International Journal of Procurement Management (85 papers in press)

Regular Issues

• Multi-item sustainable manufacturing model for cleaner production system under imprecise demand and random defective rate  
  by Saif Sami 
  Abstract: The present study revisits the multi-item economic production quantity model by considering that production process is not perfect with the planned backorder. The present study aims to make the production system as a cleaner production system by considering a reworking process for random defective items which is uniformly distributed. In addition to this, to make the production system cleaner, an investment is made to control the production process. Based on the reworking time, two different inventory models are proposed under the effect of uncertainty in demand. Impreciseness in demand is handled by applying fuzzy set theory. Centroid method is applied to defuzzified the objective function. The global optimal solution is derived by using a nonlinear optimisation technique. Numerical analysis with sensitive analysis is provided to illustrate the proposed model. From analysis it is observed that due to increase in investment, 98% reduction in waste management cost and 11% reduction in total cost is observed. Thus, investment in system improvement is helpful to achieve the task of clean production. The study also highlighted the advantage of outsourcing for a cleaner environment. In the end, sensitivity analyses are also carried out, and based on managerial insights are provided.
  Keywords: cleaner production; rework; random defective rate; multi-item; screening process.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJPM.2021.10046304
   
  
• Public Procurement Reforms in The United Arab Emirates  
  by Karem Aboelazm 
  Abstract: This study deals with several concepts: centralised public procurement, decentralised public procurement, e-public procurement, and sustainable public procurement. It also explains the advantages and disadvantages of centralised and decentralised public procurement, the benefits of e-procurement in the UAE at the central and decentralised level, and its advantages in combating corruption. The study also illustrates the sustainable public procurement framework in the UAE with its three environmental, social, and economic dimensions. The study relied on descriptive and analytical approaches. It reached several results, the most important of which is that the centralised system at the federal level contributes to reducing public spending. The decentralised system contributes to the speed of meeting the needs of local administrations. It also achieved several positive results from applying the centralised and decentralised e-procurement system, which reduces corruption, and public spending on public procurement simplifies procedures and saves time and effort. The study also found that sustainability in public procurement achieves several social, economic, and environmental benefits.
  Keywords: public procurement; sustainable public procurement; e-public procurement; centralisation; decentralisation; UAE.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJPM.2023.10060187
   
  
• The Role of Ethics in Public Sector Procurement Theoretical Study for Enlightenment Underpinnings of Ethics  
  by Karem Aboelazm 
  Abstract: This paper sought to present a concept of ethical behaviours in the field of public service in general and in public procurement in particular, as the issue of ethics is considered one that does not end up being addressed by literature or law. The study also attempted to identify ethical values in public procurement by reviewing the public office's most critical moral values. The descriptive approach was used to review the various definitions of ethics and values of public service. The analytical approach was also used to determine the causes and motives for the moral collapse in public procurement and the causes of deviation in this field. Some mechanisms have been found that can be used to overcome this problem, which is considered a significant challenge to public procurement systems in many countries.
  Keywords: ethics; morals; public office; public procurement.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJPM.2024.10062967
   
  
• Enhancing the professionalisation in public sector procurement workforce for good governance: a comparative study  
  by Karem Aboelazm 
  Abstract: This study discussed several concepts represented in the study's conceptual framework, which was based on the ideas of profession, professionalism, and professionalisation. It also addressed the importance of professionalising public procurement jobs and its impact on the performance of public procurement. The study also analysed the most prominent international practices in raising public procurement workers' efficiency and capabilities to bring them to the point of complete professionalism in public purchasing. The study dealt with the experiences of several distinguished countries, such as the American Federal Reserve and New Zealand, and their achievement of advanced successes, in addition to the practical qualification of workers in public procurement and their interest in reaching this profession to professionalism, specialised academic degrees in public procurement were created, and the study relied on two basic approaches in the methods for researching this topic are the descriptive analytical method and the comparative method.
  Keywords: professionalisation; professionalism; capacity; performance; public procurement.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJPM.2024.10063452
   
  
• Ethics in Outsourcing of Procurement: A Case Study in a Professional Services Firm  
  by Marcio Panassol, Gilmar Masiero 
  Abstract: Global economic changes have heightened competitiveness, prompting organisations to prioritise their core competencies while seeking business partners to handle non-core activities. This article presents a case study of a professional services firm that outsourced its procurement function, aiming to assess the need for and implementation of changes in its ethics and compliance program. The case study is organised into three sections: a review of relevant literature on ethics and procurement outsourcing activities, an examination of technical documents from the service firm, and interviews with three executives possessing practical experience in the field. Based on the literature review and empirical field study, it was observed that although there were appropriate changes in the firms governance structure, no substantial modifications were made to the compliance and ethical program. The study underscores the importance of considering compliance and ethical programs when implementing changes, particularly in the context of the firms governance structure.
  Keywords: ethics outsourcing; make or buy; procurement outsourcing; professional services; core competencies; compliance programs; governance structures; supply chain resilience; risk management.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJPM.2024.10063718
   
  
• Responses to Economic Challenges the preferences and reputation of market players in public procurement  
  by Gyöngyi Vörösmarty, Tunde Tatrai 
  Abstract: Market players respond to economic challenges in public procurement in various ways to improve public procurement efficiency. Securing supply to ensure stable operations requires flexibility and openness. The aim of this paper is to compare practices in the period before the coronavirus pandemic, and after the lockdowns, which was associated with economic challenges. By exploring stakeholders' perceptions of conflict, this paper analyses the changes in attitudes of contracting authorities and tenderers in terms of reputation, trust, and communication. The results show more openness to joint problem-solving and informal relations with suppliers, which requires a reassessment of the phenomena of unethical behaviour, information sharing and cooperation in procurement.
  Keywords: public procurement; efficiency; reputation; conflict resolution.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJPM.2024.10063845
   
  
• Performance Outcomes of Supplier Development: A Hybrid Approach  
  by Dalvi Manojkumar, Vishal Bhosale, Anjali More 
  Abstract: The objective of the study is to investigate and comprehend the interrelationships and dependencies among supplier development performance outcomes (SDPOs) in order to facilitate a systematic execution of supplier performance improvement through supplier development (SD). The combination of two methodologies interpretive structural modelling (ISM) and fuzzy matrice dimpacts crois
  Keywords: fuzzy MICMAC; supplier development; vendor development.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJPM.2024.10064423
   
  
• Scheduling of Bus Rapid Transit Station Construction Project Using Dependency Structure Matrix in India  
  by Electricwala Fatima, Rakesh Kumar 
  Abstract: The bus rapid transit station is critical in determining public transport efficiency. Uncertainties arise due to the urban arterial road layout setup, which leads to scheduling changes and delays in project completion. The secondary data were collected from two BRT stations, including project completion and cause of delay encountered. Conventional planning practices disregarded iterative and inter-disciplinary activities, leading to suboptimal scheduling, rework, and time overrun. The analytical design planning technique (ADePT) has been introduced as a planning methodology that leverages a dependency structure matrix (DSM). The DSM-based scheduling technique incorporates design activity information, iteration design process, sequential activities, and rework risk into the competing internal and cross-stage activities that give optimised schedule sequences. The developed analytical tool fits shorter schedules, overlapped tasks and validation. This study suggests that identifying overlap activities and rework time can lead to the effective use of resources for the timely completion of station construction.
  Keywords: bus rapid transit; BRT; station; construction; schedule; dependency structure matrix; DSM; overlapping; rework; India.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJPM.2024.10064465
   
  
• Impact Of Procurement Management Practices on The Project Performance: Perspective of Project Management Firms  
  by Ruua Al Yazeedi, Asif Rana 
  Abstract: The general purpose of the study is to determine how procurement practices, such as project performance, need assessment, supplier sourcing, and contract management practice, influence the performance of projects in project management organisations. An exploratory research approach used for the study, and a quantitative analysis is done, while the other portion contains the four primary independent variables and one dependent variable. This is a practical sample strategy, and a total of 100 managers, contractors and project management contacted for the same. Data analysis is done using SPSS Version 25, including a reliability check. Empirical data are gathered in this study strategy to test the hypothesis. Additionally, statistical analyses are performed. The researcher assesses the effectiveness of procurement procedures in terms of need assessment, supplier sourcing, and contract management. The efficacy of procurement practices on the execution of the project is a research gap that the study attempts to solve.
  Keywords: procurement practices; project management; project performance.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJPM.2024.10064956
   
  
• Considering Continuous Review Policy in a Two-Echelon Inventory System using a Reinforcement Learning Approach  
  by Adele Behzad, Mohammadali Pirayesh, Mohammad Ranjbar 
  Abstract: This research focuses on analysing a two-echelon inventory system comprising a central warehouse and several identical retailers. The system utilises a continuous review policy for replenishment across all facilities. The demand at the retailers follows an independent Poisson process, and the lead times are subject to stochastic variability without a pre-defined probability distribution. Additionally, the lead time for the warehouse, sourced from an external supplier, is assumed to remain constant. Unfulfilled demand is lost at the retailers, while it is backlogged at the warehouse. To optimise the ordering points and predetermined order sizes at all echelons, a reinforcement learning algorithm is developed. The proposed algorithm's effectiveness is evaluated through simulation and comparison with existing literature solutions. Moreover, the algorithm is implemented with both ordering points and order sizes as decision variables, demonstrating the efficacy of the Q-learning algorithm in this context.
  Keywords: multi-echelon inventory system; continuous review; lost sales; reinforcement learning.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJPM.2024.10065268
   
  
• The Crude Challenge: The Influence of Oil Prices on Automobile Industry Dynamics  
  by Debanjalee Bose, Sakthi Srinivasan K 
  Abstract: The research examines how crude oil prices affect automotive sector stock prices, using ARMA and GARCH models for detailed study. It finds that companies react differently, underlining the challenges of predicting stock trends amid economic shifts. The study also notes an absence of consistent volatility patterns across companies, indicating diverse volatility behaviours. This research significantly advances our understanding of crude oil's subtle effects on automotive stocks, suggesting further areas for detailed analysis and model improvements. The effect of crude oil prices on the automobile industry's stock volatility over 18 years, using data from Yahoo Finance. The study selects nine key companies from the NIFTY 50 automobile indices for understanding the volatility. Advanced statistical models like ARMA, ARCH, and GARCH are employed to assess the impact of crude oil price fluctuations on stock prices, aiming to explore the patterns, trends, and relationships between crude oil prices and stock performance.
  Keywords: crude oil prices; automobile industry; stock volatility; ARMA; GARCH; econometric models; market dynamics; statistical analysis.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJPM.2024.10065318
   
  
• From Inactive to Proactive: Examining Social Sustainability Approaches and Relational Dynamics in Procurement from a Social Capital Perspective  
  by Jad E.L. Bizri, Sven-Anders Stegare 
  Abstract: This study investigates how social sustainable procurement is characterised in terms of relational dynamics and its impact on social sustainability outcomes. Adopting qualitative research with a focus on the social capital lens, 21 semi-structured interviews with 30 respondents were conducted in the Swedish hospitality sector. Our findings point towards four distinct social sustainability approaches: inactive, reactive, active, and proactive. These approaches are influenced by the relational dynamics, encompassing dialogue, goal and cultural value congruence, and frequency of interaction. The study highlights the pivotal role of dialogue as a catalyst for transitioning from an inactive to a proactive approach. This research contributes to the development of a theoretical framework rooted in social capital theory, examining how relational dynamics influence the selection of social sustainability strategies. Furthermore, it provides valuable managerial insights, offering a social sustainability-procurement trajectory model that assists managers in assessing their strategic standing and guides them to specific improvements.
  Keywords: social sustainability; procurement; social capital; relational dynamics; Swedish hospitality.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJPM.2024.10065320
   
  
• Payment Methods and Sustainable Inventory Management in Online Business: A Comparative Analysis  
  by Manoj Kumar Sharma, Shubham Bhushan, Pragati Bhardwaj 
  Abstract: In the dynamic world of online business, the choice of payment methods plays a crucial role in shaping how inventory is managed. Firstly, cash on delivery are examined for their immediate liquidity benefits, which help in quickly turning over inventory and managing cash flow efficiently. Secondly, advance payments are analysed for their ability to offer upfront capital, thus reducing the need for extensive inventory financing. Finally, credit payments (buy-now-pay-later and EMI options) are assessed for their potential to boost sales volume and consumer purchasing power. In this study employs a demand-sensitive pricing approach and explores investments in preservation technology. The decision-making process incorporates considerations of carbon emission policies and investment of preservation technology. The primary focus is on a comparative analysis of payment schemes in the context of online inventory management. Theoretical insights are validated through numerical examples and sensitivity analyses to derive practical managerial implications.
  Keywords: e-commerce business; price sensitive demand; preservation technology; payment schemes; deterioration; carbon emission.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJPM.2024.10065983
   
  
• Upstream Decision To Buy Local Products: How Government Role Moderates The Influence Of Product Quality And Capacity On Intention to Buy  
  by Widi Santuso, Mochammad Al Musadieq, Kadarisman Hidayat, Sunarti Sunarti 
  Abstract: This research aims to test and analyse the effect of product quality and capacity on the intention and decision to buy local products with the government's role as a moderating variable. This study takes a quantitative approach by collecting data through questionnaires distributed directly to 90 companies and then analysing them using structural equation modelling (SEM). The research results showed that product quality and capacity significantly influenced the intention to buy local products and the decision to buy local products, and the intention to buy local products had a significant positive effect on the decision to buy local products. Meanwhile, the government's role significantly moderates the influence of product quality and capacity on the decision to buy local products. The research introduces a novel dimension by unveiling the significant moderating government role in shaping the impact of product quality and capacity on the decision to buy local products.
  Keywords: capacity; government role; intention to buy; local product purchase; product quality.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJPM.2024.10066062
   
  
• Revealing the Power of Collaboration in Research and Innovation  
  by Farah Atiqah Sharif, Aslan Amat Senin 
  Abstract: Community, academics, business leaders, and the government must work together to spend, come up with new ideas, set standards, and work towards a wide range of goals in reaction to the Fourth Industrial Revolution (4 IR) and demand. Collaboration in study and creation has been talked about for a long time in academia. Still, it is hard to implement this idea, especially in developing and poor countries. This article intends to discuss the guidelines to initiate research and innovation collaboration to explore the channels of research and innovation collaboration and its importance towards collaboration partners. This article employs a systematic literature review approach, utilising thematic analysis to uncover patterns and themes within the data gathered from prior literature reviews and books. This study provides explicit guidelines and phases for research and innovation collaboration while also identifying formal and informal collaboration channels and characteristics affecting channel selection.
  Keywords: research; innovation; phases; channels; collaboration.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJPM.2024.10066132
   
  
• The Antecedents of Acceptance of Halal Food among Non-Muslims in Ghana Using the Theory of Planned Behaviour and Value-Belief-Norm Theory  
  by Edward Markwei Martey  
  Abstract: This paper aims to examine the antecedents of acceptance of halal food among non-Muslims in Ghana using the extended theory of planned behaviour. The study employed a judgmental sampling method to collect primary responses from customers of halal food. Questionnaires were designed based on the constructs of TPB and VEN and were distributed to 463 respondents. The gathered data were analysed using partial least squares structural equation modelling to test the hypotheses developed through literature review. The results of the data analysis indicate that only trust in halal food moderated the relationship between personal value and acceptance of halal food. This research incorporated environmental beliefs, personal norms, personal values, and pro-environmental attitude as moderating variables on the constructs of TPB, with a specific focus on non-Muslims in Ghana.
  Keywords: halal food; HLF; acceptance; trust; availability; personal value; Ghana.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJPM.2024.10066135
   
  
• Perceived Uncertainty and Purchase Intention in Social Commerce: Analysis of the Moderating Role of Seller's Response Time and Returns Policy  
  by Renger Kanani, Goodluck Charles 
  Abstract: Although research on the uncertainty of online businesses has begun to attract scholarly attention, there are few studies on the effect of uncertainty on social commerce purchase intention and measures to mitigate it. To address this gap, this study examined the perceived effect of uncertainty on s-commerce purchase intention and the extent to which the seller's response time and lenient returns policy moderated buyers' perceived uncertainty. Using empirical evidence from 155 social commerce buyers, the study revealed that s-commerce purchase intention is negatively and significantly influenced by the perceived uncertainty of potential buyers. It is also revealed that the purchase intention is negatively and significantly influenced by the delayed response time, and is positively and significantly influenced by the lenient returns policy. In view of these findings, the study demonstrates that an effective response time and lenient returns policy can mitigate the effect of perceived uncertainty on s-commerce purchase intention.
  Keywords: social commerce; social commerce purchase intention; perceived uncertainty; social commerce users; marketing communication.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJPM.2024.10066278
   
  
• The Relevance of Green Purchasing and Ecodesign for the Consolidation of Green Manufacturing in Footwear Production  
  by Dusan Schreiber, Marco Antônio Mabília Martins, Serje Schmidt 
  Abstract: The objective of this research was to analyse whether green design and ecological purchasing contribute to sustainability in footwear manufacturing. This study is considered relevant due to the limited scientific literature on this specific topic, namely, green manufacturing in the footwear sector. The theoretical frameworks guiding the research included green manufacturing, sustainable/ecological purchasing, and ecodesign. A multiple case study strategy was employed, focusing on four large footwear industries located in the southern region of Brazil. The research adopted a qualitative approach, collecting empirical data through in-depth interviews with professionals possessing notable expertise in each of the industries, supplemented by documentary surveys and non-participant systematic observations. The empirical data were subjected to content analysis. The results indicated that the adoption of ecodesign/green design, in conjunction with the implementation of sustainable/ecological purchasing practices, can contribute to the realisation of green manufacturing processes in the footwear industry.
  Keywords: fashion; footwear industry; green manufacturing; green purchasing; ecodesign.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJPM.2024.10066327
   
  
• Cost Optimization of Single Server Retrial Queue with Standby Server, Extended Vacation and Delayed Repair  
  by Poornima R, Kirupa K 
  Abstract: This paper analyses a steady-state queueing system with repeated attempts, coupled with a standby server during vacation periods. Clients arrive in batches according to a compound Poisson process. If the server is idle upon batch arrival, one client receives immediate service; the rest join the orbit. Otherwise, the entire batch joins the orbit. After each service completion, the server may take a vacation and may extend the vacation with a certain probability. During vacations of the main server, a standby server serves clients. The server is subject to breakdown at a random amount of time, and the repair starts after some delay. After repair, service resumes for interrupted clients. Using the supplementary variable method, the equilibrium condition of the system is derived, and the stochastic decomposition law is verified. The system's probabilities and performance metrics are obtained. The optimal standby rate is determined through cost analysis to minimise expenses for the proposed model.
  Keywords: batch arrival; Bernoulli extended vacation; standby server; random breakdown; delay repair; reserved time.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJPM.2024.10066371
   
  
• Impact of Inventory Leanness on Financial Performance of Firms with Mediating Effect of Risk-Taking  
  by Farah Naz, Amna Bashir, Veera Salman, Anam Tariq 
  Abstract: This study investigates the impact of inventory leanness on the firms’ financial performance along with the mediating role of the risk-taking decision of those firms. This study analysed 244 Pakistani firms from 2010-2020 using Panel Regression Analysis. The statistical findings show that having optimized levels of inventory boosts the financial performance of firms. Moreover, the risk-taking decision of firms partially mediates this impact. Previous contradictory findings and fewer studies examining Pakistani firms in this regard mandate this study to be carried out. The study is limited by a few factors such as a specific country under study leading to a lack of generalisability. Additionally, the impact of inventory leanness on financial performance can be hindered due to uncontrollable or systematic risk factors, making room for future research.
  Keywords: inventory leanness; financial performance; financial leverage; capital intensity; size of firm; return on assets; return on investment; empirical leanness indicator; inventory turnover.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJPM.2024.10066392
   
  
• A study of contemporary procurement strategies: insights from European experts using a Delphi study approach  
  by Bozidar Lenarcic, Armand Faganel 
  Abstract: In today’s evolving organisational landscape, procurement function plays a crucial role in responding to contemporary trends through strategic management of purchasing categories. This study delves into modern procurement strategies within contemporary strategic procurement, using the well-established Kraljic matrix as a guiding framework. Through the Delphi method, we engaged 28 participants from 19 organisations across seven EU countries, uncovering 114 innovative procurement strategies. Our analysis provides an overview across strategic, leverage, bottleneck, and non-critical materials, validated through statistical consensus. The research emphasises procurement’s importance in both risk mitigation and profit optimisation, offering valuable insights into the diversity of procurement strategies across organisations. By drawing on empirical data from insights with European procurement experts, this study enhances understanding of key strategic procurement components.
  Keywords: procurement function; purchasing; modern procurement strategies; strategic procurement; internal customers; Kraljic matrix; Delphi method; category management.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJPM.2024.10066499
   
  
• Soft Skills' Critical Influence on Managerial Creativity: An Empirical Study in Jordanian Banking  
  by Adnan Alwedyan, Majed Alzoubi, Mohammad Almarshad, Ziad Jamal Haddad, Abdelkhalik Alhammouri, Omar Hayajneh, Nasser Battah 
  Abstract: Modern business is increasingly recognising the importance of soft skills in improving managerial effectiveness and organisational performance. This study examines how soft skills boost managerial creativity in Jordanian banking. The research uses descriptive-analytical methods to analyse 276 bank employees' structured questionnaire responses. We want to quantify the relationship between managers' soft skills and their creativity. Communication skills rank highest among managers at 82%, followed by self-discipline, teamwork, learning, and leadership. Leadership skills like flexibility, creativity, fluency, and questions scored over 70%. The study quantifies that leadership, initiative, self-assertion, tenacity, and communication boost managerial creativity. It also shows that managerial creativity boosts soft skills. The findings suggest that innovative banking leadership and cutting-edge management require soft skills. This study adds to knowledge by emphasising soft skills and managerial creativity in Jordan's banking sector. Management soft skills are also stressed to promote innovation and competitiveness.
  Keywords: soft skills; Jordanian banking sector; managerial creativity; communication; marketing capabilities.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJPM.2024.10066686
   
  
• Focusing Supply Chain and Container Terminal Challenges from the Lens Of Indian Industries' Perspectives with Proposed Data Science Interlinked Artificial Intelligence Model  
  by Mohanbabu S, Vettriselvan R 
  Abstract: In any industry, logistics and supply chain management will play a major role in defining the strategy and competitive price. This paper aims to review existing literature on supply chain challenges and artificial intelligence involvement in logistics to overcome such challenges. The current study was carried out across various regions of India. Primary data was collected from 150 respondents who are involved in supply chain and port operations. Further, this paper focuses on examining the significance and difference of opinions among industry clusters with respect to functional roles and experience levels. Findings revealed that significance exists between various types of industries, and fuel prices influence operation costs. Finally, a data science-interlinked artificial intelligence neural network model (DSIAI) was constructed to overcome supply chain challenges and concludes that container port issues and operations also affect various industries when their efficiency decreases. The developed model provides useful insights into the logistics industry.
  Keywords: Artificial Intelligence; Data Science Model; Supply Chain; Procurement Management.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJPM.2024.10066691
   
  
• E-Procurement Adoption Impact on Operational Efficiency and Performance of Medium Scale Industries: Pandemic Perspective  
  by G. Bala Sendhil Kumar, Ganesh Kumar, Victer Paul 
  Abstract: This paper analyses the impact of different factors on the adoption of e-procurement systems and detects the impact of the adoption of e-procurement on the operational efficiency and business performance of medium-scale industries. After a thorough investigation of the literature reviewed, the factors that facilitate the adoption of e-procurement were identified and the conceptual model was developed. The primary data was collected using a non-disguised and well-structured questionnaire from the executives in the production department of medium-scale industries that are using e-procurement. The sample size for this study is 432, the data collected is analysed using statistical packages of AMOS 20, and the conceptual model tested using structural equation modelling. This research study reveals that factors like organisational factors, technological factors, and supplier-related factors drive organisations to adopt e-procurement, and organisations using e-procurement enjoy better operational efficiency, which leads to an increase in overall business performance in the pandemic situation.
  Keywords: adoption; e-procurement; medium scale industries; operational efficiency performance.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJPM.2024.10066696
   
  
• Procurement Practices and Public Sector Procurement Performance in Ghana: the Moderating Role of Political Interference  
  by Lomatey Toku, Abdul Samed, Francis Andohbaidoo, Joshua Ofori-Amanfo 
  Abstract: Scholars and practitioners have shown keen interest in understanding how procurement practices influence public sector procurement performance. More importantly, there have been inconsistent results on this phenomenon. Political interference has been noted as a potential contributing factor, especially in developing nations such as Ghana, but has not been examined in prior empirical studies. Grounded in the agency theory, we explore two mechanisms that are key in influencing public sector procurement performance: 1) procurement practice; 2) political interference. Data from 308 procurement practitioners from state institutions in Ghana were obtained using questionnaires. Smart PLS version 4 was employed to analyse the data. The outcomes confirm a positive statistically significant relationship between procurement practice and public sector procurement performance. Additionally, political interference negatively moderates the relationship between procurement practice and public sector procurement performance. The contributions to theory and practice are discussed.
  Keywords: procurement practices; procurement performance; public sector; political interference; moderation; scale development; Ghana.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJPM.2024.10066716
   
  
• Procurement 2030: Delphi Study on the Future of Procurement  
  by Ramona Niederschweiberer, Florian C. Kleemann 
  Abstract: Due to the growing importance of procurement in recent years, further emphasised by current management challenges and crises, the questions of future focal points and lines of development are becoming increasingly relevant. In this way, essential directional decisions can be made in good time and their implementation can be proactively initiated. This article aims to create a solid basis for this by developing a picture of the future for procurement by means of a Delphi study. The survey of around 40 managers in the field reveals agility, sustainability, innovation and digitalisation as key upcoming priorities. Further, numerous challenges have been identified and their managerial implications, e.g., on change management or recruiting, developed.
  Keywords: future of procurement; Procurement 2030; procurement strategy; Delphi study; empirical study.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJPM.2024.10066733
   
  
• Effectiveness of Utilising Social Media Marketing to Promote Handicrafts: a Comprehensive Analysis from Society Standpoint  
  by Jugal Kishor, Swati Sharma 
  Abstract: The rich tapestry has given rise to tangible objects, such as handicrafts, which are expressions of human ability, devotion, and creativity. Many experts in the field have stressed the many advantages of handmade items, praising their beneficial effects on both society and the environment. Focusing on the promotional aspect of Indian handicraft items using different social media platforms is the purpose of this research. Recognition, perception, and product value are the three metrics that the research uses to evaluate the efficacy of social media marketing campaigns targeting handmade items. This empirical study employed a questionnaire administered offline to gather data from 386 samples, which were then analysed using structural equation modelling. This study's results demonstrated that SMM for handmade goods significantly influenced the development of product perception, product recognition, and product value. In the social media setting, this research likewise showed that product value had a favourable and substantial effect on customers’ intentions to buy handmade items.
  Keywords: digital society; society; handicraft; social media marketing; SSM; strategy.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJPM.2024.10066735
   
  
• Procure-To-Pay(P2P) Processes: an Empirical Exploration of Inefficiencies  
  by Jonas Ronellenfitsch, Jana-Rebecca Rehse, Fareed Zandkarimi, Christoph Bode 
  Abstract: In recent years, researchers have increasingly centred their attention on strategic and tactical procurement processes. In contrast to that, procure-to-pay (P2P) processes, which operationally ensure the availability of input resources, have rarely been studied. However, industry managers know that P2P processes can be a constant source of resource consumption and compliance risks. In this research, an exploratory analysis of real-world ERP data using process mining methods shows the nature of P2P inefficiencies as well as hints regarding their origin. Four requestor-related, four item-related, and four supplier-related factors resonating with a newly developed inefficiency indicator are structurally reviewed. This study contributes to the academic discussion on information systems in operations / process management in three ways: Methodically, by introducing and testing a new measure for process inefficiency; empirically, by applying the rather novel technique of process mining to a large-scale real-world dataset; and theoretically, by exploring the character of P2P inefficiency.
  Keywords: Procurement; Procure-to-Pay; Purchase-to-Pay; P2P; Process Inefficiencies; Process Mining; Data Mining; Empirical Research; Operations Management; Information Systems.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJPM.2024.10066926
   
  
• Investigating the Impact of Logistics Practices on Marketing Performance of Business Enterprises: the Mediating Role of Competitive Strategy  
  by Arega Setegn, Gurudutta Japee, Aklilu Desta, Girma Admassie 
  Abstract: This study examines the mediated influence of competitive strategy in the relationship between logistical practices and the marketing performance of business enterprises. To choose sample respondents, purposive, and simple random sampling approaches were employed. The useable and effective questionnaires for this study included 330 responses. The survey findings were examined with SPSS version 26.0 software as well as AMOS 24, a structural equation modelling application. The study found that procurement, manufacturing support, and distribution practices had a positive impact on marketing performance. Furthermore, competitive strategy acts as a statistically significant mediator between procurement practices, manufacturing support, distribution practices, and marketing performance. Even if the findings are encouraged, their effects remain limited. To compete successfully in business and improve marketing performance, companies must ensure efficient and effective raw materials, and implement quality control procedures to ensure consistent product quality and optimise distribution channels to effectively reach their target customers.
  Keywords: logistics practices; procurement; manufacturing support; distribution practices; competitive strategy; marketing performance.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJPM.2024.10067081
   
  
• Enhancing Sustainable Procurement: the Role of E-Procurement Implementation in Local Government Institutions of Ghana  
  by Abdul-Razak Imoro, Mustapha T. Seidu, Rebecca A. Boadi 
  Abstract: This study evaluates the extent of e-procurement implementation (EPI) within public procurement processes and examines its relationship with sustainable procurement performance (SPP) among local government organisations. Grounded in institutional theory (IT), this research adopts a descriptive quantitative approach, utilising a cross-sectional survey of 220 local government staff in the upper east region of Ghana. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics and multivariate regression analysis. Findings reveal that while procurement processes such as needs identification, specification of requirements and proposal evaluation are highly automated, others like contracting invoice verification and record-keeping remain predominantly manual. Additionally, EPI shows significant positive impacts on environmental impact, social responsibility, economic contribution, and ethical sourcing, with the strongest effect observed in economic contribution and the weakest in ethical sourcing. This study provides significant information for local government organisations on making informed decisions regarding EPI and highlights the importance of institutional dynamics in enhancing sustainable procurement practices aligned with broader societal goals.
  Keywords: e-procurement implementation; EPI; sustainable procurement; institutional theory; local government; Ghana; sustainable procurement performance; SPP.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJPM.2024.10067200
   
  
• The Market of Companies providing Tourist Information Services for Spanish Public Administrations in the Period 2018-2022  
  by Carlos Garulo RamonÓN  
  Abstract: The public administration resorts to outsourcing tourist information services when it does not have its own means to provide them adequately. The aim of this research is to analyse the market of companies that have participated in the tendering processes for tourist information services in Spain in the period 20182022, in order to understand the profile of companies currently managing this service and the types of tendering processes that have been carried out. The data suggest a positive trend towards the outsourcing of these services, as well as a predominance of diverse criteria (both qualitative and quantitative), and a higher success rate of companies specialised in culture and/or tourism, followed by other types of companies and multi-service firms. A total of 257 tenders were analysed, with 217 different bidders, and 98 of them were awarded contracts.
  Keywords: outsourcing; services; public procurement; Spanish tenders; tourist information.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJPM.2024.10067201
   
  
• HR Analytics in Norwegian Companies: an Updated Overview  
  by Dag Øivind Madsen, Lina Alsvik, Kåre Slåtten 
  Abstract: The public administration resorts to outsourcing tourist information services when it does not have its own means to provide them adequately. The aim of this research is to analyse the market of companies that have participated in the tendering processes for tourist information services in Spain in the period 20182022, in order to understand the profile of companies currently managing this service and the types of tendering processes that have been carried out. The data suggest a positive trend towards the outsourcing of these services, as well as a predominance of diverse criteria (both qualitative and quantitative), and a higher success rate of companies specialised in culture and/or tourism, followed by other types of companies and multi-service firms. A total of 257 tenders were analysed, with 217 different bidders, and 98 of them were awarded contracts.
  Keywords: outsourcing; services; public procurement; Spanish tenders; tourist information.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJPM.2024.10067260
   
  
• Main Benefits of Centralised Government Procurement: an AHP Application with Brazilian Experts  
  by Stéfane Nascimento Da Silva, Alexandre Nascimento De Almeida, Celso Vila Nova De Souza Júnior 
  Abstract: Public procurement has gained strategic importance within organisations, leading to a growth in centralization models in contracting. However, the effects of these models are still discussed and evaluated to a limited extent by administrations. The objective of this study is to hierarchize the benefits of centralizing public procurement, contributing to the design and implementation of this model in different contexts. Based on a literature review, the main benefits of centralised procurement were grouped into three thematic axes: 1) economy, 2) innovation, and 3) sustainability. Afterwards, a group of 22 experts ranked the benefits using the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP). The findings demonstrated a strong alignment between theoretical predictions and the insights provided by the consulted experts. Overall, the centralisation of procurement was identified as a key driver of enhanced governance, fostering an environment conducive to innovation. This, in turn, contributed to improved economic efficiency and sustainability outcomes.
  Keywords: shared purchasing; public contracts; bids.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJPM.2024.10067571
   
  
• The Effect of Supply Chain Sustainability Practices on SME Performance in Turkey  
  by Jayant Shaligram Brahmane  
  Abstract: Companies have started using sustainable supply chain practices (SSCPs) to make their supply chain network less harmful to people and the environment The main goal is to lessen harmful effects on the environment, especially those that come from using more water and energy The study looks at how SSCP affects economic performance (EP) using 439 accurate answers from Turkish industrial companies that were gathered through cross-sectional research There was a study of how environmental performance (ENP) and social performance (SP) work together The role of Industry 4 0 as a monitor was analysed more SSC can help both SP and ENP When SP and ENP are present, EP gets better The SP and ENP are in charge of part of this link between SSCP and EP People who worked for companies that used a lot of Industry 4 0 tools also saw SSCP have a bigger impact on ENP and EP
  Keywords: sustainable supply chain practices; sustainability; practice-based view; organizational information processing theory.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJPM.2024.10067577
   
  
• The Interrelationship between Economic Satisfaction, Trust, Commitment, and Non-Economic Satisfaction in Franchisee-Franchisor Relationships  
  by Margaret Theresé Constantaras, Pieter Gerhardus Mostert, Göran Svensson 
  Abstract: This study aimed to uncover the interrelationship between economic satisfaction, trust, commitment, and non-economic satisfaction by also considering the mediating role of trust and commitment between the satisfaction constructs in franchisee-franchisor relationships. A total of 415 South African franchisees completed a self-completion online questionnaire. The research and two rival models showed that economic satisfaction has an unequivocal influence on non-economic satisfaction and that trust and commitment mediate this effect. The findings contribute to our understanding of the interrelationships between the study constructs, specifically in franchise relationships, and offer insights to franchisors about how stronger relationships with franchisees beyond their contractual obligations could be fostered. The study contributes by validating, for the first time in a franchise context, the interrelationship linking economic satisfaction, non-economic satisfaction, trust, and commitment previously conducted in business studies and furthermore confirms the mediating role of trust and commitment on the relationship between economic and non-economic satisfaction.
  Keywords: Franchise industry; franchisees; economic satisfaction; non-economic satisfaction; trust; commitment; franchisee-franchisor relationships; business relationships.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJPM.2024.10067862
   
  
• A Green Approach to Inventory Optimisation: Strategic Investments in Preservation and Carbon Regulation Compliance  
  by Manoj Kumar Sharma, Khushi ., Shalu Chaudhary, Nimit Jain, Mukesh Kumar 
  Abstract: As the urgency to combat global warming intensifies, reducing carbon emissions and mitigating waste from product deterioration have become critical priorities. This study presents an innovative and sustainable inventory model aimed at minimising waste through strategic investments in preservation and green technologies. By focusing on maximising total system profit, the model integrates a deterministic framework that accounts for price and advertisement-dependent demand, as well as time-variant holding costs, all within the constraints of a carbon cap-and-trade regulation policy. Especially, the model allows for shortages, which are fully backlogged, providing a realistic approach to inventory management. The study's primary objective is to identify the optimal value of the total profit function. We further validate the concavity of the objective function by applying both necessary and sufficient criteria, complemented by graphical representation. At last, we have completed numerical illustrations and sensitivity analysis to assess the model's effectiveness and practical applicability.
  Keywords: sustainable inventory management; price and advertisement dependent demand; preservation technology investment; green investment; carbon cap and trade policy.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJPM.2024.10067989
   
  
• Implementing Sustainable Public Procurement in Indonesia: Economic Impacts and Socio-Economic Benefits of Prioritising Domestic Products  
  by Dewi Sadtyaji, Nana Storada Dwi Martadi, Teguh Yuwono, Yuwanto Yuwanto, Nunik Retno Herawati 
  Abstract: This study explores the implementation of Sustainable Public Procurement (SPP) within Indonesia's legal framework and assesses the economic effects of prioritizing domestic products. By analysing policy documents, government reports, and procurement data, the research offers a detailed view of how SPP principles are embedded in Indonesian laws and practices. It further evaluates the economic outcomes of focusing on domestic products in procurement. Data were gathered from secondary sources and interviews with staff from the National Public Procurement Agency (LKPP), the Ministry of National Development Planning (Bappenas), and Statistics Indonesia (BPS). Findings show that allocating IDR 312 44 trillion to domestic products and IDR 60 06 trillion to imports contributes an additional 1 12% to GDP, equating to IDR 105 6 trillion. This procurement ratio has also improved the employment rate by 2 18%, translating to 2 63 million jobs.
  Keywords: domestic products; procurement; procurement data; policy; policy document; sustainability; Sustainable Public Procurement; legal framework; economic impact; employment rate.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJPM.2024.10068046
   
  
• Sustainable Inventory Policies for Green Cosmetic Products with Combined Advantages of the Exhibition and Free Sample of Products  
  by Ritu Pujara, Kunal Shukla, Dharmesh Katariya 
  Abstract: The proposed research deals with that the seller is offering eco-friendly cosmetics to the consumer. In order to catch the attention of new customers, the seller is selling items at a nearby exhibition and giving away free samples of his main product during the exhibition. The main product and free sample of main product are two inventories, with actual market demand are taken into account. Exhibition, distribution of free samples of the main item and green investment all have a direct effect on product demand. In order to maximise profit of seller with respect to optimum value of selling price, green investment, cycle time and order quantity, the problem is formulated as a mathematical model. The findings indicate the exhibition and distribution of free samples of main product significantly increased sales and total profit. Numerical example and sensitivity analysis validated the model and derived the outcome and finally concluded the article with future scope of study.
  Keywords: inventory; price dependent demand; sustainability; green investment; exhibition; free sample.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJPM.2024.10068049
   
  
• VR and AR for optimisation of packaging sample processes in the food procurement process  
  by Nils Brehme, Nils Thomas Finger 
  Abstract: Despite increasing market challenges, procurement remains in most companies comparatively inefficient and does not leverage widely available technologies to the extent possible. Hence, this research seeks to support the digitalisation of procurement by investigating the potential of two selected technologies, namely Virtual (VR) and Augmented Reality (AR). This is done with a study on enhancing the packaging sample process in the particularly competitive food retail industry in Germany. In the context of increasing cost pressure, retailers are required to optimize and innovate procurement practices. By evaluating VR and AR as supplementary tools to traditional physical assessments, the study examines the technologies’ impact on efficiency and responsiveness. Interviews with industry experts confirm VR’s and AR's applicability across different product categories and emphasize considerable saving potentials for procurement. Considering related potentials and challenges, the technologies are best integrated as complementary solutions to established procurement methods, offering strategic advantages for sourcing operations.
  Keywords: Augmented Reality; Virtual Reality; Packaging Samples; Food Retail Industry; Germany; Technology Adoption; Procurement Processes; Procurement Strategy; Innovation in Procurement; Digital Procurement,.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJPM.2024.10069819
   
  
• Inventory Model for Non-Instantaneous Deteriorating Items with Dynamic Demand, Hybrid Payment and Partial Backlogging under the COVID-19 pandemic  
  by Monika Rani, Vikas Tiwari, Sachin Kumar, Vipin Kumar 
  Abstract: The COVID-19 pandemic has profoundly impacted global supply chains, causing disruptions in production, customer performance, lead times and finances across various industries such as healthcare, food, fast-moving consumer goods and automotive This article explores recovery objectives in the context of COVID-19 and presents a hybrid payment inventory model for non-instantaneous deteriorating items Proposed hybrid payment scheme which consist n number of prepayments along with delay in payments facilitate customer during and post COVID situation This model is one of the very few models which provide guidelines in the planning of replenishment policy when demand is fluctuated in the context of pandemic and based on price and time During the disrupted supply shortage is discussed in the model which is partially backlogged later Here, various decision-making findings are illustrated with numerical examples to validate the model Sensitivity analysis is given to provide managerial insights for better management during pandemic situations.
  Keywords: Post Covid-19 Recovery; Non-instantaneous Deteriorating Items; Hybrid Payment; Time and Price Sensitive Demand; Partial Backlogging.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJPM.2024.10068058
   
  
• The Association between Procurement Process, E-Procurement Deployment and Procurement Performance in an Emerging Economy  
  by Lomatey Toku, Abdul Samed, Francis Andohbaidoo 
  Abstract: Electronic procurement is critical in the reduction of procurement irregularities and inefficiencies in organisations and institutions in order to enhance value for money in the procurement process. This research is to examine the relationships between procurement process, e-procurement deployment, and procurement performance using the institutional theory as a lens. The projected model was empirically verified using primary data collected from 309 Ghanaian public organisations obligated to use the Public Procurement Act in their procurement activities. Analysis of statistics was performed using the partial least square based structural equation modelling method. The study outcomes validate that both procurement process and e-procurement deployment have a positive significant relationship with procurement performance. Further, whilst procurement process has a positive effect on e-procurement deployment, e-procurement deployment has a complementary partial mediation role between procurement process and procurement performance. For theoretical contribution, this research extends the institutional theory into the procurement literature. For practice, the findings provide insight for government practitioners and regulatory bodies to institute policies and protocols that encourage e-procurement deployments to enhance the activities of the procurement systems.
  Keywords: procurement; e-procurement; procurement process; procurement performance; institutional theory; emerging economy; mediation.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJPM.2024.10068134
   
  
• Optimising Inventory Model for Nonlinear Holding Cost and Nonlinear Price Dependent Split Demand with Advertising Frequency  
  by Vanjikkodi Thirumalaisamy 
  Abstract: This paper proposes an inventory model explicitly designed for perishable goods, integrating nonlinear time-dependent holding costs and diverse demand factors such as nonlinear selling prices, stock levels, and advertisement frequency. A partial backlogging approach for orders is incorporated to address shortages resulting from product deterioration. The model is meticulously formulated using partial differential equations and subsequently solved to derive the total profit function. Its primary aim is to optimize the retailer's total profit per unit of time by determining the optimal ordering quantity, optimal cycle time and the optimal selling price. Through graphical representations and numerical sensitivity analyses conducted using MATLAB, the paper demonstrates potential concavity within the model and emphasizes the importance of parameter analysis.
  Keywords: EOQ; nonlinear price and stock dependent demand; advertisement; non-linear holding cost; partially backlogging.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJPM.2024.10068136
   
  
• Study on Factors Affecting E-Procurement Adoption and its Impact on the Procurement Performance of the Telecommunication Industry in Sri Lanka  
  by Chrishley Fernando, D.M.R. Dissanayake 
  Abstract: Many factors can influence the successful adoption of e-procurement systems in the telecommunication industry and these factors will influence procurement performance and this study aims to analyse the relationship between these two variables. Constructs and indicators for the independent variable (factors influencing adoption) were derived using the TOE framework and DOI theoretical models along with empirical evidence. Constructs and indicators for the dependent variable (procurement performance) were derived using empirical evidence. A deductive research approach has been used and conducted as a quantitative study. The study found thirteen critical success factors that influence the adoption of e-procurement which impact the adoption of e-procurement platforms with varying significance. Hypothesis testing was conducted to identify the significance of the relationship among the adoption factors and procurement performance in telecommunication industry concerning cost-saving potential, efficiency improvement, and managerial effectiveness in decision-making.
  Keywords: procurement; e-procurement adoption; procurement performance; telecommunication industry; TOE framework; DOI framework; Sri Lanka.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJPM.2024.10068230
   
  
• Optimising Inventory Management with Preservation and Digital Labelling Technologies Under Green Technology and Advertisement-Sensitive Demand: a Deterministic Approach to Carbon Emission Policies  
  by Manoj Kumar Sharma, Manisha Prajapati 
  Abstract: In this paper, we developed an inventory model for non- instantaneous deteriorating items with a green technology and advertisement dependent demand. In this model we have consider two types of investment first, preservation technology investment to reduce the deterioration rate of food items and second, green technology investment to reduce the carbon emission which helps to contribute to sustainable development goals 2 and 13. In this study we considered the two policies for regulation of carbon emission i.e., carbon taxation policy and cap-and-trade policy. The shortages and partial backlogging are also allowed in this inventory model. Additionally, we incorporated digital labelling technologies, such as barcode technology, which reduce human error and improve data accuracy, resulting in lower holding costs. These investments enhance both energy and cost efficiency. Finally, we developed numerical examples and theoretical results to validate the model.
  Keywords: inventory; digital Labeling Technologies; preservation technology; green technology demand.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJPM.2024.10068312
   
  
• Optimising Supplier Selection for Complex Defence Projects  
  by Elias Saadeh, Nabil Semaan, Moustapha El Hassan, Jihad Daba 
  Abstract: In the context of complex procurement processes, particularly in high-value industries such as military vessels acquisitions, relying on solid decision-making strategies is critical to selecting the most suitable suppliers. Addressing the problems of linguistic variables and uncertainty requires improved multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) approaches. This paper provides a comparative analysis of the Fuzzy Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (FTOPSIS) and Fuzzy Indifference Target-based Attribute Ratio Analysis (FITARA) for group decision-making. Applying the Fuzzy Analytical Hierarchy Process (FAHP) for criteria weight aggregation, the study uncovers essential insights into the appropriate method for each military maritime vessel procurement scenario. Thus, it showcases significant differences in ranking outcomes, with FITARA displaying higher adaptability and the modified FTOPSIS maintaining stability under different settings and optimizing defence acquisitions.
  Keywords: Fuzzy TOPSIS; Fuzzy AHP; Fuzzy ITARA; Group Decision-Making; Supplier Selection; Linguistic Variables; Supply Chain Optimization; Comparative Analysis.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJPM.2024.10068352
   
  
• Management of Military Procurement  
  by Elias Saadeh, Moustapha El Hassan, Nabil Semaan, Jihad Daba 
  Abstract: Procurement management (PM) in the military requires rigorous planning, implementation, and monitoring. The procurement of products and services for military activities is subject to severe standards, including the federal acquisition regulation (FAR) in the USA and defence acquisition laws that assure security and safety. Given the strategic and complicated nature of decision-making in this industry, developing an adaptive project management technique is critical for ensuring optimal value, quality, and supplier support. This article conducts an in-depth investigation of supplier selection methods for public procurement in several nations, with an emphasis on high-value assets in the military and marine sectors. It emphasises the significance of reconciling operational objectives with regulatory limitations and provides a new multi-criteria decision making (MCDM) approach for assessing vendors. The methodology is demonstrated through a case study on vessel supplier selection, which includes engagement with several shipyards and stakeholders. The results show that this technique is effective at limiting risks, improving quality, and maintaining supplier support while providing an explicit and practical process for generating consistent and satisfying results.
  Keywords: fuzzy sets; group decisions and negotiations; procurement management; PM; supplier selection; SS; MCDM; military high-value assets.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJPM.2024.10068353
   
  
• A Sustainable Fuzzy Economic Order Quantity Inventory Model with Linear Demand and Exponential Unit Profit Function in Circular Economy  
  by Anita Kumari Sahu, V. Ganesh, S.K. Inrajitsingha 
  Abstract: Circular economy is the one of the most targeted development in which remanufacturing, recycle and reuse the materials that creates job with minimised resource used. Application of circular economy is increasing day by day for economic growth and healthy business. Government encourages the use of circular economy instead of linear economy by providing subsidies through regulations and taxes. In this paper a fuzzy economic order quantity model in circular economy is presented. Since some parameters are uncertain in nature, they are considered as triangular fuzzy number. Defuzzification is done by using graded mean integration representation method (GMIR). In this paper, ordering quantity and circularity index level are decision variables. The concavity of the average profit function is shown theoretically. The optimality of the parameters is determined analytically. It is further endorsed by numerical example with an intension to validate the proposed model. The CE gives a remarkable gain in profit, which is the focus of any industry that is concerned about environmental conservation. The financial advantage of the company is given due weight age in this model. For this, sensitivity analysis is independently carried out by deploying circular economy in inventory modelling.
  Keywords: Circular Economy; Triangular fuzzy number; GMIR method.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJPM.2024.10068378
   
  
• e-Procurement Management fraud: in the Context of Malaysian Public Sector  
  by Malar Gunasegaran, Rohaida Basiruddin, Adriana Mohd Rizal 
  Abstract: This study aims to identify the types of e-procurement fraud and the factors driving such fraudulent activities in the Malaysian public sector. Using a qualitative approach, data were gathered from interviews with 16 e-procurement officers across three organisations. These organisations were chosen based on various sources, including Auditor General’s reports, complaints to the MACC, data from the MYPROCUREMENT website, and the Code Blue report. The study identified five types of e-procurement fraud, namely, misuse of power, information breaches, fraudulent documents, fraudulent claims, and bribery. The study further revealed that social, economic, and political factors can trigger fraudulent activities. These findings offer valuable insights for combating e-procurement fraud and contribute to the existing body of knowledge on fraud in the public sector.
  Keywords: public procurement; e-procurement management; fraud; public sector; auditor general; Malaysia.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJPM.2024.10068602
   
  
• Keynesian Beauty Contest in Morocco's Public Procurement Reform  
  by Nizare RIANE 
  Abstract: This paper examines the recent reform of Morocco's public procurement market through the lens of Keynesian beauty contest theory. The reform introduces a mechanism akin to a guessing-the-average game, where bidders attempt to estimate a reference price, which in turn impacts bidding strategies. We utilize this setup to empirically test key hypotheses within auction theory, specifically the roles of common knowledge and bounded rationality. Our findings indicate potential manipulation risks under the current rules, suggesting that a shift to a median criterion could improve robustness and reduce the likelihood of manipulation. This work contributes to the broader understanding of strategic interactions in procurement and offers a foundation for future research on improving fairness and efficiency in public contract allocation.
  Keywords: Auction ; Keynesian beauty contest ; guessing the average ; game theory ; limited rationality.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJPM.2024.10068764
   
  
• Sustainable Future of the Automobile Industry: Enhancing Supply Chain Resilience  
  by Aditya Gautam, Asif Akhtar, Mrinalini Shah, Usha Gautam 
  Abstract: The automobile industry is undergoing a significant shift toward sustainability, driven by environmental concerns, evolving customer preferences, and strict regulations. Automakers are focused on reducing their carbon footprint throughout their supply chains. Thus, research on supply chain resilience (SCRES) has gained attention in today's complex business environment, highlighting its importance for competitiveness and alignment with global economies. This manuscript presents a systematic literature review (SLR) of journal articles published from 2010 to June 2024, focused on resilience in automobile supply chains. The study identifies three risk stages, 12 core SCRES capabilities, and six capabilities of NextGen digital supply chain technologies (NextGen-DSCTs). Involving 25 industry practitioners, we propose a clear and comprehensive SCRES framework that offers guidelines for effectively managing supply chain risks and uncertainties, ensuring a sustainable future for the automotive sector.
  Keywords: Automobile industry; sustainability; Supply chain resilience (SCRES); supply chain risk (SCR); supply chain management (SCM).
  DOI: 10.1504/IJPM.2024.10068819
   
  
• Reforming Public Procurement System: the Case of the United Arab Emirates  
  by Karem Sayed Mohamed Elsayed Aboelazm  
  Abstract: This paper examines several key concepts in public procurement: centralised public procurement, decentralised public procurement e-public procurement, and sustainable public procurement. The paper discusses the advantages and disadvantages of centralised and decentralised public procurement, as well as the benefits of e-procurement in the UAE at both the central and decentralised levels, including its advantages in combating corruption. The study also presents the sustainable public procurement framework in the UAE, which encompasses three dimensions: environmental, social, and economic. The study employed a descriptive approach to analyse the concepts of centralisation, decentralisation, electronic, and sustainable public procurement. An analytical method was used to identify the advantages and disadvantages of the central and decentralised systems in the UAE, as well as the benefits of electronic and sustainable public procurement.
  Keywords: public procurement; sustainable public procurement; e-public procurement; centralization; decentralization.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJPM.2024.10068821
   
  
• Digital Transformation: Enhancing Workforce Skills, Driving Innovation, Fostering Sustainability and Optimising Procurement in Fintech-Enabled Banking  
  by Rebekah E, Mohd Afjal 
  Abstract: The rapid growth of Fintech is changing the global banking industry. This study examines the relationship among fintech adoption, upskilling of human resources, innovation in financial services, procurement practices, and sustainability. Data were collected through a survey of 290 banking professionals across India and analysed using the Partial least square structural modelling (PLS-SEM). The findings highlight innovation capacity, adaptability to technological changes, effective decision-making, and proficiency in skills positively impact fintech adoption. The results further reveal that fintech adoption significantly contributes to performance, with human resource competencies playing a pivotal role in facilitating this process. . This study also identifies advanced service innovation, enhanced business performance, and sustainable practices as key outcomes of effective fintech integration. These findings emphasise that a bank's ability to adopt fintech successfully and maintain a competitive edge relies on its commitment to training and upskilling its workforce while integrating sustainability into its operational strategies.
  Keywords: Fintech; Banking Professionals; Skills; Sustainability; Service Innovation; Firm Performance.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJPM.2024.10068891
   
  
• Untapped Potential in Albania's e-Procurement: Exploring the Consequences of Competition on Savings  
  by Edlira Martiri, Etion Kapedani, Teuta Xhindi 
  Abstract: This study focuses in Albania's e-procurement data from 2010 to 2023 which amounts to 5.33 Billion Euros awarded through 35,489 different contracts. To evaluate the effect that competition in public procurement has on savings the gathered data underwent segregation based on the number of offers received per tender. The metrics utilised are the amount of funds contracted; the number of tenders and finally relative savings. This research concludes that the largest amount of funds in Albania's public procurement has been awarded via procedures that attracted only one single bid, with low incurred savings. Simple linear regression is used to measure the effect that competition has on savings of public money, yielding a robust R-Square of 0.9587. This data model demonstrates an increase of 6.24% on savings when the number of bids is increased by one, concluding that Albania needs to embark on enhancing competition in public procurement.
  Keywords: Public Procurement; Savings per Offer; Competition; Bids; Linear Regression; Albania; Western Balkans; Transparency; Integrity; Sustainable growth; Economic development; Policy impact; Accountability.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJPM.2024.10068893
   
  
• The Consumer-Adoption Framework for Unmanned Retail: a Case Study of Automated Vending Machines  
  by Kuei Chien Chiu, Yan-bu Lin, Alok Kumar Sharma 
  Abstract: This study investigates consumer behaviour in unmanned retail systems, focusing on automated vending machines. To address gaps in understanding technology adoption in these settings, the Consumer-Adoption Framework for Unmanned Retail (CAFRUR) is proposed, integrating dimensions like Automated Interaction Efficiency and Digital Trust in Retail with constructs from TAM and UTAUT. Data from 300 respondents were analysed to examine perceived value, expected effort, social influence, expected performance, and customer satisfaction. Regression analysis shows expected performance as the strongest predictor of satisfaction, followed by perceived value, social influence, and expected effort. The findings emphasize optimizing system efficiency, user experience, and interface design to enhance adoption. This research bridges theoretical insights with practical applications, offering strategies for leveraging analytics, improving engagement, and addressing consumer preferences to innovate unmanned retail technologies.
  Keywords: Unmanned Stores; Automated Vending Machines; Purchasing Demand; Customer Satisfaction.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJPM.2024.10068918
   
  
• Optimal Resource Allocation in Military Hospitals Using Inverse Erlang-B Models  
  by Jihad Daba, Moustapha El Hassan, Elias Saadeh 
  Abstract: Effective resource allocation is vital for procurement management, optimising assets use to meet fluctuating demands while minimising operational bottlenecks. This paper advances resource allocation strategies by employing inverse Erlang-B models, specifically applied to military hospitals. Incomplete gamma and Marcum-Q functions are used in novel computational formulations to improve accuracy across various traffic intensities. In contrast, inverse functions offer tight constraints for calculating server requirements under high load. Assuming a 5% rejection rate and an average patient stay of 1.5 days, a case study models daily military hospital ward admissions as an autoregressive process (AR(1)), projecting an average demand of 86 hospital beds, with a minimum of 79 and a maximum of 91 beds per day. The findings demonstrate the effectiveness of inverse Erlang-B models in capacity planning, providing scalable solutions for optimising resource utilisation in healthcare and industrial sectors (Gil et al., 2013; Marinkovic and Stosic, 2023a).
  Keywords: Erlang-B Model; Inverse Queueing Theory; Resource Allocation Optimization; Stochastic Modeling; Hospital Bed Capacity Planning; Mathematical Optimization in Healthcare Acquisitions.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJPM.2024.10068919
   
  
• Optimal Inventory Model for Non-Instantaneous Deteriorating Items: A Strategy Blend of Learning Effects, Advance Sales, Freshness-Driven Demand, Online Payments, and Discounts Policies  
  by Kajal Sharma, Mamta Keswani, Lalji Kumar, Uttam Khedlekar 
  Abstract: In todays fast-paced e-commerce landscape, managing perishable products requires innovative strategies to enhance profitability. Retailers often use discount policies to boost sales, but their success depends on strategic implementation. This study examines the impact of learning on the optimal replenishment inventory policy for non-instantaneous deteriorating items, focusing on pre-order discounts and online payments. A novel EOQ model is proposed to maximise total profit by balancing pricing strategies, advertising frequency, and the effects of online payments on demand. Advanced inventory systems, when paired with strategic advertising and favourable banking conditions, are shown to significantly enhance profitability. The research highlights the importance of incorporating learning effects into cost parameters, amplifying profit. Numerical examples and sensitivity analyses validate the model, providing actionable insights. Figure 1 presents a graphical abstract of the study, illustrating its framework and findings.
  Keywords: Inventory; Learning rate; Discount policy; Advance sales; Online payments; Price-Advertisement-Freshness dependent demand.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJPM.2024.10069017
   
  
• Procurement and Sustainability: Investigating the Influence of Digital Financial Literacy and Technological Optimism on Green Banking Adoption  
  by Sangeetha N, Mohd Afjal Mohammed, Rebekah E 
  Abstract: This study examines the complex connection between digital financial literacy, technological optimism, and the ambition to embrace green banking technology (GB technology) to promote financial sector environmental sustainability This study examines how digital financial literacy affects customers' desire to use green banking technologies and how technological optimism mediates this effect The quantitative study uses a structured questionnaire to collect data from 230 banking customers to determine green banking technology adoption The research evaluates hypotheses and confirms measurement models using structural equation modelling Digital financial literacy positively affects the intention to embrace GB technology, with technological optimism mediating this relationship Thus, digital financial literacy increases green banking intentions directly and indirectly through technology optimism Incorporating environmental sustainability into the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) and Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB) theoretically advances the field Practically, it emphasizes the need for focused training activities to improve digital financial literacy and promote a positive attitude towards technology, thereby promoting sustainable banking practices. The research underscores that digital financial literacy and technological optimism are crucial drivers of sustainable banking technologies.
  Keywords: Digital financial literacy; Technology optimism; Green banking; Sustainable Banking Practices; Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB); Technology Acceptance Model (TAM).
  DOI: 10.1504/IJPM.2024.10069025
   
  
• Investigating the Impact of Trade Credit Policies considering Deterioration, Quadratic Time-Stock Dependent Demand and Shortages with Partial-Logging  
  by Monika Naik, Shivkumar Sharma 
  Abstract: This study examines a warehouse model for deteriorating items with both owned and rented warehouses. It looks at how demand changes over time, stock levels, and allows for payment delays, enabling partial inventory fulfilment when there are shortages in the owned warehouse (OW). The model connects order delays to restocking times and analyses different scenarios based on payment delay options. The goal is to minimize inventory costs by determining the best restocking cycles, order sizes, and depletion points at the OW. The study includes algorithms to calculate these optimal values, helping decide whether renting a warehouse and using payment delays are worthwhile. With numerical illustration, it shows how this approach can optimise supply chain management by offering valuable managerial insights.
  Keywords: Time-stock dependent demand; non-instantaneous deterioration; trade credit period; dual warehouses; partial backlogging.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJPM.2025.10069519
   
  
• Blockchain-Based Smart Contracts for Secure Record Management in the Pharmaceutical Industry  
  by Asfia Aziz, Sunil Sunam, Shahab Saquib Sohail, Dag Øivind Madsen 
  Abstract: Blockchain offers a secure platform for data exchange across sectors like banking, supply chain, IoT, and healthcare. In medical services, challenges arise from inefficient referral processes, data sharing between facilities, and limited patient access to records. Issues like data abuse and security concerns in Electronic Health Records (EHRs) exacerbate these problems. This paper explores Blockchain-Based Smart Contracts for managing pharmaceutical records, leveraging the Practical Byzantine Fault Tolerance (PBFT) consensus method. The findings show healthcare practitioners can securely input patient data into the blockchain, while patients can contribute social data such as sleep patterns and activities. This enriched dataset supports improved diagnosis and prognosis. The study also evaluates execution time and data transmission for ledger updates as the network expands with more hospitals and blocks, demonstrating the scalability of blockchain-based healthcare solutions.
  Keywords: Blockchain; Healthcare; Pharmaceutical industry; Security; Smart Contracts.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJPM.2025.10069821
   
  
• The Subcontract Act in Japan: Risk Trends and Compliance Responses of Japanese Companies  
  by Akira Endo, Yasufumi Ishigaki 
  Abstract: Companies must comply with supply chain-related legislation as part of their procurement risk management. This study aims to clarify the risk trends and compliance practices of the Subcontract Act in Japan. It analysed 101 cases of violation of the Subcontract Act using a topic model and investigated compliance efforts among 322 Japanese firms across 33 industries. The results identified specific actions leading to violations and key issues in Japan. The findings also suggested that strategic combinations of compliance measures are necessary, balancing cost and resource constraints to enhance organizational compliance. This study provides valuable insights for managers to improve corporate governance on the supply chain.
  Keywords: The Subcontract Act in Japan; procurement risk management; procurement risks; Japanese companies; compliance practices on the supply chain; supply chain; compliance risks; supply chain risk.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJPM.2024.10069548
   
  
• Optimising Resource Allocation Through the Blocked Agent Retried Model in Military Manufacturing  
  by Jihad Daba, Moustapha El Hassan, Elias Saadeh 
  Abstract: Modern procurement management relies heavily on efficient resource allocation, which is crucial to maximising military, healthcare, and industrial performance. The practical utility of traditional queueing models is limited because they frequently overlook the dynamic retrial behaviours of blocked agents. To overcome these constraints, this paper presents the Extended Erlang-B (EEB) model, which incorporates a retrial dispatching mechanism. A new iterative approach was implemented to validate the EEB, and after 22 rounds, it converged to a steady-state traffic intensity of 15.8 Erlangs. Retrial techniques have been demonstrated to boost the utilisation of resources by 60% in practical situations. Dimensioning tables provide actionable insights for designing scalable systems for different retrial probabilities. The EEB model is pivotal for modern industrial and military applications, offering superior flexibility, accuracy, and robustness in resource allocation. Compared to traditional models, it effectively addresses dynamic operational demands across diverse domains, enhancing system performance and adaptability.
  Keywords: Extended Erlang-B Model; Queueing Theory; Resource Allocation Optimization; Stochastic Modeling; Production Machines Capacity Planning; Mathematical Optimization in Military Manufacturing.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJPM.2025.10069599
   
  
• Is Business Becoming Easier? A Comprehensive Literature Mapping on Ease of Doing Business  
  by Nayana Prabhash, Suresh Kumar S, Priya K.M 
  Abstract: The concept of “Ease of Doing Business” has gained global attention since the launch of the World Bank’s Doing Business project. This study aims to highlight the growing importance of the Ease of Doing Business concept by conducting a comprehensive bibliometric analysis. Through keyword research and bibliometric analysis, the study examines the scale, patterns, and emerging trends in research activity related to this concept. The study conducted a comprehensive screening process, starting with 1,734 records from Scopus and Web of Science databases, along with 14 additional records. After multiple stages of exclusion based on language, methodology, and relevance, 1,316 studies were included in the final review for analysis. The analysis uncovers the scope of research efforts, the influence of key publications, and the degree of international collaboration. Additionally, it identifies key thematic areas such as supply chain management, sustainability, corporate strategy alignment, and the integration of technology in procurement systems.
  Keywords: Bibliometrics; Global Procurement; Supply chain management; Ease of doing business (EoDB); Thematic Map; Business regulatory environment; Coauthorship analysis; Citation analysis.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJPM.2025.10069620
   
  
• Appraising E-Procurement Practices of Contractors on Construction Projects in Lagos Metropolis  
  by Dele Simeon, Joy C. Nwakaego 
  Abstract: This study investigates e-procurement practices of contracting firms in Lagos Metropolis with a view to enhancing transparency and efficiency. The study adopts a cross-sectional research design and data was collected from 126 contracting firms that utilise e-procurement systems using the stratified random sampling technique. Descriptive statistical tools were deployed for data analyses. The study uncovered 47 e-procurement practices of contracting firms, the topmost being e-banking platforms in material supply payment processes. The study concludes that contractors moderately deploy 43 out of the 47 investigated e-procurement practices. This implies some level of digital technology integration that will boost cost-effectiveness, efficiency, and transparency while raising industry standards for overall performance. The study recommends that contractors invest in user-friendly e-procurement technologies, secure managerial support, and improve training to increase the usage of e-procurement technologies. This may be accomplished by facilitating managerial support to encourage adoption, expediting e-procurement processes, and offering specialised training.
  Keywords: Construction; contracting organisations; contractors’ e-procurement practices; implementation challenges; Lagos Metropolis.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJPM.2025.10069740
   
  
• Fuzzy Production Inventory Model for Deteriorating Items Defuzzified by Signed Distance Method  
  by S.K. Indrajitsingha, S.K. Sahu, P.K. Jena, Padmanava Samanta 
  Abstract: The research analyses a production inventory model of deteriorating items with shortages under partial backlogging in a crisp and fuzzy environment. Uncertainties play a vital role in developing a real-life inventory model. Since the system parameters such as demand, deterioration, holding cost, etc. are uncertain, so they are considered triangular fuzzy numbers. The model is developed both in a crisp and fuzzy approach. The signed distance method is used for defuzzification. The concavity test of the total profit function is shown graphically using the Mathematica 11.1 software. The objective of this model is to maximise the profit. A comparison of results in both cases is carried out to decide which method gives a more accurate outcome. The numerical example, managerial implications and sensitivity analysis are presented for the proposed model.
  Keywords: Deterioration; Time and selling price dependent demand; Signed Distance Method; Partial backlogging.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJPM.2025.10069744
   
  
• Energy Consumption Optimisation through Machine Learning: a Strategic Approach to Sustainable Procurement in Smart Grids and Buildings: a Bibliometric Analysis  
  by Saravanan Thirunavukkarasu, Kavitha K, Sandeep T. T, Shalini Reddy P, Madhavi R, Dillipriya L 
  Abstract: This paper addresses whether machine learning, optimizing energy intake in smart grids and smart buildings, improves efficiency, stability, and sustainability of energy use. A bibliometric analysis was performed to identify the principal contributors, thematic patterns, and research gaps within the domain. Techniques of artificial neural networks and reinforcement learning support real-time decisions by integrating renewable sources in maintaining a stable energy supply. Our results underscore the disruptive potential of ML in reducing wasted energy, shifting the shape of demand, and achieving more effective, cost-effective, resilient grids for energy. It unravels the immense promise that ML holds in transforming energy-efficient solutions worldwide.
  Keywords: Energy Optimization; Machine Learning; Smart Grids; Smart Buildings; Energy Efficiency; Sustainability; Renewable Energy Integration; Demand Response; Artificial Intelligence.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJPM.2025.10069830
   
  
• Decoding the Impact of Customer Satisfaction on the Relationship between Perceived Benefits and Online Purchase Intention of Smartphones  
  by Mohammed Faiz-ul-faham Neikar, Suraj Kushe Shekhar 
  Abstract: The study examined how consumer satisfaction, perceived benefits, and intention to buy mobile phones relate to web purchasing. The study also examines how customer satisfaction mediates perceived benefits and online purchase intentions. The study found that perceived benefits and customer satisfaction positively and significantly affect mobile phone online purchasing intention. Customer satisfaction affects purchase intention more than perceived benefits. Additionally, young e-commerce consumer satisfaction partially mediates the relationship between positive behavioral views and online shopping. These findings are crucial for marketers and firms because they show that investing in perceived benefits and customer happiness can boost online purchase intentions. In e-commerce, tailored marketing that prioritizes consumer experience is crucial.
  Keywords: Customer satisfaction; Online shopping; Online purchase intention; Perceived benefits; Smartphones.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJPM.2025.10069894
   
  
• An Integrated Inventory Model for Time-Varying Demand: Balancing Trade Credit, Pricing, and Sustainability Under Carbon Tax Policies  
  by Manoj Kumar Sharma, Sakshi Pant, Paras Jhaldiyal, Neha Rani 
  Abstract: This study proposes an integrated inventory model for perishable items with time-varying demand, where demand depends on dynamic pricing and trade credit incentives. The framework addresses delayed deterioration - spoilage initiating after a predefined latency period, typical in products like seasonal produce or pharmaceuticals. To reconcile profitability and sustainability, the model integrates preservation technology investments to curb post-latency decay and carbon tax mechanisms penalising waste-driven emissions. It balances the trade-off between extended credit terms (boosting demand but increasing opportunity costs) and preservation costs (reducing waste but raising expenses). A profit-maximising function is formulated, validated numerically, and analysed for parameter sensitivity. Results demonstrate that synchronising pricing, credit periods, and preservation investments optimises profitability while ensuring regulatory compliance. The study provides actionable insights for designing inventory systems that harmonise financial efficiency with environmental stewardship under carbon taxation.
  Keywords: Credit period link demand; preservation technology; deterioration; credit period; optimization; carbon tax regulation.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJPM.2025.10069986
   
  
• Deconstructing the 'Digital Arrest' Phenomenon in India: an Interpretive Structural Modelling (ISM) & MICMAC Approach to Unravel Drivers and Systemic Vulnerabilities  
  by ShivamKrishn Agrawal, Pooja Gupta, Vijay Kumar Jain 
  Abstract: Indias rapid digital transformation has triggered a surge in digital arrest scams, with victims losing 120.30 crore in early 2024 (PMF IAS, 2025). This study employs interpretive structural modelling (ISM) and MICMAC analysis to identify 14 systemic drivers including organised crime networks, weak legal frameworks, rapid digitalisation, and psychological manipulation through expert consultations with cybersecurity and media professionals. The ISM model reveals hierarchical interdependencies: foundational enablers (e.g., jurisdictional challenges, anonymity tools) facilitate mid-tier vulnerabilities like low digital literacy and manipulative tactics, culminating in fear-driven victimisation and social stigma. MICMAC analysis classifies variables into independent drivers (systemic corruption, inadequate enforcement) and dependent outcomes, highlighting multi-level intervention needs. Policy imperatives include modernising cyber laws, expanding digital literacy campaigns, fostering cross-border law enforcement collaboration, and strengthening public-private partnerships to dismantle transnational cybercrime networks. By addressing systemic vulnerabilities and societal resilience gaps, this research provides a structural roadmap for safeguarding India s evolving digital ecosystem.
  Keywords: Digital Arrest Scams; Interpretive Structural Modelling (ISM); Cybercrime in India Psychological Manipulation; Systemic Vulnerabilities.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJPM.2025.10069990
   
  
• Enhancing Complex Procurement Negotiation with a Hybrid MADM Approach  
  by Hugo B. Santos, Pedro B. Água, Armindo Frias 
  Abstract: Armed conflicts increasingly rely on external resources due to limited domestic production capacity. The ongoing war in Ukraine underscores the urgency of acquiring defence equipment and resources efficiently. The study aims to contribute to complex acquisition negotiations, especially in countries pursuing industrialisation and economic development. To do so, we propose a negotiation support system, special adapted to procurement processes, based on a Multiple Attribute Decision-Making (MADM) hybrid method. Using a simulated acquisition of a Logistics Multipurpose Vessel, the model evaluates potential packages to determine the most beneficial option for the acquirer. Overall, the proposed model facilitates well-founded decision-making.
  Keywords: AHP-TOPSIS2N; decision-making; defence systems; economic development; Multiple Attribute Decision-Making (MADM); negotiation process; procurement management; systems acquisition; technology transfer.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJPM.2025.10070005
   
  
• Impact of Environmental, Social and Governance Performance (ESGP) on Financial Performance of Indian Firms: the Moderating Role of Audit Committee Independence  
  by Anisha Mishra, Waleed M. Alahdal, Najib H. S. Farhan, Shayuti Mohamed Adnan 
  Abstract: This study explored the effect of environmental, social and governance (ESG) performance on the financial performance of Indian firms, with audit committee independence serving as a moderating variable. Utilizing quantitative methods and secondary data, the study analysed 91 Indian firms from 2018 to 2022. The research drew upon legitimacy, and agency theories, employing random and fixed effect panel data modelling for analysis. The findings indicate that ESG performance and its components have no impact on FP (measured by ROA), while ESG performance and individual performance of Environmental and Governance has a negative and significant impact on the financial performance (measured by Tobin’s Q), whereas the social performance has no impact on TQ. Moreover, the independent audit committee does not moderate the relationship between ESGP and its components and firm performance. Overall, this study is novel within the Indian context. It enhances the understanding that ESG performance has a negative or negligible impact on financial performance. This relationship is so strong that even an independent audit committee cannot moderate it.
  Keywords: ESG Performance; Financial Performance; Audit Committee Independence; Legitimacy Theory; Agency theory.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJPM.2025.10070085
   
  
• Improvement of Internal Customer Service: Strategies for Supply Management  
  by Rosemary Dias Da Silva, Adilson Aderito Da Silva, Alberto De Medeiros Júnior 
  Abstract: The economic context of Industry 4.0 demands organizational strategies in the face of uncertainties and market fluctuations. In this scenario, supply management is essential to ensure companies remain competitive. This article presents the steps followed in elaborating a proposal to optimize the acquisition processes of inputs/services to improve the quality level in Supply Management of a Brazilian institution of Education and Health. To this end, we used the business problem-solving methodology with the support of the Transaction Cost Economics theory. The solution allowed structuring of the service to the requesting areas from the beginning of the demand, reducing the asymmetry of information and feasibility of the acquisition of an e-procurement tool, whose first simulations pointed to gains in the order of four million reais (R$) compared to the process carried out manually and an approximate saving of R$ 875 thousand in five years.
  Keywords: Industry 4.0; supply management; design science research; transformation; e-procurement; information asymmetry; transaction costs.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJPM.2024.10070111
   
  
• Human Resource Accounting Perspectives: a Comprehensive Bibliometric Analysis (2000-2024)  
  by Muhammad Humeedat  
  Abstract: This study analyses the global landscape of human resource accounting (HRA) research from 2001 to 2024, examining 561 documents, with 235 remaining after exclusions. Using bibliometric tools such as VOSviewer and R Software, the study identifies trends, authorship, and international collaborations. The primary aim is to map the evolution of HRA research, identify influential authors, journals, and institutions, and explore emerging themes like HR analytics and workforce planning. The results reveal a 10.2% annual growth in HRA research, with a notable peak in 2022. Leading contributors include the USA, Netherlands, and China, and 26.38% of studies involve international collaboration, indicating the interdisciplinary nature of the field. Key emerging trends include a shift towards HR analytics, big data, and performance management, reflecting the increasing integration of technology in HRA. The findings suggest that HRA is becoming more integral to organisational strategies, with an emphasis on data-driven methodologies and analytics. The study provides valuable insights into future research directions, highlighting the growing importance of technology in shaping the future of human resource management and the need for further exploration of analytics in HRA practices.
  Keywords: Human resource accounting; HR analytics; bibliometric analysis; R Software; VOSviewer; affiliations analysis; journals analysis; citation analysis; keywords analysis; HR perspectives.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJPM.2025.10070165
   
  
• The Intersection of Fashion and Sustainability: Exploring Consumer Motivations and Behaviour in Fashion Rental Markets for Sustainable Future  
  by Vijay Kumar Jain, Shrish Singh, Dr. Ravi Ranjan, Aditi Dahiya 
  Abstract: The growing concern over environmental sustainability has led to the emergence of innovative consumption models, such as fashion rental services, which promote reuse and reduce waste in the fashion industry. These models encourage reuse and cut down on waste in the fashion sector. With an emphasis on increasing sustainability, this study intends to investigate the important factors of rental consumption behaviour. By integrating fuzzy logic with the DEMATEL approach, this study captures the complexity and ambiguity inherent in consumer attitudes towards fashion rentals. The study determines and examines the connections between important elements impacting customer choices. The results demonstrate that social influence, flexibility and convenience, sustainability, luxury newcomers and cost consciousness are the main reasons for increasing trend of rental fashion. The findings underscore the importance of addressing these factors to enhance consumer participation in sustainable fashion practices. This study contributes to the literature on sustainable fashion by providing a robust analytical framework that guides stakeholders in developing strategies to foster greater acceptance of fashion rental markets. Fashion marketers gain from rental consumption since it gives them access to new consumer categories, particularly those looking for reasonably priced luxury or premium brands.
  Keywords: Sustainability; Luxury Newcomers; Minimalism; Circular economy; Subscription Model; Fashion Democratization.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJPM.2025.10070166
   
  
• Innovation in Smart Manufacturers in the Agriculture Supply Chain: the Impacts of Social Capital  
  by Nguyen Quoc Toan, Minh-Thu T. Nguyen, Thi Thanh Huong Do 
  Abstract: With smart manufacturing, companies in the agricultural sector can develop production systems according to market needs and have appropriate processes for business activities. Research on innovation smart manufacturing has widely attracted academics, firms and governments. Although there have been a number of studies on innovation in different industries, research on innovation of smart manufacturing in the agricultural supply chain is still limited. Therefore, the contributions of innovation in smart production in the agricultural supply chain need to be systematically analysed. This study employed a bibliographic analysis with data collected from related papers published in Web of Science databases and a quantitative analysis using data collected from 216 respondents in Vietnam. Research results show that social cognitive capital and social relationship capital have a significant impact on innovation in smart manufacturing, and these two factors also have an indirect influence on the performance of smart manufacturing companies. Through innovation in smart manufacturing, firms will achieve sustainable development. This research provides the insights that support smart manufacturing enterprises in the agricultural sector. This research also contains information that governments can use to develop programs and agendas to promote the development of smart factories.
  Keywords: Smart factory; Product innovation; Process innovation; Agricultural supply chain; Social recognition capital; Social relationship capital.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJPM.2024.10070278
   
  
• Supply Chain Resilience and Digital Technologies: a Systematic Literature Review Based on the PRISMA Method  
  by Houneida Haddar, Fatma Bouaziz 
  Abstract: This study aims to define supply chain resilience and identify its key determinants. It is based on a systematic literature review following the PRISMA method and an in-depth analysis of 141 articles. The findings reveal, first, that supply chain resilience can be conceptualised as a set of dynamic capabilities anticipation, adaptability, response, recovery, and learning mobilised before, during, and after disruptive events. Second, they highlight several determinants of supply chain resilience, among which digital technologies emerge as a key factor. Examining the relationship between digital technologies and supply chain resilience, based on the proposed definition, provides a foundation for future research in this evolving and still nascent field.
  Keywords: Supply Chain Resilience; Systematic Literature Review; PRISMA; Supply chain capabilities; Determinant Factors; Digital Technologies.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJPM.2025.10070285
   
  
• Exploring the Evolution of Social Media Marketing Research (2009-2024): a Bibliographic Investigation  
  by Preeti Ahlawat, Dr. Hawa Singh, Jagdeep Singla, Akhil Sharma, Kuldeep Chaudhary, Ritika Juneja 
  Abstract: This research analyzes the literature on social media marketing, analyzing 884 documents from 2009 to 2024. A bibliometric technique is applied to explore the conceptual framework of social media marketing research. The search guidelines were based on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA). RStudio and VOSviewer were used to display the analysis outcomes by creating scientific research maps. The study shows a declining trend in social media marketing publications. The research revealed that the top three keywords are "social media," "Social media marketing," and "marketing." "Network Narrative: Understanding Word-of-Mouth marketing in online communities" is the most effective article. The most recent advancements in social media marketing research include customer engagement, customer behavior, brand loyalty, and brand equity. The findings help managers understand how social media marketing influences customer behavior by helping by researching critical terms like "customer engagement," "brand loyalty," and "purchase intention."
  Keywords: Social Media Marketing; Bibliometric Analysis; Visualization; Vosviewer; Customer Engagement; Customer Behavior; Brand Loyalty; Brand Equity; Social Networking Sites; Social Media Platforms; Customer.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJPM.2025.10070287
   
  
• Optimising Inventory Policies for New and Take-Back Used Products with Concept of Complementary Products under Shortages  
  by Amarat Rathod, Kunal Shukla, Dharmesh Katariya 
  Abstract: Any business needs complementary items since they increase sales, profits, and customer attraction. In this study, retailers sell the new products with complementary products, take back the used products, and retailers sell them again with complementary products. Each products price-sensitive demands relate to one another and enhance its value. The objective of this research is to optimise the selling price, cycle time, inventory duration, and shortage period to maximise retail profits from new and take-back products, along with complementary items, under conditions of partial backlog shortages. A mathematical inventory model incorporating complementary items was formulated for new and take-back products. Using the classical optimisation method, we obtained the optimum value of the decision variables. The concavity of the objective function was verified using the Hessian matrix method and graphically. The studys numerical findings provide optimum profitability and suggest further research directions. Sensitivity analysis is performed to examine the proposed models stability.
  Keywords: complementary products; deterioration; take-back product; price-sensitive demand; selling price; shortage; cycle time.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJPM.2025.10070291
   
  
• Factors affecting Tourism Development under Mediating Role of Diversified Tourism Products: Case in Vietnam  
  by Liem Hoang Thanh  
  Abstract: This study aims to estimate the critical factors affecting the development of tourism in Vietnam, especially in Binh Thuan province, under the role of a mediating factor. Using quantitative method (Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling), the following factors have a significant and positive influence on tourism development under the intervention of diversified tourism products: tourism resources, infrastructure, information technology, stakeholder involvement, and government policies. The findings confirm that diversified tourism products significantly enhance tourism development by attracting a broader range of visitors, extending the tourism season, and increasing local economic benefits. The study also highlights how improved infrastructure, digital advancements, and policy interventions can further support the development of unique tourism offerings, such as eco-tourism, cultural tourism, and adventure tourism. These insights provide a strong foundation for Binh Thuan to strengthen its tourism strategy, ensuring long-term sustainability and maximizing its economic potential.
  Keywords: tourism; tourism development; tourism products; PLS-SEM.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJPM.2025.10070343
   
  
• Challenges facing the implementation of electronic procurement in the Ghanaian construction industry: the perspective of contractors and consultants  
  by Derrick Alfa, De-Graft Owusu-Manu, Philip Opare 
  Abstract: The construction industry is vital for Ghana's economic development yet faces challenges due to traditional paper-based procurement methods. This study investigates obstacles to electronic procurement adoption in Ghana's construction sector. Using a quantitative approach, data was collected via questionnaires distributed to contractors and consultants in Accra, with 40 respondents providing insights from 70 distributed questionnaires. Analytical tools like RII, Cronbach's alpha, Kendall's coefficient, and factor analysis were employed. Top challenges include infrastructure unavailability, data integrity violation, lack of standardised systems, data loss risk, and fear of system unreliability. Factor analysis condensed 23 factors into technological, compliance, user experience, organisational, resource, and infrastructure challenges. This pioneering research sheds light on Ghana's electronic procurement challenges within its construction industry.
  Keywords: construction; electronic procurement; public procurement; procurement; information technology; challenges; Ghana; projects.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJPM.2024.10063409
   
  
• Innovation resistance in mobile payment adoption among micro and small enterprises in Blitar Regency, East Java, Indonesia  
  by Anna Widayani, Nilawati Fiernaningih, Pudji Herijanto 
  Abstract: This research aims to explore the phenomenon of innovation resistance to digital payment among micro and small enterprises (MSEs) in Indonesia. Despite the growing popularity of digital payment solutions in the country, many MSEs still exhibit reluctance to adopt these technologies. This research is quantitative research with a survey method. The population in this study is the owner of MSE in Blitar City, amounting to 4,793 MSE with a sample of 100 MSE. Data was gathered using a questionnaire and analysed using SEM-PLS software. The results of this study indicate that barriers to use, values, traditions, and images have a positive and significant effect on innovation resistance. Meanwhile, the risk barrier negatively and significantly affects innovation resistance. The innovation resistance variable has a positive and significant effect on behavioural intentions. In addition, behavioural intentions positively and significantly affect the actual use of mobile payments.
  Keywords: innovation resistance; SME; mobile payment adoption; micro and small enterprises; Indonesia.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJPM.2024.10064012
   
  
• Three decades of research on earnings management - a bibliometric literature review  
  by Charlotte Haugland Sundkvist, Dag Øivind Madsen, Ziaul Haque Munim, Tonny Stenheim 
  Abstract: This study uses a bibliometric approach to analyse the evolution of research on earnings management, an influential topic in accounting research that emerged during the 1980s. We extracted data from the Scopus and Web of Science databases, covering the period from 1987 to 2021. The extracted bibliography data were analysed using the Biblioshiny tool in RStudio software. We performed two types of analyses: 1) citation-based bibliometric analysis of influential journals, authors, articles, and countries; 2) longitudinal mapping of the evolution of earning management research. Themes related to IFRS, corporate governance, and variations across institutional/regulatory environments are identified through bibliographic coupling. Further, we identify and discuss several directions for future research on earnings management.
  Keywords: earnings management; financial accounting; scientometrics; Biblioshiny; literature review.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJPM.2024.10064628
   
  
• Lean thinking for a green tomorrow: evaluating the environmental impact of lean manufacturing with a focus on innovation culture in the South Indian food processing industry  
  by Manigandan Raman, Geetha Krishnan, Naga Venkata Raghuram Jeedigunta, Pulidindi Venugopal 
  Abstract: This study aims to investigate the impact of lean manufacturing practices (LMP) on environmental performance (EP) in the food processing industry in South India, with the moderating role of innovation culture (IC). This study assesses how lean manufacturing practices implementation, emphasising waste reduction and process optimisation, influences the environmental footprint of food processing operations. The study conceptual model is based on diffusion innovation theory. The data was collected from owners and managers. The data was collected through a structured questionnaire survey of 265 food processing industries located in south India. the descriptive analysis through SPSS and hypothesis testing through SmartPLS. additionally, this study performed process macro analysis and IPMA analysis. The results indicate that lean manufacturing practices positively influence environmental performance. Innovation culture positively moderates the relationship between lean manufacturing practices on environmental performance. Findings aim to provide insights into the interplay between LPM, IC and EP, providing valuable implications for practitioners, policymakers, and academics striving to enhance sustainability practices in the dynamic landscape of South India's food processing industry.
  Keywords: lean manufacturing practices; innovation culture; environmental performance; PLS-SEM.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJPM.2024.10063625
   
  
• Procurement and predictions: analysing crude palm oil markets in India using GARCH approach  
  by R. Supriya, Rajesh Mamilla 
  Abstract: This research investigates volatility and price discovery in India's crude palm oil (CPO) spot and futures markets, using the GARCH (1, 1) model to analyse data from the multi commodity exchange (MCX) from April 2018 to March 2022, a period impacted by COVID-19. The study reveals a strong, long-term interconnection between the spot and futures markets, characterised by error correction mechanisms. A significant finding is the R_FUTURE variable's major influence on market volatility through its impact on conditional variance. These results are vital for stakeholders like market participants, policymakers, and researchers, offering insights into the commodity market dynamics in India during a global crisis, and aiding in informed decision-making and policy development in commodity markets.
  Keywords: volatility transmission; long-term relationship; price discovery; GARCH model; crude palm oil; CPO; spot and futures; India.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJPM.2024.10063715
   
  
• Competition, savings, and accountability: a study of Albania's public procurement of services  
  by Edlira Martiri, Etion Kapedani 
  Abstract: This study examines the evolution of competition in Albania's public procurement of services sector from 2010 to 2022, utilising quantitative analysis of data from the Public Procurement Agency. Key indicators, such as average bids per tender, funding allocations, contract numbers, disqualified bids, and single vs. multiple bid contracts have been assessed. The research reveals a concerning 45% decline in bid competition over the study period, despite increased funding and contracts, posing challenges to cost-effectiveness. The prevalence of single-bid contracts exacerbates this issue. Importantly, the study highlights a direct link between competition levels and cost savings in services procurement. To enhance transparency and efficiency, future research should investigate the factors contributing to this decline, aiding policymakers in fostering a fair and sustainable procurement ecosystem, promoting economic growth and equity.
  Keywords: public procurement; competition trends; services procurement; Albania; Western Balkans; transparency; integrity; savings; sustainable growth; economic development; bid competition; policy impact; procurement legislation; resource allocation; accountability.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJPM.2024.10063713
   
  
• Enhancing high-tech exports: harnessing logistics efficiency and sustainable development goals through a moderated mediation approach  
  by Mahmoud Ramadan Barakat, Ahmed Hussein Ali 
  Abstract: Drawing on transaction cost theory and knowledge-based view, this research aims to investigate the impact of logistics performance on high-tech industries' exports (HTEX) through SDG-9.B. In addition, it tests the moderating effect of SDG-9.5 on the indirect association between logistics performance and HTEX through SDG-9.B. Data were collected from the World Bank, covering 168 countries from 2007 to 2018. Using a mediation and moderated mediation analysis techniques, results revealed that the logistics performance index (LPI) as a proxy of logistics performance could positively affect medium and high-tech industries manufacturing (MHTI) as a proxy for SDG-9.B; MHTI significantly mediates the relationship between LPI and HTEX. Furthermore, research and development as a proxy for SDG-9.5 can significantly moderate the indirect relationship between the LPI and HTEX through MHTI. This research will help extend global supply chain literature, through focusing on LPI and exports while using international data.
  Keywords: logistics performance index; LPI; Sustainable Development Goal 9; medium and high-tech industries; high-tech industry exports; panel data.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJPM.2024.10064705