International Journal of Work Innovation (57 papers in press)

Regular Issues

• The transformative impact of artificial intelligence on the state of marketing  
  by Etinder Pal Singh, Jyoti Doval 
  Abstract: Artificial intelligence (AI) is catalysing a fundamental transformation in marketing, redefining traditional practices with data analytics, personalisation, and automation capabilities. This paper presents a meticulous exploration of AIs pervasive influence on the marketing industry. It delves into AIs role in optimising data-driven decision making, refining customer segmentation, facilitating unprecedented personalisation, and enhancing marketing efficiency. Additionally, it illuminates the ethical considerations and societal implications associated with the integration of AI in marketing, including issues of data privacy, security, and potential algorithmic biases. The paper also scrutinises the trajectory of AIs future developments in marketing, highlighting potential barriers and opportunities. It posits that by adopting ethically sound, AI-driven practices, marketers can effectively harness AIs full potential, fostering enriched customer experiences and driving sustainable business success.
  Keywords: artificial intelligence; AI; chatbots; big data; data driven decision making; personalisation; ethics; bias; automation; challenges in AI marketing; marketing.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJWI.2023.10057999
   
  
• Measuring employee commitment in garment industry: scale development and validation  
  by Vanishree Beloor, T.S. Nanjundeswaraswamy, D.R. Swamy 
  Abstract: Garment industries are facing the problems of poor employee retention and commitment due to the prevailing circumstances such as poor salary, inadequate medical facilities, etc. Therefore, the study is undertaken to develop a scale that measures the commitment of employees in garment industries. The methodology includes literature review followed by Pareto analysis, later to reduce the factors exploratory factor analysis was done and the commitment types were validated using CFA. The designed questionnaire was administered to employees working in garment industries. The collected data was screened to eliminate invalid responses. The EFA resulted in three types of commitment along with ten items that together showed a variance of 74%. The proposed three type of commitment model was confirmed along with ten items that comprise of affective commitment, normative commitment and continuance commitment through CFA. The first order QWL model showed adequate fit.
  Keywords: affective commitment; normative commitment; continuance commitment; garment industries; Pareto analysis; EFA; CFA.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJWI.2023.10060403
   
  
• The role of metaverse in collaborative learning: a conceptual framework  
  by Samprada Dekate, Prashant Mehta 
  Abstract: During the epidemic and its aftermath, the field of learning and teaching experienced a rapid technological transition. This transition compelled us to engage in virtual learning. The use of technology for learning plays a substantial role in the learners engagement, frequently referred to as online learning; such technology typically uses a variety of 2D applications. However, in recent times, the globe has been shifting its interest toward the virtual world and 3D applications. The virtual world has unique abilities for learning, such as improving social learning environments, enhancing presence, and supporting communication and engagement, which makes it an essential tool for collaborative learning. One such tool that has captured the attention is metaverse. This study explores metaverse-based learning and provides insights into the crucial role of metaverse-based learning in facilitating collaborative learning. The authors also proposed a model to show how metaverse can improve collaborative learning.
  Keywords: collaborative learning; metaverse; virtual reality; augmented reality; extended reality.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJWI.2023.10060495
   
  
• Systematic literature review of artificial intelligence in human resource management research using bibliometric analysis  
  by Ankita Bansal, Raj Kumar Singh, Vikas Tyagi, Vivek Anand, Bhoopendra Bharti 
  Abstract: The study undertakes a bibliometric examination focused on the field of human resource management (HRM) with a specific emphasis on Artificial Intelligence, spanning the period from 2012 to the present year, 2023. This investigation encompasses a comprehensive range of analytical approaches, including trend analysis, thematic analysis, performance assessment, cluster analysis, co-citation analysis, and co-occurrence analysis. Moreover, this research furnishes valuable perspectives on both domestic and international citations and bibliographic associations. Furthermore, it sheds light on the significance of artificial intelligence within the realm of human resources. Data has been retrieved from the Scopus database exclusively. An analysis was carried out using a dataset consisting of 659 documents, all of which were extracted from Scopus. To facilitate the performance analysis and thematic cluster examination for this research, the VOSviewer tool was employed. Furthermore, this study examined of the foremost quartet of clusters, along with their three most conspicuous publications.
  Keywords: artificial intelligence; bibliometric analysis; co-occurrence analysis; bibliometric coupling; co-citation analysis; human resource management.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJWI.2023.10060598
   
  
• Impact of dimensions of financial literacy and business innovation on the performance of women entrepreneurs  
  by Neetu Juneja, Shweta Nanda, Raj Kumar Singh, Harjit Singh 
  Abstract: The study aims to investigate the impact of dimensions of financial literacy and business innovation on the performance of women entrepreneurs. In recent years, the number of women doing business has increased, and several agencies are also working on increasing their participation. The study collected empirical data from 427 female entrepreneurs in India through purposive sampling technique. The survey was conducted using a structured questionnaire adopted from literature. Findings suggest that womens financial literacy is judged by their financial capital, capabilities, and support received from various agencies. Financial literacy leads to business innovation and results in an increase in business performance. Financial literacy provides financial freedom to the women entrepreneur to play in the market with confidence. Further, the digitalisation of business with innovation increases women entrepreneurs business performance. Additionally, digitalisation alone with only financial literacy has an insignificant impact on business performance.
  Keywords: financial literacy; financial support; business innovations; women entrepreneur; business performance.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJWI.2023.10060935
   
  
• The effect of high-performance human resource practices on workplace bullying through self-control  
  by Atheer Abdullah Mohammed 
  Abstract: The key research objective is to comprehend whether self-control mediates the relationship between high-performance human resource practices (HPHRPs) and work-related bullying or not. To achieve this objective, a quantitative designed approach is adopted. This study has randomly stratified a sample of employees who work at 28 Iraqi middle-manufacturing companies. 469 individuals were recruited, but only 428 of them accurately responded, finalised, and utilised for final data analysis. The study finds new evidence for reducing the adverse effects of bullying by HPHRPs (carefully selected staffing, extensive training, fair compensation, and self-directed teams) through self-control. However, extensive training positively enhances workplace bullying. Moreover, the roles of carefully selecting staffing and fair compensation practices with bullying are weak. This examination provides an applied model and useful guidelines for designers, decision-makers, future investigators, as well as officials who work at Iraqi manufacturing organisations. It has never been before studied within a single research in non-Western environments.
  Keywords: high-performance human resource practices; HPHRPs; workplace bullying; self-control; manufacturing workplaces.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJWI.2023.10060937
   
  
• Exploring the relationship between entrepreneurial orientation and firm performance in pharmaceutical SMEs: the mediating effect of blockchain technology adoption  
  by R. Manigandan, J. Naga Venkata Raghuram 
  Abstract: This study aims to investigate the impact of entrepreneurial orientation on firm performance with the mediating effect of blockchain technology adoption. The primary data were collected from 91 respondents serving as owners and managers of pharmaceutical companies in South India. Using SPSS for descriptive data analysis and partial least square structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM) for structural and measurement model analysis through smart PLS4.0 software for quantitative data analysis. The results demonstrate that entrepreneurial orientation has a significant effect on firm performance. In addition, the results confirm that mediation of blockchain technology adoption positively affects the relationship between entrepreneurial orientation and firm performance. Our research contributes to the literature by highlighting how blockchain technology adoption can improve firm performance in pharmaceutical SMEs. This research has yielded comprehensive theoretical and managerial implications leveraging the implementation of blockchain technology to enhance firm performance.
  Keywords: entrepreneurial orientation; blockchain technology adoption; firm performance; dynamic capability view; pharmaceutical company.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJWI.2023.10061099
   
  
• Understanding the effect of personality types on workplace happiness using structural equation modelling approach  
  by Shilpa Bhandari, Manoj Kumar Mishra, Pretty Bhalla, Seema Gupta 
  Abstract: Education reform should include the growth of psychological factors, with the primary goal of making teachers happy at work. The aim of the study is to determine a model of continuous happiness on the basis of the big five personality traits. The method uses the structural equation modelling approach to develop the model. The effects of each big five personality types (extraversion, agreeableness, conscientiousness, openness and neuroticism) on workplace happiness have been demonstrated in the study. The presence of variables that function as factors influencing teacher work happiness as the dependent variable. The data was collected from the teachers working in UGC recognised universities in Delhi and NCR with a sample size of 384. The sampling technique used in the study was quota sampling wherein the sample was distributed among government universities, private universities and others (deemed and to-be deemed universities). The studys findings show that the main five personality types have a considerable effect on university teachers happiness at work.
  Keywords: extraversion; neuroticism; agreeableness; conscientiousness; openness; happiness; workplace; structural equation modelling; SEM.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJWI.2023.10061355
   
  
• Toxic workplace environment in developing countries: strategic perspective from Iraq  
  by Hatem Ali Abdullah 
  Abstract: The study aims to know the effect of toxic leadership through its dimensions (abusive supervision, authoritarian leadership, narcissism, self-promotion, and unpredictability) on toxic workplace behaviours in the Iraqi environment, specifically the health sector in Tikrit city. The study uses the survey method, and the study population is represented by nurses in Tikrit Teaching Hospital and Tikrit General Hospital. A non-random sample of (216) nurses is selected to properly represent the study population. The data is collected through a questionnaire. The study concludes that toxic leadership has a positive effect on toxic workplace behaviours in the field under study. It has some limitations represented in the difficulty of searching on a large sample in several Iraqi cities in Iraq, as well as the lack of approval of the higher managements in hospitals. Therefore, the researcher resorts to study only two hospitals inside Tikrit city. The study deals with the strategic perspective to study toxic workplace environments, which are not studied in the Iraqi environment.
  Keywords: toxic workplace environment; TWE; toxic leadership; toxic workplace behaviours; TWBs; developing countries; health sector in Iraq.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJWI.2023.10061469
   
  
• Understanding attitudes of Kashmir Valley residents towards tourism development: a SEM study  
  by Younis Malik, Shakeel Basheer, Vikram Jit Singh 
  Abstract: The purpose of this study is to develop an approach for examining the opinions of residents regarding the growth of tourism in the Kashmir Valley, utilising the principles of community attachment and tourist contact. By utilising a multistage convenient sampling approach and a pretested questionnaire, primary data (n = 520) were collected from residents of the top three tourist destinations in the Kashmir Valley. Structural equation modelling was employed to develop and analyse the model. As a result of the economic, social, and cultural advantages that tourism provides, the findings indicate that residents possess a strong sense of community and consider interaction with tourists to be a critical component in the development and promotion of tourism in the Kashmir Valley. The study also demonstrates that residents who perceive more benefits from tourism development are happily in support of it, while others are not supportive due to a greater number of drawbacks.
  Keywords: residents’ attitudes; Kashmir Valley; community attachment; tourist contact; structural equation modelling; SEM.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJWI.2023.10061646
   
  
• Navigating psychological contracts with AI interactions in the workplace: from chatbots to boss bots  
  by Sabale Anjali Abasaheb, Subashini Rajagopal 
  Abstract: This article delves into the intricate dynamics of the modern workplace as it transitions from traditional human interfaces to artificial intelligence (AI)-powered interactions. Theres a growing need to comprehend how these AI-driven changes impact the psychological contracts and how employees navigate these changes. Therefore, the objective is to highlight the nuances and complexities inherent in this evolution and provide a foundational understanding of navigating the emerging digital-human workplace interface. In the burgeoning era of artificial intelligence (AI) integration into workplaces, the dynamics of psychological contracts are undergoing profound transformations. Through an extensive review of the current literature and theoretical frameworks, looking ahead, the relentless evolution of AI technology foretells even more pronounced influences for ethical standards and more individual-centric work experiences. The findings underscore the imperatives of continuous training, clear communication, and the strategic balancing of AI and human interactions to uphold and adapt psychological contracts in the AI-era. .
  Keywords: artificial intelligence; psychological contract; employees; organisation; chatbots.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJWI.2023.10061647
   
  
• Fostering team flow in R&D project teams: a novel framework  
  by V. Kiran Govind, Sumati Sidharth 
  Abstract: Organisations working in the field of cutting-edge technologies depend on research and development (R&D) project teams to deliver innovative high-quality products, services, and solutions in the most economical ways and within stringent timelines, thus enhancing cost-effectiveness and productivity. Creating high-performing R&D project teams has thus become an inevitable necessity for these organisations. Team flow, an emerging area of research in team science, is found to enhance the effectiveness and performance of teams, leading to positive team outcomes. In this paper, a new framework that can likely foster team flow in R&D project teams is proposed. The resonant, reflection, response, resultant, and reinforcing processes, collectively called 5Rs represent the five different categories of team processes that an R&D team undergoes for accomplishing its objectives. The 5R framework is proposed as a unique model to foster team flow in an R&D project team context with the potential to enhance team effectiveness and performance.
  Keywords: teams; team flow; research and development; R&D; R&D project teams; IMOI model; team effectiveness; 5R framework; team performance; team processes; team emergent states.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJWI.2023.10061764
   
  
• The relationship between environmental innovation and ESG: case of healthcare organisations  
  by Saime Ulucayli, Kemal Cek 
  Abstract: Nowadays, environmental, social and governance (ESG) has been an important factor in increasing innovation in businesses for many years but has not yet been widely recognised in healthcare organisations. This study aims to investigate the relationship between environmental innovation and each component of the ESG score on the innovation of healthcare companies. The sample of the study consists of 100 companies with healthcare facilities, biotechnology and research, pharmaceuticals and medical equipment located in European countries with high GDP, and was analysed for the period 20022021. The results have shown that environmental innovation score grade (EISG) has a positive and significant impact on the companys ESG performances. The effect of EISG on individual dimensions of ESG is also tested and founded that EISG has a positive and significant impact on environmental (ENV) and social (SOC) performance. However, it did not show a significant impact on governance (GOV) performance.
  Keywords: environmental innovation; environmental; social and governance; ESG; corporate social responsibility; CSR; healthcare organisations.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJWI.2023.10061841
   
  
• Country and commodity based concentration analysis of Indian trade  
  by Ruchita Verma, Dhanraj Sharma, Deepak  
  Abstract: The present study attempts to evaluate the concentration levels of Indian trade with respect to various countries and commodities. The countries and commodities wise-data have been collected from the secondary sources for the study period of 20112012 to 20202021. The concentration ratios, Hefindahl-Hirschman Index have been employed to evaluate the market competitiveness and BCG matrix has been used to evaluate the market structure and growth. The results show that the top 2 trading partner (USA and China) accounted for 24.9% of export and 23.8% of import of India. It is also observed that dependency on top 2 commodities was reduced in case of export (from 34.1% to 18.1%) and import (from 53.8% to 39.2%) during the study period. The main findings of the study reveal that the market structures (country and commodity-wise) were found to be highly competitive during the study period.
  Keywords: HHI index; concentration ratio; BCG model; Indian trade; market share and growth.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJWI.2023.10061842
   
  
• Exploring the nexus of self-leadership, innovative work behaviour, and mediating goal processes within small and medium-sized enterprises  
  by Muhammad Imran, Li Ji Zu, Sher Bano 
  Abstract: This study explores the dynamics between self-leadership and innovative work behaviour in small and medium-sized enterprises, investigating the mediating roles of goal striving and goal crafting. Utilising advanced quantitative techniques, especially Smart PLS 4 for data analysis, our results reveal that self-leadership significantly enhances innovative work behaviour, both directly and indirectly through employees self-initiated goal crafting. Interestingly, self-leadership also positively influences goal striving. However, the study identifies a non-significant impact of goal striving on innovative work behaviour. These findings contribute to employee leadership literature and offer actionable insights for managers aiming to foster creative work behaviour. Recognising the importance of self-initiated goal crafting in mediating these relationships can guide strategies to optimise organisational effectiveness and enhance employee performance within small-sized enterprises.
  Keywords: self-leadership; innovative work behaviour; IWB; goal striving; goal crafting; GC; small and medium-sized enterprises; SME’s; Smart PLS 4.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJWI.2023.10061913
   
  
• Amidst COVID-19: the moderating role of innovation and brand valuation in ESG disclosure and firm value relationship  
  by Josua Tarigan, Jasmine Iskandar, Saarce Elsye Hatane 
  Abstract: This paper mainly aims to explain the correlation of ESGD, innovation, and brand valuation toward firm value. In addition, this paper also observes the significant changes in ESGD before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. The study found that innovation positively strengthens the relationship between ESGD and firm value, while brand valuation does not. ESGD has had significant changes before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. The findings suggest ESGD, innovation, and brand valuation act as a competitive advantage and enhance additional value towards the firm value. The link between ESGD and firm value has been extensively studied. There is still a sizable study gap when considering potential mediating elements that can offer a more thorough and fuller picture of the ESGD and firm value link. Innovation and brand valuation are two of the most significant potential mediators.
  Keywords: ESG disclosure; ESGD; innovation; brand valuation; firm value; COVID-19.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJWI.2023.10062016
   
  
• Does workplace happiness lead to organisational citizenship behaviour: a study of faculty in higher education institutions  
  by Ritu Deswal, Karamvir Sheokand 
  Abstract: Workplace happiness has a crucial role in engaging organisational citizenship behaviour (OCB). The above relationship has been researched extensively in organisational psychology, but human resource management scholars have yet to give more attention. This study advances knowledge by examining workplace happiness and organisational citizenship behaviour. A sample of 376 faculty members of higher education institutions is used in this quantitative study. Correlation and regression analysis were used to study the relationship between workplace happiness and organisational citizenship behaviour. The results showed that workplace happiness and organisational citizenship behaviour both positively and statistically significantly correlated. Organisational citizenship behaviour is significantly influenced by workplace happiness. This work is distinctively different because it introduces a previously unexplored connection between workplace happiness and organisational citizenship behaviour in higher education institutions. Higher education institutions must develop strategies for fostering a happy workplace.
  Keywords: workplace happiness; organisational citizenship behaviour; OCB; higher education institutions.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJWI.2023.10062248
   
  
• Unravelling the project escalation enigma: optimising principal-agent dynamics in IT project management  
  by Saida Harguem, Karim Ben Boubaker, Said Baadel 
  Abstract: To enhance project success, researchers have tirelessly explored the perplexing phenomenon of project escalation and its detrimental impact on budgets. However, a crucial void remains the lack of actionable solutions to combat and avert project escalation. This paper seeks to fill the gap by adopting a fresh and innovative approach: applying the agency theory. This research identifies the root causes of project escalation and unveils a new approach to overcome this daunting challenge. The cornerstone of this research lies in establishing an optimal mathematical function and meticulously defining start and stop conditions. Project managers can forecast and exercise control over escalation risks through an ex-ante approach. Such foresight gives project stakeholders the knowledge to discern the opportune moment for project launch and, equally crucial, the conditions that demand immediate cessation to avert the perilous grip of escalation, thereby significantly mitigating risks.
  Keywords: agency theory; ex-ante research approach; IT project escalation; IT project management.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJWI.2023.10062683
   
  
• Impact of entrepreneurial orientation on Moroccan SME performance: the role of commitment to organisational learning  
  by Yassin Allammari, Ahmed Taqi, El Hassania Rahou 
  Abstract: This article aims to examine the mediating role of commitment to organisational learning in the relationship between entrepreneurial orientation and performance in Moroccan SMEs. Through a quantitative survey of 81 Moroccan SMEs, this study explores how entrepreneurial orientation practices, based on innovation, risk-taking and proactivity, can improve SME performance by enhancing their commitment to organisational learning. Hypothesis testing was conducted using the partial least squares (PLS) structural equation method. The results of this study show that there is a significant and direct impact between entrepreneurial orientation and the performance of Moroccan SMEs, and that commitment to organisational learning partially mediates this relationship. These findings offer important theoretical and managerial implications, providing researchers in the field and decision-makers with evidence highlighting the importance of entrepreneurial orientation and organisational learning as key levers for enhancing the erformance of Moroccan SMEs.
  Keywords: entrepreneurial orientation; EO; commitment; learning; performance; SMEs; Morocco; structural equations.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJWI.2024.10062685
   
  
• Womens productivity in hostile work environments: evaluating organisational efforts to tackle workplace bullying and its mediating impact on psychological consequences  
  by C. Divyakala, A. Vasumathi 
  Abstract: The present study explores how bullying at work affects womens productivity, with a particular focus on the mediating role of psychological consequences. Using Albert Banduras social cognitive theory as a foundation, the research examines how workplace bullying can lead to a decline in womens self-efficacy and self-worth, as well as foster negative emotional states and reduced coping mechanisms. A questionnaire survey was conducted among female employees in the leather industry in Vellore and Tirupattur Districts of Tamil Nadu. The research design used in this study is descriptive. The statistical sample consisted of 527 female labourers. Observational learning plays a crucial role, wherein women witnessing bullying behaviours or the lack of appropriate consequences may internalise such attitudes, further impacting their psychological well-being. As a result, the study explores how the psychological consequences of workplace bullying significantly influence womens productivity in the workplace. The findings highlight the importance of implementing targeted interventions, such as anti-bullying policies, support systems, and mentorship opportunities, to reduce the adverse consequences of bullying at work and create a supportive work environment that empowers women and enhances their overall productivity and satisfaction.
  Keywords: workplace bullying; WB; productivity; women; leather industry; psychological consequences.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJWI.2024.10063327
   
  
• Analysing employer mediation over sense of belongingness and job quality for retaining employees in Indian start-ups  
  by Shiwangi Sharma, Nandini Srivastava 
  Abstract: The purpose of this study was to examine the mediation of employer over sense of belongingness and job quality for retaining employees in Indian start-ups. Thus, data was collected from 364 employees of Indian start-ups through five-point Likert scale questionnaire. Partial least square (PLS) structural equation modelling was used to test data reliability, validity, and hypothesis. Result shows that job quality and sense of belongingness are not having significant impact over employee retention. However, sense of belongingness had significant impact over role of employers and the latter further has significant impact over employee retention; thus, showing the mediation in between. Additionally, role of employer also had significant impact over job quality, but could not mediate with this factor. This implies to maintain sense of belongingness and explore more on job quality to uplift employee retention in start-ups; which can further benefit the emerging business markets.
  Keywords: start-up ventures; Indian start-ups; emerging businesses; new ventures; entrepreneurship; job quality; sense of belongingness; role of employers; employee retention; challenging job; training; work-life balance; employee engagement.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJWI.2024.10063723
   
  
• Green HRM practices foster environmental performance: the role of environmental knowledge and pro-environmental behaviours  
  by Quoc-Loc Nguyen, Nhu-Ty Nguyen, Ngoc-Nhu Ta, Tuyet-Anh Nguyen, Thanh-Trieu Nguyen 
  Abstract: This study aims to investigate the interaction between green human resource management practices and environmental performance through the role of pro-environmental behaviours and environmental knowledge. A quantitative approach was adopted to achieve the aims of this study. The sample consisted of 284 management hoteliers from 3-star, 4-star and 5-star hotels and resorts in Vietnam through PLS-SEM technique. In order to test the proposed hypotheses, partial least structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM) technique using SMART PLS 4 was employed. Furthermore, both SPSS and SMART PLS were conducted to test the validity and reliability of the measures. The results reveal that green human resource management practices had significant impacts on both pro-environmental behaviours and environmental performance. Pro-environmental behaviours and environmental performance and environmental knowledge were further found to mediate the relationship between the direct paths. In addition, this research has demonstrated a positive moderating role of environmental knowledge. This study extends the research on green human resource management practices by concentrating the moderating role of environmental knowledge towards to the relationship pro-environmental and environmental performance. Leaders can draw on these studies to come up with new strategies, policies, and solutions to boost their environmental performance.
  Keywords: green human resource practices; pro-environmental behaviours; environmental knowledge; environmental performance; hospitality industry.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJWI.2024.10063724
   
  
• The influence of self-efficacy on high school students STEM career choice: implications for human resources development  
  by Hoang Viet Linh, Tran Trong Sy 
  Abstract: The aim of the current research is to investigate parental influence, teacher influence, and friend influence on STEM career choice intention among high school students in Ho Chi Minh City, using social cognitive career theory (SCCT) developed by Lent et al. (1994). Furthermore, this research also examined the mediating role of self-efficacy (SE) on the relationships among parental influence, teacher influence, friend influence, and STEM career choice intention. Results indicate that friend influence directly and indirectly affects STEM career choice intention through the mediating variable self-efficacy. Meanwhile, parental influence and teacher influence only indirectly affect STEM career choice intention through the mediating variable self-efficacy. Based on the research results, the author has some suggestions to improve the intention to choose a STEM career, contributing to the development of STEM human resources for Ho Chi Minh City. This research also demonstrates some limitations and recommendations for future research. Further research can apply this model to investigate the STEM career choice intention among students in different regions of Vietnam and compare the results.
  Keywords: self-efficacy; social cognitive career theory; SCCT; STEM; career choice intention.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJWI.2024.10063725
   
  
• Unveiling the dynamics of change acceptance: exploring environmental and individual factors in HR practices  
  by Mohammad Nurul Alam 
  Abstract: The ready made garment (RMG) industry is known for its dynamic nature, characterised by frequent changes in technology, market demands, and production processes. HR managers and directors play a critical role in facilitating organisational change within this industry, yet the factors influencing their acceptance of change remain understudied. Therefore, the study examines change acceptance in the RMG industry among HR managers/directors, exploring factors influencing acceptance using a survey of 500 samples. Analysis via Smart-PLS 3.2.9 and SPSS v26 revealed direct, positive impacts of social influence, subjective norms, locus of control, and attitude towards change on change acceptance. Organisational support significantly moderated relations between social influence, locus of control, and change acceptance. However, it did not moderate subjective norms or attitude towards change. This study identifies key factors influencing change acceptance in RMG HR professionals, emphasising the importance of openness and targeted training for adaptability. Industry-specific limitations warrant broader research exploring long-term effects.
  Keywords: acceptance of change; individual factors of change; environmental factors of change; readymade garment industry.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJWI.2024.10063895
   
  
• Examining the impact of ethical leadership behaviour on employee outcome: mediating role of empowerment and authenticity  
  by S. Sekar, Nanjaraje S. Urs, U. Umesh, Suja Sundram 
  Abstract: The study investigates the influence of ethical leadership behaviour on employee outcomes, exploring the mediating mechanisms of empowerment and authenticity in the workplace. Ethical leadership is recognised as a crucial factor in fostering a positive organisational culture, and its effects on employee well-being and performance have garnered increasing attention. To deepen our understanding of the underlying processes, this research examines how ethical leadership practices translate into desirable employee outcomes through the mediating pathways of empowerment and authenticity. The qualitative component of the research enriches these findings by providing insights into employees experiences under ethical leaders. The interviews highlight specific behaviours and practices that employees perceive as ethical, empowering, and authentic, shedding light on the subtleties of leadership dynamics. The study contributes to theoretical and practical implications by emphasising the importance of ethical leadership and its cascading effects on employee outcomes. The study concluded that organisations could use these insights to refine leadership development programs and create environments that promote ethical behaviour, empowerment, and authenticity. Ultimately, cultivating ethical leadership practices can lead to enhanced employee well-being, satisfaction, and performance, contributing to the overall success of organisations in todays complex and dynamic business landscape.
  Keywords: ethical behaviour; empowerment; employee outcomes; team-oriented; values-driven decisions; job performance; responsibility; accountability; continuous learning; job satisfaction; culture; empowerment; personality; work pressure; decision making; honesty; transparency; authenticity.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJWI.2024.10063896
   
  
• The mediation effect of self-efficacy on the relationship between teachers autonomy and innovative work behaviour  
  by Safiek Mokhlis, Abdul Hakim Abdullah 
  Abstract: Substantial evidence indicates that teachers autonomy plays a pivotal role in promoting innovative work behaviour (IWB). However, little research has focused on the mechanisms behind this link. The aim of this study was to examine the extent to which the relationship between teachers autonomy and IWB is mediated by self-efficacy. Drawing from selfdetermination theory and social cognitive theory, a mediational model linking teachers autonomy, self-efficacy and IWB was developed. The model was tested with a sample of 376 teachers from 12 public and secondary schools in Malaysia using structural equation modelling (SEM). The results have indicated the complete mediation of the link between teachers autonomy and IWB by teachers self-efficacy. This finding underscores the pivotal role that self-efficacy plays in fostering IWB, suggesting that simply increasing teachers autonomy may not directly result in IWB. Building self-efficacy in teachers also serves as a pathway to fostering innovative practices.
  Keywords: autonomy; self-efficacy; innovative work behaviour; IWB; innovation; education.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJWI.2024.10063988
   
  
• The political economy of media on the Metro TV station in Indonesia  
  by Novi Erlita, Mohd Nor Shahizan Ali, Wan Amizah Wan Mahmud, Charli Sitinjak, Józef Ober 
  Abstract: Within the realm of the political economy of media, the role of media in mass communication and social life encompasses five principal components: the social world, the media industry, messages and/or media products, viewers/public, and technology. This study offers an examination of the role played by Metro TV station within the political economy of media in Indonesia, with a particular focus on its distinctive approach as a television station primarily dedicated to round-the-clock news broadcasts, interwoven with entertainment elements. Grounded in Vincent Moscos political economy perspective, this research delves into the media production and ownership dynamics characterising Metro TV. Although previous studies have explored the political economy of television media in Indonesia, there is a notable gap in the comprehensive analysis of the Metro TV station from a political economy of media perspective. The findings underscore Metro TVs considerable political economy influence as an entity predominantly controlled by elites and strategically positioned within the economic landscape, thereby prompting enquiries into its impact on media content and public interests within the nation. This research contributes significantly to a more profound understanding of the forces of political economy forces that mould media institutions in Indonesia.
  Keywords: political economy; media; private TV station; commodification; spatialisation; structuring; Indonesia.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJWI.2024.10063989
   
  
• Determinants of adoption of internet banking by elderly people in India  
  by Nishit Kumar Srivatsava, Santosh Kumar Yadav, A.K. Subramani, N. Akbar Jan, Namrata Chatterjee, Pankaj Kumar Singh 
  Abstract: The purpose of the study is to investigate the intention of senior citizens in India to adopt internet banking. The use of internet banking has grown in importance in society. However, it is crucial to recognise that not everyone, especially the elderly, has embraced and utilised it to the same degree. The theory of planned behaviour (TPB) and the technological acceptance model (TAM) are the research frameworks used in this study. By including four new constructs innate innovativeness, perceived risk, trust, and perceived benefits it offers an integrated-extended framework. Convenience sampling was used to gather data from 439 elderly individuals, and structural equation modelling was used to evaluate the suggested framework. The results indicate that the behavioural intention to adopt internet banking among older adults in India is significantly affected by perceived usefulness, perceived behavioural control, perceived benefits, trust, innate innovativeness, perceived ease of use, and perceived risk. Therefore, it is concluded that perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use play a significant role in the adoption of internet banking by elderly people in India.
  Keywords: internet banking; behavioural intention; trust; innate innovativeness; II; India.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJWI.2024.10064295
   
  
• The effect of organisational climate, role clarity and turnover intention on audit quality: evidence from emerging economy  
  by Vinh Khuong Nguyen, Long Thinh Nguyen 
  Abstract: The paper examines the impact of the organisational climate, role clarity, and turnover intention on audit quality at audit firms in Ho Chi Minh City post-COVID-19. The study uses the PLS-SEM methodology to analyse data from 183 auditors, mainly Gen Z and millennials, and finds that these factors impact audit quality, performance, and unethical decisions differently. The study suggests that audit firms in Vietnam should focus on these factors to improve service quality while adding to Vietnams auditing industrys theoretical and practical basis. Besides, this study also presents the causes of the burnout factor because work has a negative and positive effect on audit quality and performance as well as unethical behaviours. The study is conducted after the COVID-19 pandemic and uses data from a developing country where the Vietnamese government controls audit quality instead of professional associations like other countries. The study also highlights the importance of considering a new generation of auditors, who are expected to have higher turnover rates.
  Keywords: audit quality; turnover intention; organisation climate; role clarity.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJWI.2024.10064363
   
  
• The mediating role of maturity between purchasing recognition and company performance in terms of cost savings  
  by Abderrahim Zghaida, Hassan Aachaach, Yassin Allammari 
  Abstract: This article examines the role of the purchasing function in improving business performance. Despite its potential contribution to the design of new products, process innovation, quality improvement and the mobilisation of suppliers know-how, pressure on margins often leads to cost control being perceived as the main contribution of the purchasing function. We test the effect of recognising this strategic function. The study, based on a survey of 74 Moroccan company directors, reveals a significant positive relationship between recognition of the purchasing function and company performance. The partial least squares (PLS) structural equation method was used to analyse the data, highlighting a partial mediating effect of purchasing maturity. These findings align with previous studies and have important practical and theoretical implications. Henceforth, the need to reconsider the status of the purchasing function as a strategic function within Moroccan companies is indisputable. Finally, our research is the first in the Moroccan context and continues the debate on the strategic or clerical role of the purchasing function.
  Keywords: purchasing recognition; purchasing maturity; performance; cost saving.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJWI.2024.10064671
   
  
• How employees mental health mediates the relationship between job stress, organisational commitment, and job performance of nurses after COVID-19 epidemic recovery period  
  by Erum Shaikh, Waqas Ahmed Watto, Muhammad Nawaz Tunio, Muhammad Asrar 
  Abstract: This study examines what factors contribute to nursing staffs job stress in public and private institutions. It is critical to know how job stress affects nurses and the major sources of it in the hospital setting. The research highlights the primary causes of employee mental health in nursing staff and how it influences work performance and organisational commitment. Two hundred twenty-four questionnaires were delivered to male and female nursing personnel in public and private hospitals in the eastern province of Saudi Arabia. PLS-SEM version 3.0 was used to evaluate the data. Statistical results show that if job stress increases, then job performance and organisational commitment fall. Providing essential abilities, procedures, and techniques to decrease job stress is necessary. Based on the findings, preventive strategies were proposed to minimise occupational stress among female nursing staff in public and private hospitals. Furthermore, employees with greater social interaction are more likely to be committed to their work, according to current statistics. Socialising with peers or supervisors is a more effective technique to reduce the stress in a job and stable mental health.
  Keywords: job stress; job performance; job commitment; nursing staff.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJWI.2024.10064885
   
  
• Empowering Bangladeshi women entrepreneurs as food service providers: bridging innovation, social capital, knowledge, performance, and sustainable development  
  by Md. Tariqul Islam, Uma Pandey, Jeetesh Kumar 
  Abstract: The present study examined the relationship between Bangladeshi womens food service providers entrepreneurial innovations, social capital, entrepreneurial knowledge, entrepreneurial performance, entrepreneurial success, and sustainable development goal (SDGs) 5 (gender equality) and 8 (decent work and economic growth). This study is a quantitative cross-sectional study that was conducted by surveying 196 Bangladeshi women food service providers. The data was collected through a purposive sampling technique. The findings of this study revealed that Bangladeshi womens homemade food service providers entrepreneurial innovations, social capital, and entrepreneurial knowledge positively influence their entrepreneurial performance and success. In addition, entrepreneurial success positively impacts achieving SDGs 5 and 8. The result highlights that successful food service businesses operated by Bangladeshi women directly contribute to achieving the countrys sustainable development goal. This study contributes both theoretically and practically. Theoretically, the study provides a research framework to emphasise what factors impact womens entrepreneurial success and how successful women entrepreneurs can contribute to achieving the sustainable development goal. Practically, this study provides several implications for the stakeholders of the respective industry.
  Keywords: women entrepreneurs; women food service providers; sustainable development goals; SDGs; Bangladesh.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJWI.2024.10064964
   
  
• Flexible working arrangements and employee contextual performance of working mothers  
  by Yap Fui Peng, Jugindar Singh, Jeetesh Kumar, Janitha Kularajasingam 
  Abstract: Employers are focusing on boosting employee performance in todays uncertain climate, and flexible working arrangements (FWA) have become a key strategy. Limited research exists on the contextual performance of working mothers, who represent 61% of the workforce. This study explored the relationship between the contextual performance of working mothers in Malaysias service sector and various FWA dimensions: flextime, telecommuting, job sharing, and compressed workweeks. A deductive approach collected 132 responses from working mothers in Kuala Lumpurs ICT service sector. The findings showed that reducing the workweek positively affects contextual performance, while flextime had a lesser impact. However, telecommuting and job sharing did not significantly predict contextual performance. The study underscores the importance of shorter workweeks and flexible scheduling in boosting the contextual performance of employed mothers. Human resource managers and business leaders can use these findings to create adaptable work schedules, potentially enhancing performance and retaining working mothers in the workforce.
  Keywords: flexible work arrangements; FWAs; flextime; telecommuting; job sharing; compressed workweek; contextual performance; working mothers.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJWI.2024.10065011
   
  
• Financial leverage and bank employee wage: evidence from an emerging economy  
  by Liem Nguyen, Han Do, Nguyen Nguyen, Vy Le, Khuong Nguyen 
  Abstract: The effect of banks leverage on employees wage has received little attention thus far. This link is highly relevant in the context of developing markets with weak institutional quality and corporate governance. This paper seeks to examine the relationship between leverage and bank employees wages in Vietnam, using a sample of commercial banks from 2007 to 2021. The research findings show that financial leverage exerts a negative effect on bank employees salaries. The negative effect of leverage on bank employees salaries implies that equity owners and bank managers tend to consider leverage as a bargaining tool to reduce labour costs, resulting in lower pay for employees. The result is robust to another measure of financial leverage. Based on the findings, we provide implications for the relevant stakeholders.
  Keywords: wage; Vietnam; human capital.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJWI.2024.10065434
   
  
• The influence of spiritual leadership on organisational citizenship behaviour: understanding the roles of psychological empowerment and organisational climate  
  by Alina Kiran, Suraya Binti Ahmad, Fahad Aftab, Junaid Aftab 
  Abstract: Based on social learning theory, the current study investigates the direct effect of spiritual leadership on organisational citizenship behaviour for the environment (OCBE) and indirectly through psychological empowerment. In addition, the moderating effect of organisational climate on the relationship between spiritual leadership and psychological empowerment with OCBE was also examined. With a sample (N = 506) of Chinese employees from the manufacturing and service sectors, the current research analysed the data using structural equation modelling. The study found that spiritual leadership and psychological empowerment are positively and significantly related to OCBE. Additionally, psychological empowerment significantly mediates spiritual leadership and OCBE relationships. Further, the organisational climate (as a moderator) significantly strengthens the relationships between spiritual leadership and psychological empowerment with OCBE. This study is among the first to investigate the importance of spiritual leadership and psychological empowerment in OCBE and how organisational climate can affect these relationships. Thus, novel implications for theory and managers are provided in this paper.
  Keywords: organisational climate; psychological empowerment; spiritual leadership; social learning theory; SLT.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJWI.2024.10065495
   
  
• Examining the use of social media in business life in the context of the diffusion of innovation theory: the example of women entrepreneurs  
  by Hatice Sari Gök 
  Abstract: This study examines the aim of this study is to examine the use of social media applications by female entrepreneurs in sales and marketing activities in the context of the diffusion of innovation theory. In the research, in which the interview technique, one of the qualitative research methods, was used, the adoption levels of female entrepreneurs in the marketing and sales of their products and services and their purposes and reasons for using social media networks were examined. In addition, the people who influenced their decision to use social media for sales and marketing purposes and how they evaluated themselves in the use of innovations were discussed. According to the research results, the majority of female entrepreneurs stated that they benefit from social media platforms related to their products and services and that they are satisfied with using social networks related to their business. They said that they follow the innovations in social networks, take care to adapt to the innovations, and that using these networks consciously allows them to seize various opportunities in business life.
  Keywords: entrepreneurship; women’s entrepreneurship; diffusion of innovation; social media.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJWI.2024.10065651
   
  
• Adoption intention of blockchain technology among women entrepreneurs  
  by Aastha Singh, Pooja Sharma, Manoj Kumar Mishra 
  Abstract: Blockchain has emerged as a disruptive force across a variety of industries therefore the intention to adopt blockchain is crucial to understand. The paper explores the intention to adopt blockchain among women entrepreneurs. The research considers TPB-based model by adding variables such as risk propensity, perceived security and privacy, and perceived usefulness with the attitude towards behaviour and perceived behavioural control to analyse the impact on women entrepreneurs adoption intention of blockchain technology. The sample was collected from 210 women entrepreneurs in Delhi-NCR. The data was analysed by using Smart-PLS 4. The findings underscore the positive significant impact of the antecedents on women entrepreneurs adoption intention of blockchain technology. The study contributes to empowering women entrepreneurs by harnessing the benefits of blockchain technology. It provides essential insights to policymakers, industry experts, and women entrepreneurs regarding the predictors of the intention among women entrepreneurs towards adopting blockchain technology.
  Keywords: blockchain technology; women entrepreneurs; adoption intention; theory of planned behaviour; structural equation modelling.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJWI.2024.10065653
   
  
• Understanding motivation, challenges and work life balance among solo women entrepreneurs in Delhi, NCR, India: a qualitative study  
  by Kuldeep Singh, Aastha Jain, Reeti Gupta 
  Abstract: This research aims to understand the motivation, work-life balance, challenges, and coping strategies of solo women entrepreneurs working in Delhi NCR, India. Researchers employed a qualitative approach using thematic analysis and formed five major themes (motivations, rewards, challenges, coping strategies and scope of growth and development). Researchers aim to explore the entrepreneurial pathways of solo women entrepreneurs by understanding motivation, challenges, and how they employ strategies to overcome challenges. The researchers identified a purposive sample with a qualitative and non-probabilistic approach and purposely selected respondents working as solo women entrepreneurs in Delhi NCR. This study conducted 21 in-depth interviews of solo women entrepreneurs in Delhi NCR. The data on women entrepreneurs were collected through semi-structured interviews. The findings indicated that motivations for running a solo womens entrepreneurship include self-satisfaction, passion, innovative ideas, and self-belief. This research is an honest attempt to realise the various challenges and work-life balance issues faced by a solo woman entrepreneur in Delhi, NCR, India. It can help future scholars and policymakers to study womens entrepreneurship.
  Keywords: solo women entrepreneurs; motivation; work-life balance; India.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJWI.2024.10065662
   
  
• Entrepreneurial intention of women employed in tourism: the role of bonding social capital, future anxiety, and risk-taking propensity  
  by Selda Guven, Bayram Sahin 
  Abstract: Womens involvement in entrepreneurship plays a crucial role in fostering economic growth, especially in developing nations. This holds particular significance within the tourism industry. It is essential to gather data on the elements that impact the womens entrepreneurship ecosystem, particularly gender, access to resources, and networks. This study aims to evaluate the entrepreneurial intentions of women employed in the tourism industry, with a focus on social capital, risk-taking propensity, and future anxiety. For this purpose, data gathered from 401 female employees from the tourism industry was analysed using quantitative methods. The results demonstrate that entrepreneurial intention varies depending on education level, tourism education, and tenure in the industry. Bonding social capital is positively related to entrepreneurial intention. However, the relationship between bonding social capital and entrepreneurial intention is not moderated by future anxiety. Nonetheless, risk-taking propensity serves as a mediator in the link between bonding social capital and entrepreneurial intention. The intention of women to engage in entrepreneurship can result in taking more risks and displaying courageous behaviour, which may help alleviate specific concerns.
  Keywords: entrepreneurial intention; bonding social capital; future anxiety; risk-taking propensity.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJWI.2024.10065703
   
  
• Sustainability management and internal control systems in Lebanese NGOs  
  by Nisreen Hilal, Marwan Azouri, Bilal Jibai, Najwa Nassif 
  Abstract: This study investigates the impact of internal control systems on goal achievement and sustainability in Lebanese non-governmental organisations (NGOs). By analysing responses from 250 questionnaires, the research employs both descriptive and inferential statistics to reveal the dynamics between internal controls and organisational effectiveness. The findings highlight a strong positive link between robust internal control systems and the successful attainment of objectives and sustainability in NGOs. Specifically, effective internal controls are essential for efficient management and superior service delivery, which in turn bolster an NGOs capacity to fulfill its mission and ensure its ongoing viability. Additionally, the study proposes actionable best practices for NGOs to enhance project acquisition and funding, alongside recommendations for donors to optimise their funding strategies. This exploration not only underscores the critical role of internal control systems in the operational and sustainable success of NGOs but also provides a strategic framework for improving organisational performance and accountability.
  Keywords: non-governmental organisations; NGOs; sustainability; internal control; goal attainment.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJWI.2024.10065776
   
  
• Resilience and woman entrepreneurs in rural areas: a case study in T  
  by Betül Çetin 
  Abstract: The importance of woman entrepreneurship in the tourism sector is increasing day by day. The goal of this study is to determine the current state of circumstances for woman entrepreneurs in the province of Nide in T
  Keywords: entrepreneurship; woman entrepreneurs; women’s entrepreneurship on gastronomy tourism; Niğde; Turkey.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJWI.2024.10065876
   
  
• Women entrepreneurship research in T  
  by Ali Erbaşi, Semih Büyükipekci 
  Abstract: This study performs a bibliometric analysis of postgraduate theses concerning women entrepreneurship in T
  Keywords: women entrepreneurship; postgraduate theses; Türkiye; council of higher education national thesis centrre.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJWI.2024.10065877
   
  
• Do high-commitment work systems and employee creativity impact organisational performance? The moderating role of supervisor support  
  by Khawaja Jehanzeb, Roqia Mushtaq 
  Abstract: This study aims to observe the relationship between highcommitment work systems (HCWS) and organisational performance, the mediating influence of employee creativity, and the moderating role of supervisory support. Data were obtained from employees in the telecommunications sectors of four metropolitan cities in Pakistan using a stratified sampling technique. A total of 291 questionnaires were accepted for data analysis. The hypotheses were examined using structural equation modelling (SEM) techniques with AMOS 21.0. The results showed that HCWS significantly relate to employee creativity and organisational performance. Additionally, employee creativity significantly impacts organisational performance and mediates the relationship between HCWS and organisational performance. However, the study did not find a moderating role of supervisory support in the HCWS-employee creativity relationship. The findings are valuable for telecom industry stakeholders and policymakers seeking sustainable HCWS in a dynamic market. This study is unique and valuable for understanding the connections among these constructs in the Pakistani context.
  Keywords: high-commitment work systems; HCWS; employee creativity; supervisor support; organisational performance.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJWI.2024.10065878
   
  
• Destination competitiveness trends: the case of Mediterranean countries  
  by Armagan Aydin, Aziz Bostan, Osman Nuri Özdoğan 
  Abstract: This paper aims to delineate the factors influencing the destination competitiveness of Mediterranean countries (MC) before, during, and after the pandemic, thereby providing valuable insights into strategies to enhance competitiveness in the tourism sector. According to the literature, the determinants of competitiveness are subject to time and destination variations. Data spanning the years 2015 to 2021 has been sourced from reports such as the travel and tourism competitiveness index (TTCI) and the world development index (WDI). This dataset encapsulates the pre-pandemic, mid-pandemic, and post-pandemic periods, and provides a comprehensive temporal perspective for analysis. Machine learning algorithms have been incorporated into regression analysis to augment analytical rigor. Our findings suggest that while economic and endowment factors held greater significance before the pandemic, effective destination management emerged as a crucial factor for MC to uphold their competitiveness and resilience during the crisis period.
  Keywords: destination; competitiveness; COVID-19; Mediterranean; tourism.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJWI.2024.10066389
   
  
• Factors hampering feminism, women entrepreneurship and leadership role in Pakistan: investigation of literature review  
  by Kinza Yousfani, Erum Shaikh, Syed Haider Ali Shah, Gül Erkol Bayram 
  Abstract: Women entrepreneurs are considered the recent drivers for the growth of socio-economic development and entrepreneurship contributes a vital role in the nations socio-economic growth. Based on liberal feminist theory and the importance of womens entrepreneurship like overview would be instrumental for the policymakers to understand such factors that influence the leadership growth of women entrepreneurs in Pakistan. A systematic review was performed of the electronic databases for the year brackets 20112020 to find the factors that affect womens entrepreneurship in Pakistan were searched in the databases. Primarily 50 articles were taken, out of which 31 were relevant and 19 were irrelevant articles related to opportunities. The result of the systemic review literature reveals certain factors that impact the escalation of womens entrepreneurship in Pakistan are education, financial factors, social culture, and experience, but the most prominent impact is personal factors that affect the development process of womens entrepreneurship.
  Keywords: feminism; women; leadership; entrepreneurship; Pakistan.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJWI.2024.10066391
   
  
• Examining tourists motivations for participating in orchard tourism in Shimla: an analysis through the lens of the theory of planned behaviour  
  by Jyoti Thakur, Uma Pandey, Shakeel Basheer, Gül Erkol Bayram, Marco Valeri 
  Abstract: Orchard tourism, a niche within the broader tourism industry, offers travellers unique horticultural and cultural experiences. In Shimla, India, known for its Himalayan beauty and cultural heritage, Orchard tourism holds significant potential. This study aims to create a predictive model for Shimlas orchard tourism using the theory of planned behaviour (TBP). A structured survey was administered to tourists visiting Shimla, and data were analysed using regression analysis, EFA and CFA. Results indicate that tourist perceived behavioural control is a significant predictor of intentions to engage in orchard tourism. However, attitude and subjective norms did not significantly influence intentions. These findings offer valuable insights for policy makers, destination planners and marketers to develop targeted strategies to promote orchard tourism experiences using the TPB framework.
  Keywords: orchard tourism; theory of planned behaviour; TPB; tourist attitude; societal norms; perceived control; tourist intention.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJWI.2024.10066506
   
  
• Investigating the factors that impact job satisfaction among employees working in Lebanese NGOs  
  by Nisreen Hilal, Bilal Jibai, Rana Khalil 
  Abstract: This research aims at exploring the various factors that impact the job satisfaction of employees working in NGOs operating across the Lebanese territory. Moreover, it studies the relationship between demographics, salary, promotion opportunities, and relationship with colleagues, relationship with supervisors, work environment, meaningfulness, and job autonomy with job satisfaction. The purpose is for these findings to be useful for business owners and organisational leaders in understanding how to make sure that all the previously listed aspects work to improve the job satisfaction levels of their employees. The results provide organisational leaders with empirical proof that demographics, salary, promotion opportunities, relationship with supervisors, meaningfulness, salary, and job autonomy positively affect workers job satisfaction causing them to enjoy the assigned tasks and hence be more productive. This can help the upper management to find ways to keep their subordinates delighted and therefore ensure increased profits for their organisation.
  Keywords: job satisfaction; employees; NGOs; salary; relationships at work.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJWI.2024.10066609
   
  
• Telecommuting governance strategies and work productivity in the banking sector  
  by Eric Kuada, Sena Anteson, Peace Kumah 
  Abstract: This research investigates the key factors driving remote work adoption, evaluates the governance strategies implemented in telecommuting, and assesses their impact on work productivity within the banking industry. A questionnaire survey was conducted with 120 respondents from 30 banks in Ghana, using descriptive and inferential statistics for data analysis. The study identifies job characteristics, communication, management support, trust, organisational culture, and compatibility as significant drivers of telecommuting adoption in banks. Furthermore, the research highlights the importance of personnel control, results control, action control, and cultural control strategies in governing telecommuting activities. Personnel control and results control significantly influence work productivity in the banking sector. These findings underscore the role of effective organisational management practices in enhancing remote work activities and productivity, providing practical insights for researchers, professionals, and policymakers in the banking and organisational management sectors to improve their strategies and practices.
  Keywords: telecommuting; organisational governance; work productivity; banking industry.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJWI.2024.10066706
   
  
• Does consistency play a role in mission and performance nexus?  
  by Kassimu Issau 
  Abstract: The study sought to investigate the mediating effect of consistency in the relationship between mission and performance of licensed hotel accommodation establishments. Data for the study were generated from one hundred and sixty-two managers or owners of licensed hotel accommodation establishments in the Central Region of Ghana. The study utilised both the quantitative research approach and explanatory research design. A self-administered questionnaire was used to gather data from the respondents and partial least square-structural equation modelling analytical approach was employed for the analysis. The results showed that mission had a significant positive relationship with consistency and organisational performance. Again, consistency had a significant positive relationship with organisational performance. Finally, the results established a mediation effect of consistency in the mission and performance link. The results provide an interesting revelation that mission of a firm facilitates coordinated actions and encourage consistency of behaviour with key corporate principles, which contribute to performance.
  Keywords: resource-based view; mission; consistency; organisational performance.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJWI.2024.10066846
   
  
• Application of structural equation modelling approach in assessing networking and collaboration of women entrepreneurs in tourism  
  by Hafizullah Dar, Shakeel Basheer 
  Abstract: This research work aims to investigate the networking and collaborative approaches used by the women entrepreneurs, their entrepreneurial self-efficacy and satisfaction in tourism business. A total of 130 tourism women entrepreneurs were surveyed for their responses to the study instrument. This study used the SEM approach to test association among the constructs in the study model. The study findings revealed that e-marketing, networking events, business incubations and collaborations key approaches used by the women entrepreneurs for their business networking and collaboration. According to the results, business networking and collaboration approaches significantly influence entrepreneurial self-efficacy of women entrepreneurs and they are satisfied with their business decisions and outcomes. The results signify the importance of developing an ecosystem of support that empower networking, cooperation, and the growth of entrepreneurial self-efficacy among women entrepreneurs in the tourism sector.
  Keywords: business networking; business collaboration; entrepreneurial self-efficacy; tourism business; women entrepreneur.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJWI.2024.10067025
   
  
• Tailored go-to-market strategies for MSMEs: an entrepreneurial marketing perspective in crisis-laden environments  
  by Lara Khabbaz, Omaya Kuran, Marwan Azouri 
  Abstract: This study explores tailored go-to-market (GTM) strategies for crisis-affected MSMEs in Lebanon, emphasising the significance of well-structured approaches amidst challenges like limited resources and changing consumer needs. The primary aim is to develop GTM strategies that improve entrepreneurs adaptability during crises, ensuring sustainable revenue. Action research (AR) integrates theory and practice in creating GTM strategies, with five women entrepreneurs implementing these strategies through a cyclical AR process. The research employs coaching sessions, interviews, and document analysis for comprehensive data collection. The theoretical framework combines AR and GTM strategy development, exploring unique objectives and approaches across industries and emphasising adaptability to market dynamics. It showcases the ingenuity of these ventures in utilising effective channel strategies, messaging tactics, and marketing methods. The study provides insights into how MSMEs can tailor their GTM strategies to fit specific contexts and industry demands. This research uniquely focuses on crisis-specific GTM strategies for MSMEs, offering practical insights into their adaptability and innovation during crises. It contributes to entrepreneurship and business strategy by thoroughly examining GTM components.
  Keywords: MSMEs; go-to-market strategies; GTM; crisis management; and entrepreneurship.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJWI.2024.10067065
   
  
• Do personal and soft skills matter in research/industry cooperation? An experimental qualitative study  
  by Ugo Finardi, Caterina Farao, Gabriella Rizzi, Isabella Bianco 
  Abstract: Drawing on the theory of research/industry cooperation, this work aims to understand the importance and role of personal and soft skills for the success of research/industry cooperation for technology transfer. It is based on a broad set of interviews to stakeholders from relevant cooperation initiatives between firms and an Italian public research organisation. The interviews are then analysed, performing a theoretical/deductive thematic analysis, drawing interpretative keys from literature analysis. The results show the positive and relevant role of personal and soft skills in establishing and maintaining research/industry cooperation aimed at technology transfer. The most targeted personal skills are those labelled as tech-pro and business. Nevertheless, the results also show the importance of interpersonal/intrapersonal skills, showing the relevance of the human side of research/industry cooperation. These topics are to the best of our knowledge underexplored, and the results show their relevance in the specific case of research/industry cooperation.
  Keywords: research/industry cooperation; RIC; soft skills; qualitative thematic analysis; interviews.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJWI.2024.10067155
   
  
• Impact of emotional intelligence on career adaptability: an empirical analysis  
  by Amiya Kumar Mohapatra, Debasis Mohanty, Muskan Diwan, Raja Emani 
  Abstract: This study examines the impact of emotional intelligence (EI) on career adaptability (CA) of young professionals. The data was collected from 386 young professionals with 3 to 4 years of work experience from India, through questionnaire by using convenience sampling method. The measurement variables used in this model were self-awareness (SA), self-motivation (SM), self-regulation (SR) and career adaptability, grounded on the existing literature. The technique used in the study is structural equation modelling using AMOS 26.0 software. The findings revealed that there was affirmative correlation between EI and career adaptability; and all the three hypotheses were accepted, revealing that self-awareness, self-motivation, self-regulation have positive correlation with career adaptability. Results revealed that higher levels of self-awareness among young professionals help in smoother career transitions through better understanding of their strengths and weaknesses. Similarly, self-motivation enhances resilience and perseverance among young professionals in dealing with the career obstacles, challenges and traumas; whereas self-regulation enhances their emotional composure and job performance. This study will add value to the corporate world in decision-making, and will contribute in policy making and academic discourses.
  Keywords: emotional intelligence; career adaptability; self-awareness; self-motivation; self-regulation.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJWI.2024.10067185
   
  
• The role of transformational leadership in enhancing organisational reputation: the mediating effect of organisational creativity  
  by Saadoon Mohsin Salman, Muthana Zahim Fisal, Muhammad Umar 
  Abstract: This study aims to comprehend the role that transformational leadership plays in enhancing organisational reputation based on the assumption that organisational creativity will mediate this relationship. The research design is based on a descriptive-analytical method, with data collected from 192 middle-level staff of three universities in Baghdad through online questionnaires. The proposed hypotheses were tested using the Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) and the partial least squares structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM). The results revealed a significant correlation between transformational leadership and an organisations reputation, as well as organisational creativity and the organisations reputation. Moreover, organisational creativity was found to mediate the transformational leadership and the organisations reputation linkages. The research contributes to the theoretical and practical fields by providing evidence that encouraging organisational creativity will perfect transformational leadership and an organisations reputation linkages. Thus, the study implies that transformational leadership and organisational creativity improve organisational reputation.
  Keywords: transformation leadership; TL; organisation’s reputation; OR; organisational creativity; OC; innovation; reputation; organisation theory.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJWI.2024.10067331
   
  
• Investigation of womens entrepreneurial intention for Airbnb based on entrepreneurial potential model: the moderating role of socio-cultural gender discrimination  
  by Uzeyir Kement, Berkan Başar, Faruk Yüksel, Trina Mjeda 
  Abstract: This research aims to investigate womens entrepreneurial intentions within the scope of entrepreneurial potential theory and theory of planned behaviour. Data were collected from individuals over 18 years old with experience working in the tourism sector in T
  Keywords: women entrepreneurial intentions; entrepreneurial potential model; EPM; gender discrimination; sharing economy; Airbnb.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJWI.2024.10067542
   
  
• Exploring the mediating effect of financial literacy on the relationship between financial inclusion and poverty alleviation: a sustainable development approach  
  by Viqar U. Nissa, Danish Mehraj, Irshad Ahmad Malik, Shakira Mukhtar, Marco Valeri 
  Abstract: This study explores the interplay between financial inclusion, financial literacy, and poverty alleviation among rural households in North Kashmir, India. Utilising a cross-sectional design, data was gathered from 545 households via non-probability judgemental sampling. The research aimed to assess the impact of financial inclusion on poverty reduction and explore financial literacys mediating role in this process. Constructs for financial inclusion, literacy, and poverty alleviation were grounded in an extensive literature review and validated through factor analyses. Financial inclusion was evaluated based on access, usage, and affordability; financial literacy was assessed through awareness, experience, and skill; poverty alleviation was measured by social and economic status and quality of life. Structural equation modelling (SEM) was employed to examine the relationships among these constructs, revealing significant path coefficients that affirm the hypothesised links. The findings indicate that financial inclusion significantly boosts financial literacy and poverty alleviation. Financial literacy was also shown to mediate the relationship between financial inclusion and poverty reduction partially. This study enriches the existing literature by demonstrating the pivotal role of financial literacy in the financial inclusion-poverty alleviation nexus. It offers actionable insights for policymakers and financial entities to enhance poverty reduction efforts in rural settings.
  Keywords: financial inclusion; financial literacy; poverty alleviation; rural households.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJWI.2024.10067751
   
  
• Management of hospitals during COVID-19: a Delphi method on the ranking importance  
  by Özgür Selvi, Adil Aslan, Merve Kargın, Merve Duran, Ali Raza, Gül Erkol Bayram 
  Abstract: Humans are social beings who adapt their way of life to their culture, and as a result, have been exposed to these diseases. Throughout human history, infectious epidemics have posed a significant challenge to cultures due to population growth, culturally inappropriate diets, and poor hygiene. It is crucial to identify and treat illnesses promptly to prevent significant losses. Despite significant advancements in technology and medicine, the world was still shaken by the COVID-19 pandemic that began in December 2019. Strict measures have been implemented at both national and international levels to prevent the spread of the virus through droplets.
  Keywords: COVID-19; pandemic; COVID-19 measures; hospitality; management.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJWI.2024.10067752