International Journal of Learning and Change (17 papers in press)

Regular Issues

• Does perceived organisational support reduce academicians turnover intention? A mediating role of perceived values of artificial intelligence  
  by M. Dinesh Babu, Bijay Prasad Kushwaha 
  Abstract: The objective of the study is to investigate the impact of perceived organisational support (POS) on the turnover intention of academicians. Additionally, it explores the potential mediating role of perceived values of artificial intelligence (PVAI) in the relationship between POS and turnover intention among teaching faculty members in private educational institutions. The data for the study was collected from faculty members currently employed in educational institutions in India, and a self-administered survey was utilised. A purposive sampling technique was employed to select a sample of 210 teaching faculty members from educational institutions. The results indicate that employees’ intentions to leave their jobs are influenced by their POS and PVAI. This implies that academicians’ turnover intention decreases when they perceive higher levels of POS and PVAI in their workplace. Furthermore, the findings suggest that PVAI partially mediates the relationship between POS and employee turnover intention.
  Keywords: artificial intelligence; perceived organisational support; social exchange theory; turnover intention.
  
  
• Assessment of students’ academic performance in clothing and textile in tertiary institutions using ANN and ANOVA techniques  
  by Juliana Ego Azonuche, Juliet Obiageli Okoruwa, Comfort Ukrajit Sonye, Gbenga Samuel Oladosu 
  Abstract: The performance history of 277 students in clothing and textile from two tertiary institutions in southern Nigeria was studied by artificial neural networks (ANN) and analysis of variance (ANOVA) in terms of institution, gender, ordinary level (O-level) qualification, marital status, and age. The study was guided by five research questions and five hypotheses tested at the 0.05 level of significance. ANOVA is utilised to identify significant differences in academic performance among groups formed by the aforementioned factors. The most significant factors identified through ANOVA are used as input features for the ANN model. The dataset for the ANN model development was randomly distributed into three groups training (80%), validation (10%), and testing (10%). Hypothesis testing indicates significant differences in students’ academic performance between institutions and based on O-level qualifications. Further research can build upon these findings to enhance the quality of education in the field of clothing and textiles.
  Keywords: assessment; performance; clothing; textile; artificial neural network; ANN; analysis of variance; ANOVA.
  
  
• The predicting role of science motivation on the social emotional learning  
  by Nihan Arslan, Serhat Arslan, Aslı Kartol, Mehmet Akcaalan 
  Abstract: This research aims to examine the relationship between science motivation and social emotional learning. The relational analysis method was used in the research within the scope of quantitative research. The research scopes the relationship between high school students science motivation and social emotional learning. According to the results, a positive relationship was found between the sub-dimensions of social emotional learning and science motivation. In addition, analysis was carried out to detect which factors of social emotional learning are the best predictors of science motivation. In other words, as the level of social emotional learning increases, the motivation levels of science increase. In this relationship, the task definition sub-dimension of social emotional learning is the most powerful explanatory factor. It was concluded that social emotional learning as an independent variable explained science motivation more because of regression analysis. The positive relationship between science motivation and social-emotional learning; high school students analysis of natural events, both social and emotional, is among the contributions of this research to the field.
  Keywords: science motivation; social emotional learning; regression.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJLC.2024.10063009
   
  
• Use of augmented reality tools in marketing communication with the audience  
  by Jelena Salkovska, Anda Batraga, Liene Kaibe, Henrijs Kalkis, Katrina Kellerte, Laura Minskere 
  Abstract: The scientific problem of the paper is related to the need to improve corporate marketing communication by using innovative technologies to improve consumer experience in the purchase decision process and to reduce purchase risks. The use of augmented reality is one of the innovative marketing communication technologies. So far, the impact of the use of this technology on the consumer experience in the purchase decision process has not been sufficiently explored in both qualitative and quantitative aspects, and no statistical data on the use of augmented reality in marketing communication are available. However, the use of augmented reality became an important milestone during the COVID-19 pandemic, so the aim of this study is to assess the role of augmented reality tools in the purchase decision process and to develop proposals to improve the use of augmented reality tools in corporate marketing The research hypothesis has been confirmed and it has been concluded that the use of augmented reality in marketing communication enhances the consumer experience in the purchase decision process.
  Keywords: augmented reality; marketing communication; purchase decision; consumer experience.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJLC.2024.10063136
   
  
• Entrepreneurial intention of students: the effect of social media and entrepreneurship education  
  by S. Senthil Kumar, Ragini 
  Abstract: This cross-sectional study investigates the relationship between entrepreneurship education, social media use, and entrepreneurial intentions among students from various disciplines. The study aims to contribute to the existing knowledge on entrepreneurship education by evaluating the mediating role of social media use between entrepreneurship education and intention. The study collects data from 248 students through an online survey and analyses it using the partial least squares (PLSs) method. The study finds a link between entrepreneurship education and students’ interest in starting their own businesses. Students who use social media more frequently also have higher entrepreneurial intentions. The study also implies that the entrepreneurship education that students receive on social media can affect how they use social media for entrepreneurial purposes.
  Keywords: entrepreneurship education; entrepreneurial intention; social media; entrepreneurship pedagogy; digital technologies.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJLC.2024.10063190
   
  
• Harnessing employee emotional capital for higher order performance  
  by Parul Gupta, Kanupriya Misra Bakhru, Amit Shankar 
  Abstract: This study explores the factors that affect the accumulation of employee emotional capital and the subsequent returns generated in an organisation. It uses qualitative research methods based on interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA) to collect data which enables an in-depth investigation of the lived experience of the participants. This study identifies how factors like investment, leadership, culture, and systems impact the accumulation of employee emotional capital in an organisation. It also identifies which specific returns emotional capital can generate for individual employees and the organisation. This study also augments the Socio-technical systems theory (Trist and Bamforth, 1951) and makes it more relevant for the current business scenarios. The study provides a comprehensive understanding of factors which can strengthen the integration of technology and human components of an organisation and generate a higher order performance.
  Keywords: emotional capital; organisational performance; employee emotions; organisational investment.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJLC.2024.10063325
   
  
• Learning, attitude and biases: how related to intention of individual investors?  
  by Saroj Kumar Sahoo, Shradhanjali Panda, Sandhyarani Sahoo, Bidhu Bhusan Mishra 
  Abstract: Marketers of financial products are always interested to study the attitude of investors, but rarely any researcher or industry practitioner focused on the factors that precede the attitude in order to reach the purchase intention of financial customers (individual-investors). Hence, this study is intended to investigate the structural relationship of purchase-intention with attitude and learning. This study followed experimental research design along stratified sampling method, where the sample size is 526. With the structural equation modelling (SEM), mediation and moderation testing, it is proved that learning of financial customers have significant positive effect on behavioural intention with significant mediating effect of attitude. The model is invariant over gender and marital status. So, the marketing strategists or planners of financial products can strategise the learning to form favourable attitude of financial customers that ultimately develop positive intention of the concerned individual investors, which also justify the novelty/contributions of the present study.
  Keywords: investors; learning; attitude; intention; biases; financial customers.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJLC.2024.10063750
   
  
• Building career resilience: the interplay between university life satisfaction, career decision, and career adaptability  
  by Yogesh Sharma, Aarti Madan, Ankit Suri, Rajeev Sijariya, Vaniki Joshi Lohani, Lokesh Jindal 
  Abstract: The ability of individuals to excel in ones careers is termed as career adaptability. People with a high level of career adaptability score tend to showcase better overall control over their careers. In this study, we have explored the precedents that predict career adaptability. We collected data from 330 students of graduation, post-graduation, and research enrolled at various universities in India. Using structural equation modelling in R Programming, we found that social support and course relevance plays a positive and significant role in university life satisfaction which in turn predicts a positive impact on career adaptability and its four components (concern, control, curiosity, and confidence). Further we found negative moderation effect of career decision on relationship between course relevance and university life satisfaction. This empirical evidence in the study provides insights to the academic policymakers and various stakeholders and help in creating a robust and effective policy framework.
  Keywords: career decision; career counselling; career adaptability; PLS-SEM; social support; university life satisfaction; ULS; SEMinR.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJLC.2024.10063832
   
  
• Perceptions of teachers about e-learning during COVID-19 in Algeria  
  by Safia Bendjebar, Yacine Lafifi 
  Abstract: All countries on the planet are faced to an exceptional situation marked by a real coronavirus pandemic (COVID-19). In fact, this virus has changed our life and it has limited the number of people congregating in public places. Therefore, many institutions (states, establishments and private institutions) have taken all possible measures to effectively and responsibly prevent the risks of this epidemic. In education as well, such measures have been taken. Several platforms and resources have been used to help students, parents and teachers in order to facilitate students learning during this period. In this study, 101 teachers at the university of Guelma (Algeria) were selected randomly to analyse their opinions about the use of the adopted e-learning platform in their distance teaching. After using this platform for three months, teachers propose different improvements that will help learners and teachers to support the reformation of education at any emergency.
  Keywords: E-learning platform; COVID-19 pandemic; E-learning; moodle; Algerian universities.
  
  
• The adoption of ChatGPT among higher education students: measuring the adoption and personal characteristics  
  by Ghita Ibrahimi, Bouchra Benchekroun 
  Abstract: ChatGPT has advanced substantially, altering an array of industries and aspects of daily life. As it grows in popularity, ChatGPT has made its first steps into the field of education, especially higher education. This study aims to investigate the factors that affect the adoption of ChatGPT among higher education students. The novelty of this paper lies in its conceptual model combining both the adoption and personal characteristics. The findings show that demographic data have no impact on the adoption decision. However, the results suggest a negative impact of perceived advantage compatibility and visibility on ChatGPT adoption, while triability and ease of use proved to have a positive impact. Therefore, this study offers significant theoretical and managerial implications for higher education institutions (HEI) and policymakers. The results recommend a longitudinal study to assess the changes in causality between variables over time.
  Keywords: artificial intelligence; ChatGPT; higher education; students; innovation diffusion theory; higher education institutions; HEI.
  
  
• Grade 12 learners’ understanding of differentiation: tracking first principle and power rule using the ACE teaching cycle  
  by Wisani Hlangwani, Zwelithini Bongani Dhlamini 
  Abstract: This qualitative exploratory case study delves into learners’ understanding of differentiation through the first principle and power rule. The study adopted the action, process, object, and schema (APOS) theory as a lens to track learners’ understanding of these concepts using the activities, classroom discussion, and exercise (ACE) teaching cycle. The findings of the study highlight learners’ algebraic conceptual obstacles in comprehending the first principle and power rule. Moreover, the study demonstrates the effectiveness of the ACE teaching cycle as a valuable tool for unveiling learners’ conceptual obstacles. Overall, this research contributes to the advancement of knowledge and practice in mathematics learning by identifying critical issues, emphasising the significance of algebraic skills in differentiation, and showcasing the value of the ACE teaching cycle in supporting learners’ understanding. As a result, the study suggests the need for further research to enhance learners’ algebraic skills, which are essential for successful differentiation.
  Keywords: activities-classroom discussions-exercises; ACE; action-process-object-schema; APOS; differentiation; learner understanding; levelled; recursive.
  
  
• A comparative analysis of Web 3.0, Web 2.0, and Web 1.0: evolution and implications  
  by Lakshmi Mansi Chada, Hari Vishnu Parashar, Ishi Singh, Mishti Rastogi, Suvin Singh, S.P. Raja 
  Abstract: For ages, humankind was unsuccessful in accomplishing their aspirations practically, though sometimes they were able to achieve the same theoretically. However, this gap was bridged by many groundbreaking inventions. One such invention is the World Wide Web. The web, which is often described as an evolving network of networks, has constantly been moving forward since its discovery and thereby giving rise to improved applications. This review paper aims to elucidate the reader on the same. It provides a comprehensive understanding of each iteration of the web and talks about the technological advancements made considering that specific version of the web. The outcome of this review is to present the reader with a comparative analysis of all the iterations of the web based on certain chosen parameters. Furthermore, the findings of this review have been discussed from various aspects to help the reader gain a better understanding of the comparative analysis.
  Keywords: Web 1.0; Web 2.0; Web 3.0; decentralisation; blockchain; API; user experience; architecture; implications; limitations.
  
  
• Education and employment in the COVID-19 era: a systematic literature review  
  by Mauricio Vásquez-Carbonell, Katherine Cabana-Jiménez, Janns Alvaro Patiño-Saucedo 
  Abstract: SARS-CoV-2, a global pandemic, continues to impact the planet. In response to this epidemic, lockdowns were enforced in several nations, resulting in job losses and changes to the education system. To address these challenges, the implementation of tele-education and remote work was adopted. This study's objective is to address uncertainties about the nations that conducted extensive research on remote activities during the COVID-19 pandemic and their implementation results. Additionally, the study examined research findings that highlighted the benefits of using information and communication technologies (ICTs) tools, such as greater acceptance of remote activities, and found negative effects, like the emergence of new inequalities, providing insights for the accurate implementation of these services. Lastly, the results of the analysis led to a discussion on the prevalence of studies focused on medical sciences and tele-education.
  Keywords: SARS-CoV-2; COVID-19; pandemic; education; employment; information and communication technology; ICT; review; tele-education; telework; leading nations.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJLC.2023.10060420
   
  
• Playfulness as a teaching method in adult education: the case of a vocational institution  
  by Vasiliki Brinia, Aris Plios, Paraskevi Psoni 
  Abstract: Playfulness as a learning technique is applied into the present research in a group of adult learners. Initially, a game scenario was designed and implemented for the subject of microeconomics. Following a qualitative research methodology, through observation and interviews with ten participants before and after the playful activity, the results of the intervention were examined in terms of learning impact, student motivation and the interaction that was developed between them during the game. The participants' views on the advantages and disadvantages they identified in this scenario as well as their suggestions for improvement and expansion were also explored. Significant findings on this application were drawn, since playfulness in teaching is gradually coming to the forefront of adult training worldwide. The present paper provides insights on what conditions should be further examined, in order for such scenario to be effective as teaching techniques. The limited literature on the topic as well as the increasing realisation of the important effects of playfulness in adult training render the present study significant at an international level for multiple disciplines.
  Keywords: experiential learning; adult training; playfulness in teaching; playfulness and learning; game scenario; cognitive skills.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJLC.2024.10064304
   
  
• Twenty years of emotional intelligence in academia: a methodological review  
  by Emily Maria K. Jose, Bijay Prasad Kushwaha 
  Abstract: Emotional intelligence is a way to enhance workforce capability in the 21st century. Psychological well-being is vital for shaping faculty and student relationships in the educational sector. This article aims to provide an updated methodological review of emotional intelligence studies in academia. This study investigates two decades of emotional intelligence concepts and theories they have used for analysis in numerous studies in higher educational academia. A detailed examination of the method and result of the study was found and critical of the overall state of knowledge on emotional intelligence. The documents are extracted from the Scopus database, and after inclusion and exclusion, 43 empirical papers were selected for analysis. From these 43 articles, we extracted the scale and instruments used in the earlier studies. The literature has proven a substantial linkage between variables such as e-learning, training, and development. Finally, the findings suggest that the most used theories are Daniel Goleman's theory, trait emotional theory, and the bar on model. Moreover, most of the studies are conducted in Spain, the UK, and the USA. Deep learning, neurodiversity, and cognitive ability might motivate the educational sector and technological advancement in future research.
  Keywords: emotional intelligence; emotional ability; cognitive ability; well-being; turnover intention.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJLC.2023.10060888
   
  
• Designing employee competency models for sustainable development based on technological and economic changes  
  by Lucie Depoo, Hana Urbancová, Šárka Laboutková 
  Abstract: New competencies are required given new technologies, shifting business strategies, changes in external environment, such as COVID-19 crisis as well as many other factors. The aim of this paper is to identify key competencies and create a construct describing contribution of specific groups of competencies related to technical, managerial and specialised jobs to form future-oriented reskilling flexible competency models. The data were obtained from 134 organisations oriented on competency modelling. Multidimensional statistic was used to create and confirm designed future-oriented competency models usable in practice. Results developed new framework of competency models defining required competencies reflecting flexibility, leadership, talent and specialised competencies. This research contributes to academia by providing an integrated, and fundamental framework for competency development in different types of organisations based on which practitioner may adjust their models to support development of necessary future competencies.
  Keywords: employee; sustainable development; human resources; HR; education; learning; management; performance; competence.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJLC.2024.10061959
   
  
• Metaverse miracles: enhancing healthcare experiences through virtual reality  
  by Sarthak Punj, Poorvi Kejriwal, S.P. Raja 
  Abstract: Technology is advancing and metaverse is gaining popularity. The magic of metaverse is beyond our imagination. In simple terms, the metaverse refers to a virtual shared space that exists online, where people can interact, socialise, work, and play using digital avatars, just like they do in the real world. It is a combination of virtual reality, augmented reality, and the internet, all rolled into one immersive environment. Virtual reality (VR) immerses users in entirely computer-generated environments through headsets, while augmented reality (AR) overlays digital information onto the real world, enhancing the user's perception. This paper introduces new strategies to bring healthcare into the metaverse by providing solutions to the hurdles that have kept us from exploring this idea. These include reducing data transfer delays in the metaverse, making VR headsets more affordable, accurately predicting diseases by studying symptoms, and creating a platform for medical professionals to practice procedures on avatars before performing them on real patients. Metaverse has immense scope of revolutionising the healthcare and we are yet to unfold its complete usefulness.
  Keywords: metaverse; augmented reality; virtual reality.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJLC.2024.10064306