International Journal of Intelligent Enterprise (13 papers in press)

Regular Issues

• Impact of digital HRM on academicians’ performance: exploring the mediating role of organisational commitment  
  by Ahmad Y.A. Bani Ahmad, Srinivas Kolachina, S. Suman Rajest, Manisha Singh, Arjyalopa Mishra, S.Shyam Sundar 
  Abstract: This study examines how digital human resource management (HRM) practises affect academic performance through organisational commitment. Digital HRM concepts like assessment calculation and performance signals are examined. The study randomly selected 200 notable university professors. Data was analysed using SPSS-21 using a valid questionnaire. Digital HRM practises are assessed utilising e-trainings, e-communication, e-performance appraisal, and e-performance, while scales measure performance and commitment. Regression, descriptive statistics, and path analysis analyse research. Organisational commitment mediates digital HRM features’ indirect effect on performance assessment. Communication, appraisal, and transparency in digital HRM impact performance assessment. Three organisational commitment factors hardly slightly affect performance assessment. Further investigation demonstrates that digital HRM elements indirectly affect performance assessment, most notably training. HR-organised training improves faculty performance. Performance assessment benefits from affective commitment, but normative and ongoing commitments hurt it. This study examines how digital HRM practises affect academic achievement and how organisational commitment mediates this. The findings highlight the need for concentrated e-training and HR practises that encourage affective commitment while removing negative influences from other commitment forms. This research adds to the HRM digital transformation discussion and its effects on academic performance and commitment.
  Keywords: digital human resource management; HRM; academic performance and commitment; mediating role of organisational commitment; data-driven approach; teaching profession; higher education; performance evaluation methods.
  
  
• Ethical considerations of AI integration in academic environments: balancing innovation and student privacy in Jordan  
  by Firas Tayseer Mohammad Ayasrah 
  Abstract: This study examines the ethics of AI-powered systems that gather and analyse students’ personal data, academic performance, and actions. Exploring the ethical implications of AI integration in Jordanian academic environments, examining data privacy mechanisms in AI-driven academic systems, and presenting ethical recommendations for responsible AI integration were the three aims. The ethical framework in this research promotes a well-balanced strategy that maximises AI benefits while protecting student privacy. The report recommended thorough data protection, open AI use, and clear permission processes. Thus, the study found a significant correlation between the ethical concerns of integrating artificial intelligence (AI) into academic settings in Jordan, data privacy precautions and AI-driven academic systems, and offered ethical standards for proper AI integration in Jordan. The study found that ethical issues surrounding the use of artificial intelligence (AI) in academic settings, particularly the difficult balance between innovation and student privacy in Jordan, shed light on the vital intersection of technology and education. This study highlights the necessity for a comprehensive approach to integrate artificial intelligence (AI) into educational institutions while considering ethical issues.
  Keywords: ethics and AI integration; academic environments and innovation; students privacy; academic environments; personal information; academic achievements; natural language processing.
  
  
• Unveiling the efficacy of COVID-19 vaccines against emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants  
  by Haldhar Sharma, Ankur Saxena, Sunil Mishra, Mukesh Porwal, Devendra Kumar Pandey 
  Abstract: The global coronavirus pandemic has profoundly impacted populations worldwide, leading to widespread illness and mortality. In March 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) declared the outbreak a global emergency and issued medical guidelines to mitigate the virus’s spread. The pharmaceutical industry, educational sectors, and various governments have united in an unprecedented effort to develop and test multiple vaccines swiftly, aiming to control the pandemic and restore global stability. Companies such as Pfizer, Moderna, and GlaxoSmithKline have successfully developed vaccines. However, the SARS-CoV-2 virus mutates, leading to new variants that differ from the original strain, as is typical with viruses. Recent findings indicate that three new coronavirus variants found in several countries may be more severe, evade the immune system better, and show a reduced response to neutralising antibodies. This situation poses a challenge for communicators who must accurately convey the risks and benefits, promote continued caution among vaccinated individuals, and maintain trust in public health measures. Despite the mutations, protection against severe forms of the disease remains robust.
  Keywords: concerning SARS-CoV-2; COVID-19 vaccinations; cell-based protection; epidemic coronavirus variants of COVID-19; antibody reactivity; sequencing tracking; vaccine effectiveness.
  
  
• An empirical analysis on dimensions of satisfaction’s level with quality service for health insurance policyholders  
  by V. Kaliyammal, P. Mohanasundaram 
  Abstract: Insurance companies, especially health insurers, value customer pleasure. Health assurance is offered by assurance companies. It covers legally allowed hospitalisation charges and is a payment to sustain the health assurance plan. In India, health insurance covers hospital stays even if the costs are hidden. Studies reveal that high medical expenses cause a big percentage of specific insolvencies, making health content crucial for everyone. Health insurance covers protected entities’ medical and surgical costs. Life insurance covers death, but general insurance just covers money loss from asset loss. This study examines the many factors affecting health insurance policyholder satisfaction using empirical methods. The work improves service quality by assessing policyholder satisfaction factors including claims processing efficiency and communication clarity. Life insurance customer satisfaction and service quality were examined using the ANOVA test. The study indicated that customer satisfaction is more affected by consumer expectations and views of service quality’s tangibility, assurance, competency, and credibility.
  Keywords: policyholders and customer satisfaction; health insurance and tangibility; policyholder satisfaction; assurance companies; life insurance covers death; communication clarity.
  
  
• Higher education leaders readiness to implement micro-credentials in Malaysia: a preliminary insight  
  by Ahmad Aizuddin Md Rami, Ismi Arif Ismail, Nurul Afiqah Zulkifly, Mohd Amin Sarman 
  Abstract: Higher education institutions (HEIs) in Malaysia have taken significant strides in integrating micro-credentials into their educational systems. However, the specific designation and status of micro-credentials for university leaders within these institutions are still evolving. Despite these challenges, there is a strong commitment to preparing for their implementation. While research on Malaysian university leadership at the faculty level remains limited, this study sought to explore the readiness of university leaders to embrace micro-credentials within HEIs. By employing a qualitative approach and focusing on the ongoing advancements in Malaysian higher education aimed at enhancing student success, this case study engaged with five university leaders, including deans, deputy deans, and department heads. The findings illustrate how these leaders, as interdependent stakeholders, are driving change and redefining their roles through systematisation. The thematic analysis identified five key themes, underscoring the opportunities to enhance support systems, technological skills, and leadership engagement for successful implementation. This study also highlights the pivotal role of university leaders in championing the integration of micro-credentials into the educational landscape of HEIs.
  Keywords: micro-credentials; university leaders; higher education leaders; preliminary insight; semi-structured interviews; technological disruption; existing educational structures.
  
  
• Navigating the shift in brand loyalty: the impact of social media influencers  
  by M. Sivakoti Reddy, Sangeeta Malhotra, Laxmi Srinivas Samayamantri, Sangeeta Singhal, Sanjeev Kumar Saxena, Niharika Singh 
  Abstract: This study delves into the dynamic landscape of brand loyalty in the age of social media, focusing on the evolving influence of social media personalities. In the digital era, where social media has become integral to our lives, consumers increasingly rely on influencers for product recommendations and brand associations. We thoroughly analysed quantitative and qualitative research methods to gain a comprehensive understanding. The total sample size for the survey was 1,248 respondents, selected based on demographic distribution. Data analysis was performed using Microsoft Excel and MATLAB tools, ensuring precise and accurate insights. Our study shows that authenticity, trust, and engagement are key in the brand-consumer connection with social media celebrities. Consumer behaviour, marketing effectiveness, and customer satisfaction depend on these characteristics. Marketers and organisations can use the study’s findings to utilise social media personalities in this changing marketplace. Understanding the primary determinants of brand loyalty in the digital era helps organisations adjust to changing consumer engagement and brand trust paradigms and succeed in a social media-driven market.
  Keywords: brand loyalty; social media personalities; consumer behaviour; social media-driven market; marketers and organisations; customer satisfaction; brand associations.
  
  

Special Issue on: Digital Technologies for Enterprise Transformation

• Leveraging social media to mitigate information asymmetry during humanitarian relief operations  
  by Deepak Srivastav, Anand Gurumurthy 
  Abstract: This study investigates social media’s role in mitigating information asymmetry during humanitarian relief operations (HROs). The 2015 Chennai Flood is used as a case study, and social media analytics (SMA) is utilised to understand how social media can be leveraged to engage people with high social capital for rapid and accurate information diffusion. It uses well-established techniques for SMA, such as topic modelling, sentiment analysis, etc., to gain critical insights from the text corpus obtained from Twitter (now called X). The results show that affected people in a disaster use social media to communicate their concerns/needs to the government or humanitarian organisations (HO) through celebrities and media, which is a unique finding. Moreover, this study shows that organisations serving disaster-affected populations, such as HO and the government, can utilise celebrities not only to get feedback about HROs from the affected people but also to disseminate crucial information, such as alerts, to the affected population at increased speed. Hence, this study recommends that the HO and the government explore utilising the services of celebrities effectively during HROs, as they possess significant social influence.
  Keywords: social media; information asymmetry; 2015 Chennai Floods; celebrities; humanitarian supply chain management; HSCM; relief/response; case study.
  
  
• Leveraging data-driven decision-making for medicine supply chain resilience during health crisis  
  by Rahul Sharma, Surya Prakash, Sudhir Arora, Ashok Kumar Peepliwal, Sudhinder Singh Chowhan 
  Abstract: The study was conducted to identify medicine and its therapeutic segments which had suffered sourcing and stockout challenges at the grass-root level during the pandemic time. An exploratory and descriptive study was conducted using primary data from sampled private retail pharmacy business stores. Factors like the name of the medicine, their therapeutic segment, geographical location, and the timeline of the events, were captured to analyse drug shortage along. The study indicated an acute shortage of medicine including antibiotics, antiviral, and supplements during the pandemic, due to disruption in the medicine supply. There was a high correlation between the incidence of infection cases and the drug shortage, which suggests the rise in demand for essential medicine especially antibiotics and supplements following the rise in the cases. The study provides a recommendation to pharmaceutical organisations, suppliers, and policymakers, to effectively handle sourcing and supplies to counter stockout situations.
  Keywords: stockout; pharmaceutical supply chain; drug retail; inventory control.
  
  
• Modelling fluctuating market size based adoption of technological products: an alternative formulation  
  by Jyotish N. P. Singh, Adarsh Anand, Deepti Aggrawal, Chanchal 
  Abstract: Customers in the ever-changing digital advanced marketplace often demonstrate unpredictable behaviours that can significantly impact the potential market size. Some satisfied customers may exhibit loyalty and choose to repurchase the product, while others may be driven by indecision and impatience, resulting in lost sales. These contrasting actions of repeat purchasing and balking behaviour can result in fluctuating market size, underscoring the importance of considering such scenarios when studying technological adoption models. The authors have proposed an alternative formulation of the innovative technological product adoption model to address these ever-changing market dynamics. Notably, this formulation simultaneously accounts for customers balking and repurchasing behaviour. By incorporating these factors, managers can gain insights into predicting market performance amidst fluctuations and navigate market volatility more effectively. The proposed alternative formulation is validated using real-life datasets and the obtained results support its practical application in predicting market outcomes. These findings lend credibility to the application of the alternative formulation, empowering managers with the means to anticipate and adapt to market fluctuations with greater precision.
  Keywords: balking behaviour; market dynamics; technological adoption; repeat purchase.
  
  
• An interdisciplinary examination of the evolution of e-commerce recommendation systems: perspectives from management, social science, and psychology  
  by Aman Mathan, Deepak Verma, Divesh Kumar 
  Abstract: The rapid incorporation of digital technologies in businesses poses significant challenges for businesses entrenched in traditional approaches. Conventionally, e-commerce gained popularity for its extensive customer reach, which is no longer sufficient in the current digital era. Nowadays, most e-commerce platforms utilise recommendation systems (RS) supported by complex algorithms and models that influence customers’ online product searching and purchase experiences. RS is predominantly associated with information systems (IS) and computer science (CS) research, despite it being a multi-disciplinary field. The majority of the research on RS is concentrated in IS and CS, with a primary focus on methodology and algorithms. This study examines the existing literature on RS in the domains of management, social sciences, and psychology to identify developments that extend beyond methodology and algorithms. The aim is to broaden the scope of the research domain.
  Keywords: recommendation systems; recommender agents; e-commerce; product recommendation systems; thematic evolution; literature review; bibliometrics.
  
  
• Data-driven approach for analyzing the impact of external factors on pearl millet and stover yield  
  by Nikita Dhankar, Srikanta Routroy, Satyendra Kr. Sharma 
  Abstract: The objective of the study is to explore the relationship between external factors such as linkage with self-help groups (SHGs), crop diseases, ground water quality, soil testing, rainfall, and temperature during cultivation impact with pearl millet yield and Stover yield. The responses from 473 farmers are collected through structured survey questionnaire. The outcomes reveal that the relationship of all external factors is statistically significant for both yields except the temperature during cultivation. The analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Pearson coefficient of correlation indicates a statistically significant positive correlation between pearl millet yield and Stover yield. The current study is first of its kind related to impact of external factors on pearl millet yield and Stover yield. The outcomes of the study will help policymakers in developing strategies for enhancing pearl millet and Stover yield which in turn will increase farmer income. In addition to having access to an incentive scheme for free testing of their ground water quality and soil health, the farmers have to be linked to self-help groups (SHGs).
  Keywords: pearl millet supply chain; analysis of variance; ANOVA; pearl millet yield; Stover yield; self-help group linkage; soil testing; Pearson coefficient of correlation.
  
  
• Advancing sustainable e-waste management systems integrated with artificial intelligence in developing countries  
  by Varun Kumar, Om Ji Shukla 
  Abstract: Industry 5.0 represents a paradigm shift in manufacturing and industrial processes, fostering collaboration between humans, robots, and smart devices. This evolution leverages advanced technologies such as artificial intelligence to boost productivity. In the context of e-waste management in developing countries, this study addresses the various influencing factors as drivers for enhancing the efficiency. These drivers were refined through an inter-consistency test and categorised using Fuzzy-DEMATEL. Notably, public awareness and technological advancement emerged as the most influential factors in integrating AI for sustainable e-waste management. Among these drivers, training and empowerment was found to be the most effective in driving positive change, while government policy and regulation played a pivotal role as the primary causal driver. This research offers valuable insights that can empower policymakers and environmental agencies to facilitate the adoption of AI and promote cleaner and more efficient e-waste management in developing countries.
  Keywords: artificial intelligence; Cronbach’s alpha; DEMATEL; e-waste management; influencing factors; sensitivity analysis.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJIE.2024.10063448
   
  
• Artificial intelligence in higher education: the challenges, opportunities and the road ahead  
  by Maureen Primrose Lal, Ramji Nagariya, Man Mohan Siddh 
  Abstract: This paper investigates to deliver an overview of literature from 2012 to 2023 on the phenomena of implementing artificial intelligence in education (AIEd). With the help of the Scopus indexing database, data from 441 articles were extracted, analysed based on the keywords and preliminary reading and synthesised according to explicit inclusion and exclusion criteria and article compilation was on the parameters of scientific procedures and rationales for systematic literature review protocol (SPAR4SLR). Drawing on the recent literature depicts that the inception of artificial intelligence in education is still in its initial stage and much research is required. This article implies that although there are benefits and challenges talked about in the article delving into the application of AIEd in higher education’s system of teaching and learning that shall lead the education system to newfound intelligence and automation, however, things are at the very initial stage and filled with conjectures. The findings demonstrate that the artificial intelligence-based teaching and learning phenomenon has a bright future as educational institutes understand its upcoming impact. The greatest challenge for educational institutes now is to start planning, designing, developing and implementing artificial intelligence-based courses for multidisciplinary and holistic training for future employees.
  Keywords: artificial intelligence; higher education; education; systematic literature review protocol; SPAR4SLR; artificial intelligence in education; AIEd.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJIE.2024.10063894