; Indian FMCG sector; NVivo 14.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJICBM.2024.10067206
   
  
• Exploring Inherited Traits: The Influence of Family Background on Entrepreneurial Characteristics  
  by Khushboo Vachhani Talati, Krishnaba Vaghela 
  Abstract: Today, entrepreneurship is extensively studied due to its significant role in economic growth and sustainable development. While many studies have explored the key traits of successful entrepreneurs, few have investigated how these traits relate to an individual's family business background. Family businesses are crucial to the economy, contributing around 70% of the national GDP and generating approximately 60% of jobs. This study examines how traits inherited from family backgrounds affect students' entrepreneurial intentions. The results highlight that specific traits influenced by a family business background have a considerable impact on shaping an individual's entrepreneurial path.
  Keywords: Entrepreneur; entrepreneurship; key traits; family background.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJICBM.2024.10067222
   
  
• Sustainability Versus Comfort: Drivers for Adoption of Menstrual Hygiene Products  
  by Tushita Chadha, Neena Sondhi 
  Abstract: Menstrual hygiene has remained an area of concern in developing economies. Literature in the area posits that menstruation is an area that suffers from social and cultural taboos and beliefs that hamper the adoption of menstrual hygiene products (MHP) quintessential for female well-being. The study examines factors affecting consumer decisions related to sustainable and innovative MHP, namely, menstrual cups (MC). Semi-structured interviews with forty-six urban women explore the awareness, adoption, and usage of MHPs, focusing on MCs. Content analysis of the findings highlighted comfort, convenience, peer support, and sustainability as triggers for MC adoption. Furthermore, the study identifies the role of digital and social group recommendations in helping females transgress from sanitary napkins to menstrual cups. The findings hold considerable merit for empirical validation that will serve well in marketing theory and practice.
  Keywords: Menstrual Hygiene products; Qualitative study; Innovation adoption; Sustainability; Cultural taboos; Menstrual cups; Sustainable menstrual products; Emerging economies; Menstrual hygiene in India.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJICBM.2024.10067266
   
  
• Demographic Factors and their Impact on Consumer Engagement and Customer Behavioural Intention across Social Media: Evidence from India  
  by Anjel R.A.J. Y, Hemalatha Jeyachandran 
  Abstract: In emerging countries like India, social media usage is expanding quickly. Its relevance encompasses the fusion of communities and brands and goes beyond simple social contact. Social media has established itself as a necessary component of people's lives. It now plays a crucial part in corporate marketing plans, using its sway to influence consumer choices. This study attempts to analyse how various demographic factors, such as gender of the respondents, marital status, age group, educational qualification, occupation, monthly household income, family size, region/residential area and total experience in social media marketing affect consumers' engagement to change consumers' behaviour using social networking platforms. The study also aims to shed light on the underlying causes of consumers' engagement towards demographic variables.
  Keywords: consumer behaviour; consumer engagement; social media; demographic variables; India.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJICBM.2024.10067285
   
  
• Impact of AI-based Recommendation Platforms in Effective Destination Selection towards Tourist Satisfaction  
  by HARDAMAN SINGH BHINDER  
  Abstract: The utilisation of AI-based recommendations has a substantial influence on the choices made by tourists when selecting and making decisions about their destinations. Furthermore, a higher level of precision in AI recommendations is directly linked with greater visitor happiness. The study looks into the role of AI-based recommendation platforms in effective destination selection for tourist satisfaction. The study used a quantitative approach, collecting primary data via a structured questionnaire issued to Indian visitors who used AI-based recommendation systems. The study employed IBM SPSS and AMOS for statistical analysis, utilising techniques such as confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and structural equation modelling (SEM) to validate and examine the correlations across variables. The results suggested substantial discoveries across multiple dimensions in the field of tourist satisfaction. Moreover, the findings also indicated that demographic factors such as age, education, and income exert a substantial influence on tourist satisfaction. These discoveries contribute to a deeper comprehension of how AI-driven recommendations enhance the processes of selecting destinations, making decisions, and increasing tourist satisfaction.
  Keywords: Artificial Intelligence; AI-Recommendations; Tourism; Tourist; Destination; Tourist Satisfaction.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJICBM.2024.10067490
   
  
• Navigating Patriarchy and Class Divide: Bollywood's Cinematic Representation of Business Families in Post-Liberalisation India  
  by Madhukar Pandey 
  Abstract: This study critically examines the representation of patriarchal structures within business families in Bollywood films during the post-liberalisation era (1991-2010), a transformative period in India's socio-economic landscape. Utilising Orbe's Co-Cultural Theory (1997), it investigates how these films portray gender roles and class dynamics, highlighting both the reinforcement and subversion of entrenched norms. Through a rigorous qualitative content analysis of selected films, the research reveals the persistent dominance of patriarchal values and class hierarchies despite economic modernization. However, it also identifies instances where films reflect progressive shifts, challenging traditional social structures. This research makes a significant contribution to media, gender, and cultural studies by illustrating cinema's dual role as a mirror of societal attitudes and as an agent of change. The findings underscore the necessity for more nuanced and diverse representations in media to better align with evolving social realities in post-liberalisation India.
  Keywords: Cinema; Bollywood; patriarchy; class-divide; business-families; liberalisation; culture; business; family; India; feminism; equality; equity.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJICBM.2024.10067566
   
  
• The Nexus of Financial Inclusion and Sustainable Development Goals: a Systematic Review and Bibliometric Analysis  
  by Urvashi Suryavanshi, Rishi Chaudhary, Komal Dhiman, Ashok Kumar 
  Abstract: Financial inclusion (FI) has emerged as a critical component of achieving Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in the global context. This study seeks to address the current knowledge gap by undertaking a comprehensive systematic review and bibliometric analysis that incorporates the recent research articles in this respective area. The data was retrieved from the Scopus database by employing an appropriate search string. The final dataset included 114 documents that were used for bibliometric analysis, and 70 articles that were finalised for the systematic literature review. This review study has identified four noteworthy clusters. The central focus of the green cluster pertained to exploring the impact of FI on achievement of SDGs. The red cluster reveals the role of access to finance in sustainable development and blue cluster revealed the influence of microfinance on SDGs. The last cluster yellow deals with economic development in developing countries. The findings provide a robust roadmap for further investigation in this field.
  Keywords: Financial inclusion (FI); Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs); Systematic Literature Review; PRISMA; Bibliometric analysis.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJICBM.2024.10067570
   
  
• Corporate Social Responsibility and its Impact on Compassion. Social Exchange Theory  
  by Deepak Subba 
  Abstract: Based on the social exchange theory, a comprehensive framework was developed to investigate the influence of CSR on compassion in the Indian financial sector. A total of 241 participants were selected using the convenience sampling technique. A self-administered questionnaire was designed and given to the respondents through field visits and mail. The study's findings support CSR's positive influence on OI and compassion. The survey results also support the positive impact of OI on compassion. However, the study did not find a mediating effect of OI in the relationship between CSR and compassion. The theoretical and practical implications are presented based on the findings. The study uses social exchange theory to bridge the underlying gap between CSR and compassion. To the researcher's knowledge, this is the first study testing the mediating effect of OI on the relationship between CSR and compassion.
  Keywords: corporate social responsibility; organisational identification; compassion; structural equation modelling; SEM; social exchange theory.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJICBM.2024.10067574
   
  
• Unveiling the Origins of Customer Engagement and its Loyalty Effects: a Meta-Analysis  
  by Pinki Rani, Savita Ubba 
  Abstract: Customer engagement has become a crucial area of interest in the field of marketing, drawing significant attention from both scholars and industry professionals. This paper aims to explore how different factors such as customer satisfaction, experience, and involvement affect customer engagement, and how this engagement subsequently influences customer loyalty. By conducting a meta-analysis, which is a method that combines results from multiple studies to draw a broader conclusion, this research examines data from 67 studies involving a total of 23,452 participants. The findings reveal that customer satisfaction and experience each have a moderate positive impact on customer engagement. On the other hand, customer involvement has a strong positive effect on their engagement. Furthermore, the analysis shows that customer engagement itself has a strong positive effect on customer loyalty. This extensive review covers research conducted between 2005 and 2024, providing a comprehensive understanding of how these factors interrelate.
  Keywords: Customer Engagement; Customer Satisfaction; Meta-Analysis; Customer Involvement; Customer Experience; Customer Loyalty.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJICBM.2024.10067575
   
  
• Development and Validation of a Tool to Measure the Fear of Crime of Tourists in India  
  by Shachi Barot, Ritu Sharma 
  Abstract: The research aims to develop a psychometric assessment tool to measure the fear of crime in tourists in India. The study adopted well-accepted and renowned tool development procedures to develop a tool to find out the levels of fear of crime in tourists. The tool developed to measure fear of crime is based on a detailed theoretical framework. The results obtained through this test can be further utilised to understand the perceived threat in tourists towards leisure travel for India's destinations. The tool measures fear of crime across seven subscales, namely Safety and security concern, geographical conditions, political stability, personal care, crimes reported, terror threats and perception traits as leading causes reported by the non-clinical population. The tool reliability coefficient was very high (0.97).
  Keywords: factor analysis; fear of crime; tourists; psychological assessment; India.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJICBM.2024.10067583
   
  
• Factors Affecting Intention to Use Digital Financial Services for Financial Inclusion: using TAM Framework and Smart-PLS Approach  
  by Himani Himani, Subhash Chand 
  Abstract: The advent of digitalisation has profoundly reshaped the landscape of the IT world, and its impact on digital financial services (DFS) is particularly noteworthy. This study aims to investigate the relationship between users' intentions (USEINT) towards digital financial services and the core TAM framework constructs of perceived usefulness (PU) and perceived ease of use (PEOU), along with additional variables: perceived security (PS), social influence (SI), and perceived risk (PR). For this study, 500 valid and useful responses were gathered from the active user of DFS in the state of Haryana, India. SPSS 26 and Smart PLS 4 software were employed for data analysis. The findings reveal that PEOU, SI, PU and PS emerge as crucial explanatory variables influencing the intention to use digital financial services. Notably, PR has been identified as a factor exerting a contrary influence on intention, suggesting a complex interplay of factors in shaping consumer attitudes towards digital financial services (DFS).
  Keywords: TAM model; digital; inclusion; financial services; intention.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJICBM.2024.10067610
   
  
• Investigating the Impact of Visitors' Brand Personality and Visitors' Brand Experience on the Visitors' Brand Loyalty: a Case of Delhi Book Fair  
  by Kamna Virmani, Preeti Tak 
  Abstract: Marketing practitioners and professionals have a long-rooted interest in studying the constructs like brand personality and brand experience and their impact on the desired brand loyalty in the case of utilitarian products. This study aims to extend the brand personality traits given by Ekinci and Hosany (2006) and brand experience components given by Brakus et al. (2009) to Delhi Book Fair, New Delhi. The present study aims to contribute to the existing literature by exploring the impact of these constructs on brand loyalty. A total of 245 questionnaires were analysed using AMOS-SEM. The findings of the study show that the brand personality, brand experience influences the brand identification which in turn positively impacts the brand loyalty. The implications may assist the event organisers to attain and maintain loyalty, through creating a unique experience for the visitors so that they identify with the event of the book fair.
  Keywords: visitors brand personality; visitors brand experience; visitors brand identification; visitors brand loyalty; Delhi book fair; Amos-SEM.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJICBM.2024.10067705
   
  
• Moderating Role of Entrepreneurial Training on Entrepreneurial Readiness among Women Beneficiaries of NGOs using PLS-SEM  
  by Deslit Devid, D. Vennila Vennila 
  Abstract: Entrepreneurial development is a movement in India. Academicians and policy-makers are interested in promoting entrepreneurship. Government and non-government organisations boost Entrepreneurship Development Programs (EDPs) in terms of training and funding to groom entrepreneurs. Motivation and entrepreneurial traits are still missing in women interested in entrepreneurship. Attention is needed to empower women in this area. NGOs are organisations that provide various entrepreneurial training programs to women beneficiaries. This study aims to measure the entrepreneurial readiness of women beneficiaries with the moderating influence of entrepreneurial training programs. PLS-SEM was applied for the analysis, with the primary data collected from a sample of 90 women beneficiaries of two NGOs in Wayanad District of Kerala from India to test the hypotheses. The study results depict the preparedness of women to take up the role of entrepreneur. Thus, the study can contribute to gender equality and women empowerment, an important objective of Sustainable Development Goals 2030.
  Keywords: Entrepreneurial Training; entrepreneurial readiness; women beneficiaries; NGOs; PLS-Sem.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJICBM.2024.10067707
   
  
• Impact of Capital Structure on Firm Performance: Moderating Role of Gender Diversity  
  by Khushboo Tanwer, Mahesh Chand Garg 
  Abstract: This study’s main objective is to investigate the moderating effect of gender diversity on the relationship between capital structure and firm performance. The data of 104 firms listed on the Indian BSE Dollex 200 has been collected for 13 years (20092021). Both random effects and fixed effects models are used for analysis. The moderated regression analysis is used to check the impact of the capital structure on organisational value (ROA, ROE, Tobins Q, and MBV). The study finds that the use of debt in the capital structure has a significantly adverse impact on firm performance (ROA and ROE). The negative effect of debt on gender diversity reduces the negative impact of debt on accounting profits. Capital structure is insignificant in determining firm performance when examined by market-based measures like Tobins Q and MBV. But here, too, gender diversity lessens the insignificant negative effect of capital structure on organisational performance. This study sheds light on the significant negative effect of capital structure on the returns of a firm and highlights the significance of gender diversity in diminishing the negative influence of capital structure on organisational value in the Indian corporate sector.
  Keywords: capital structure; gender diversity; regression analysis; firm value; India.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJICBM.2024.10067767
   
  
• Consumers' Value Perceptions for Slow Fashion Products: an Empirical Study in the Indian Context  
  by Renni Batra, Preeti Tak, Mansi Gupta 
  Abstract: Capitalising on the theory of consumer orientation to slow fashion (COSF), this study aims to explore how each dimension of the COSF scale particularly equity, localism exclusivity, authenticity, and functionality contributes to the curation of customer value for slow fashion products among Indian consumers. Further, it examines the consumers intent to make the purchase that too at a premium. Structural equation modelling was used to evaluate a theoretical framework. In addition, a second-order construct was used to gauge how much consumers thought slow fashion items were worth. The findings of this study present managerial insights to marketers to leverage various COSF dimensions to develop sustainable products that would help them to lure customers and enhance their willingness to pay. The multi-group analysiss findings also showed that the individuals gender modifies the association between COSF components and perceived customer value. This study emphasises the importance of slow fashion in the emerging economy of India and the pressing need to embrace green products. Moreover, this is the first study that investigates and establishes the moderating role of gender in the relationship between dimensions of COSF and perceived customer value.
  Keywords: Consumer Orientation towards Slow Fashion (COSF); Customer Value Creation; Fast Fashion; Green Fashion; Purchase Intention; Slow Fashion; Willingness to Pay Premium.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJICBM.2024.10067853
   
  
• Determinants of Cross-Cultural Behaviour in the Hospitality Industry in India  
  by Namrata Anand, Richa Raghuvanshi, Anita Singh 
  Abstract: This study investigates cross-cultural behaviour among Indian hospitality employees, focusing on socio-cultural and work-related values that shape interactions in multicultural settings. Conducted across key pilgrimage cities in India, the research used a survey to assess constructs such as indulgence, masculinity, power distance, and cross-cultural resilience among 475 respondents. Results indicate that these factors significantly influence cross-cultural behaviour, highlighting their importance in managing diverse teams within the hospitality industry. Conversely, variables like religion, fatalism, societal attitudes, collectivism, and uncertainty avoidance showed no notable impact, suggesting their effects may be context-dependent. These findings provide valuable insights for developing targeted strategies to improve cross-cultural interactions and organisational effectiveness in multicultural environments.
  Keywords: Cross-cultural behaviour; Hospitality industry; Cultural dimensions; Socio-cultural values; cross-cultural resilience; fatalism; societal attitude.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJICBM.2024.10067863
   
  
• Assessing the Impact of Ambidextrous Human Resource Management on Employee Performance in the Indian Banking Sector: the Role of Ambidextrous Organisational Culture and Individual Ambidexterity  
  by Jeevan Jyoti, Rabia Choudhary 
  Abstract: This research paper explores the concept of ambidexterity in human resource management (HRM) and its impact on employee performance. Further, this research also addresses the black box in this relationship by evaluating the mediating role of ambidextrous organisational culture (AOC) and individual ambidexterity. A quantitative research methodology has been used to explore the impact of ambidextrous HRM on employee performance through the mediating role of AOC and individual ambidexterity. 500 commercial bank employees have been contacted for data collection. The data have been thoroughly examined for reliability and validity. The studys findings clarify the intricate procedures involved in ambidextrous human resource management, AOC, individual ambidexterity, and employee job performance. The study found that AOC mediates the relationship between ambidextrous HRM and individual ambidexterity, resulting in improved employee performance. This study highlights the importance of ambidexterity at the multi-levels of the organisation, i.e., organisational (human resource management, culture) and individual levels, as well as its impact on employee performance. This study is a significant contribution to the ambidexterity literature by examining it from an HRM perspective. It will also help in managing paradoxical tensions at both system and individual levels, providing theoretical and managerial implications for future research. Keywords: ambidextrous human resource management; am
  Keywords: Ambidextrous Human Resource Management; Ambidextrous Organizational culture; Individual Ambidexterity and Employee Performance.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJICBM.2024.10067895
   
  
• Strategic Energy Management for Enhancing Efficiency in India's Seafood Processing Industry  
  by Mary Saniya Stephen, Shibu Arkkakadavil Valsalan 
  Abstract: The seafood processing industry in Kerala is crucial to the regional economy but faces significant challenges in energy consumption and efficiency. This study assesses the implementation of energy management practices in the industry and proposes an integrative energy management framework. A survey covering 84% of Keralas seafood processing industries revealed varying levels of energy management adoption, with gaps in energy monitoring, employee training, and the use of energy-efficient technologies. Key factors influencing energy management include management commitment and employee awareness. Based on these findings, the study developed a framework integrating best practices, policy suggestions, and behavioural interventions to improve energy efficiency, reduce costs, and promote sustainability. Recommendations are provided for policymakers and industry stakeholders to support the frameworks implementation, contributing to long-term energy sustainability in Keralas seafood processing industry.
  Keywords: Energy management; Seafood processing industry; Behavioral approach; Integrative framework; Energy saving.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJICBM.2024.10067899