International Journal of Technology, Policy and Management (9 papers in press)

Regular Issues

• An Analysis of the Legal and Regulatory Challenges in the Indian Electric Vehicle Segment: Implications for Indian manufacturers  
  by Mahima Tripathi, Niharika Sahoo 
  Abstract: The adoption of electric vehicles (EVs) globally is affected by many factors including availability, affordability, infrastructural and technological and legal policy development. The paper aims to analyse the legal and regulatory challenges faced by Indian EV manufacturers during the development and commercialisation phases. The study adopts empirical method to understand the challenges faced by the Indian EV manufacturers. The study reveals that the absence of a long-term vision in the existing EV policies is the major barrier for the Indian EV industry. Lack of clear targets for EV uptake, stringent localisation requirements to avail financial support, insufficient incentive for charging infrastructure development, promotion of indigenous research, intellectual property protection and limited technology transfer initiatives by the government are highlighted as major barriers by the stakeholders. As India endeavours to achieve sustainable and cleaner mobility, addressing these concerns is crucial for the successful establishment of a thriving EV ecosystem in India.
  Keywords: Sustainable Development Goals; Sustainable transportation; Electric Vehicles Indian EV manufacturers; EV innovation; Legal and regulatory challenges; Intellectual property right.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJTPM.2025.10065139
   
  
• Exploring the Development Efficiency and Effectiveness of Digital Products  
  by Kun Liao, Pingping Tang, Jianfeng Wang, Fang Wang 
  Abstract: With the fast market growth of digital products such as gaming platforms, digital product development has become critical to the success of companies in these industries. This study identifies the differences between physical and digital products in terms of the new product development processes. Methods are identified to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of digital product development through a case study. Among those methods, modular design, agile production, and cross-functional teams are highly recommended due to their effectiveness.
  Keywords: digital film; video game; development process.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJTPM.2025.10065322
   
  
• Towards Participatory decision-Making under Deep Uncertainty: Benefits and Challenges  
  by Karoline Führer, Jan H. Kwakkel, Floortje M. D'Hont, Etiënne A. J. A. Rouwette, Cornelia Els Van Daalen 
  Abstract: Decision-making under deep uncertainty (DMDU) provides a set of tools and methods to find resolutions for complex wicked problems, which requires considering multiple actors and uncertainty. However, not all characteristics of wicked problems are typically addressed by the DMDU toolkit. We identified three key shortcomings: the focus on analytical techniques, a lack of attention for sense-making of analytical artefacts with the various parties to a decision, and no attention for coming to a decision. Engaging stakeholders in the DMDU process is a promising direction for overcoming these shortcomings. This study addresses the need for a formalised approach for participatory DMDU. As such, we provide a general structure for participatory DMDU processes and present the potential benefits of engaging stakeholders for each step. We present four challenges in establishing a practice of participatory DMDU: 1) selecting promising projects, 2) designing valuable processes, 3) developing and documenting methods, and 4) evaluating transparently.
  Keywords: decision-making under deep uncertainty; decision making; wicked problems; participation; participatory modelling; deliberation; stakeholder engagement; complexity; uncertainty; facilitation.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJTPM.2025.10066102
   
  
• Emergence of FinTech Technologies as a Game Changing Innovation in the Digitalised Era  
  by Diwakar Chaudhary, Shubhash Kumar Verma, Rashi Baliyan, Pooja Singh, Khadilkar Sujay Madhukar 
  Abstract: FinTech is a powerful mix of new digital technologies and changing customer needs. It's not just changing financial services; it's changing everything. Its game-changing features make access more open, personalise solutions, and speed up deals. For example, they can help people who don't have bank accounts by automating investments. But, like any change, it has problems, like digital divides, security worries, and rules that make it hard to use. We can guide FinTech toward a future where its transformative power helps everyone by putting an emphasis on ethical considerations, responsible innovation, and openness. This will pave the way for a fairer and more prosperous financial environment. This is not just a great piece of technology; it's also a call to action, a chance to change the story of finance with FinTech as our strong tool. Let's see how it can change things and work together to make the future a place where financial services really meet everyone's needs.
  Keywords: Digitalization; Fintech; Disruption; Block chain; AI.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJTPM.2026.10066899
   
  
• Comparison of Two models for Projected Discharge outflow Forecasting: Application of SWAT and T-F Markov at Mkomazi River Catchment, South Africa  
  by Oseni T. Amoo, Akinola Ikudayisi, Abdultaofeek Abayomi 
  Abstract: Projected impacts of climate change on water balance and yield are needed to give an overview of periodic water availability for structural regulation, adaptation, and mitigation strategies in conserving the available water resources. This study compares the possible future responses of Mkomazi River Catchment (MRC), KwaZulu-Natal Province, South Africa using two models, SWAT and T-F-Markov. It proposes adaptation strategies toward integrated watershed management. To achieve this, future regional downscaled meteorological data from 20002060 was fed into the soil and water assessment tool to assess the impacts on projected outflow simulation with simulated Markov outflow projection. The SWAT simulated result reveals a better regression plot correlation coefficient of 0.75 to 0.77 for projected T-F Markov monthly discharge outflow at the validation stage with the historical records. Water resources managers would find the tools employed to model spatially distributed and time-varying hydro-meteorologic datasets useful for water balance and water yield projected quantification.
  Keywords: Climate change; gamma autoregressive; Markov outflow; water balance; water yield.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJTPM.2025.10066911
   
  
• Exploring the Impact of Digital Infrastructure and Opportunity-Driven TEA on Economic Development  
  by Teodora Sutakovi?, Mateja Drnovšek 
  Abstract: In this study, we focus on a previously under-researched relationship between digital infrastructure, opportunity-driven TEA, and economic development given the recent rapid speed of digital technology adoption. Using a longitudinal data sample of 58 countries over the period 2011-2019 we test a moderated mediation model of the relationships between digital infrastructure and economic development and examine the mediation role of opportunity-driven TEA and moderation role of subjective well-being. We find that digital infrastructure is a critical element contributing directly and indirectly to economic development through opportunity-driven TEA. National levels of subjective well-being amplify the positive impact of opportunity-driven TEA.
  Keywords: digitalization; economic growth; national well-being.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJTPM.2025.10067702
   
  
• Connecting People, Cultures, and Skills: BRI's Influence on Tourism and Human Capital  
  by Aamir Shahzad, Syed Mudasser Abbas, Wisal Ahmad 
  Abstract: This study explores the social impact of China’s Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) on tourism and human capital development in the countries that host BRI projects BRI is a global development strategy that aims to enhance economic integration and cooperation among participating countries, which leads to an increase in tourist flow to the host countries Tourism provides various benefits to the local people, such as improving their skills, creativity, language abilities, and training opportunities, which are crucial for developing human capital Human capital is a key factor for achieving economic growth, social development, global competitiveness, and individual well-being However, tourism also has negative impacts, such as environmental degradation, cultural erosion, and social conflicts, that need to be addressed This study reviews and compares the literature on previous economic integration and experiences of different countries that are involved in BRI The study intends to provide valuable insights for policymakers and stakeholder
  Keywords: Human Capital Development; BRI Projects; Social Impact; Tourism Growth; and Tourist Host Interactions.
  
  
• The Impact of Globalisation on Business Management: Strategies for Multinational Success  
  by Gang Chen 
  Abstract: Business globalization is the practice of organizations operating across borders and with less inclination for doing so within their own nation. Businesses are encouraged to internationalise as part of globalisation and significantly expand the volume and variety of cross-border money. Globalization has significantly changed the corporate environment, posing both possibilities and challenges for international business. The objective of this study is to examine the way globalisation affects company management and practical strategies for succeeding in a globalised economy. This research produces and assesses a model that examine at the connection between business performance, E-Commerce utilization and globalisation. The data utilised in this study was gathered from a comprehensive survey of businesses in these industries conducted across multiple countries. The data and hypothesis were statistically analysed using regression analysis, factor analysis and descriptive statistics. The outcomes demonstrated that increased E-Commerce utilisation and enhanced performance are both consequences of globalisation.
  Keywords: Globalization; Business; E-Commerce; Performance; Multinational Industries.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJTPM.2025.10069253
   
  
• Comparative Examination of the Input-Oriented and Output-Oriented R&D Technical Efficiency in OECD  
  by Constantinos Tsamadias, Stylianos Margaritis, Christos Staikouras, Emmanuel Mamatzakis 
  Abstract: Using the non-parametric method of data envelope analysis (DEA), this study empirically explores and compares the technical efficiency of Research & Development (R&D) in 35 OECD countries from 2013 to 2020. Our model offers accurate estimations and corrects for misspecification. We assess both technical efficiency that is output oriented and technical efficiency that is input oriented. Additionally, we make a distinction between narrow R&D, which encompass both basic and applied research, and broad R&D, which also include experimental development. Once we derive efficiency we proceed with a thorough comparison evaluation utilising four criteria for all models, all countries, and all groups of countries. The findings show that efficiency varies between countries and between models. The northern European countries received the highest efficiency scores, confirming their dominance in R&D at global level. The findings are crucial not only for the academics but also for national and international policymakers since they give guidance for the necessary actions to increase R&D efficiency.
  Keywords: DEA; R&D; Input and Output Oriented Efficiency; OECD.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJTPM.2026.10070186